{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T12:53:46Z","timestamp":1771332826491,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 103\u20102221\u2010E\u2010007\u2010103\u2010MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 103\u20102221\u2010E\u2010007\u2010103\u2010MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quality &amp; Reliability Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper is motivated by Food Safety Modernization Act, signed into law by President Obama on Jan. 4, 2011, after several outbreaks of tainted foods have cost human health and contracted food\u2010industry prosperity over the past decade. It develops a situationally sample\u2010size\u2010adjusted procedure, called a tightened\u2013normal\u2013tightened (TNT) sampling strategy, on the basis of yield\u2010index (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) verification of the production process, whose measurements, garnered from a key quality characteristic with bilateral specification limits, follow a normal distribution. In this paper, we firstly describe the sampling procedure of the <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009TNT(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>) inspection scheme whose sets of parameters include sample sizes for the tightened inspection (<jats:italic>nT<\/jats:italic>) and normal inspection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>), and the critical value (<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>). Those parameters are determined from the joint solution of two nonlinear inequalities complying with the tolerable vendor's risk, buyer's risk, the desired acceptable quality level (AQL) and limiting quality level (LQL). Then, the proposed <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009TNT(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>) schemes for several inspection standards, widely utilized in practice, are delineated, and their functioning behaviors and propensities are further investigated. Moreover, we compare the <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009TNT(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>) strategy with two unadjusted inspection schemes, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2010tightened, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009T(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>), and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2010normal, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009N(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>), to illustrate its inspection flexibility and efficiency in real applications. Finally, implementing with a vendor\u2013buyer contract agreement using the <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>pk<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2010\u2009TNT(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>,\u2009<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>) sampling plan, a company inspecting the submitted universal\u2010serial\u2010bus (USB) connectors demonstrates the applicability of our proposed methodologies. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.1990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T07:10:32Z","timestamp":1460531432000},"page":"57-69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Situationally Sample\u2010Size\u2010Adjusted Sampling Scheme Based on Process Yield Verification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Chien\u2010Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Hung","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Wen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu Taiwan"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Practical Acceptance Sampling: A Hands\u2010On Guide","author":"Shmueli G","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Acceptance Sampling in Quality Control","author":"Schilling EG","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2011.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Statistical Quality Control: A Modern Introduction","author":"Montgomery DC","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Statistical Quality Assurance Methods for Engineers","author":"Vardeman SB","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16843703.2015.11673433"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2014.886028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.1094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2008.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2013.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.1808"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nav.21523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664760500389582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664760802562514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664760802695777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","article-title":"Toy\u2010safety measures expand\u2014test by brands aim to comfort parents, but doubts emerge","volume":"11","author":"Casey N","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wall Street Journal, updated by September"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2011.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"KavilanzP.Wal\u2010Mart Toys \u201cR\u201d Us unveil new safety September 2013 rules CNN Money. Available at:http:\/\/money.cnn.com\/2008\/02\/15\/news\/companies\/toysafety_update\/index.htm. Accessed on January 19 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Food Safety Modernization Act: Marking a New Era in U.S. Foocxxxd Safety. Food Safety Magazine Retrieved December 1 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA).The Food Safety Modernization Act: A New Paradigm for Importers and Global Partnerships. Quality Assurance & Food Safety Magazine Retrieved April 15 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"517","article-title":"The composite operating characteristic under normal and tightened sampling inspection by attributes","volume":"41","author":"Hald A","year":"1965","journal-title":"Bulletin of International Statistical Institute"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"35","volume-title":"American Society for Quality Control Annual Technical Conference Transactions","author":"Calvin TW","year":"1977"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1080\/00224065.1990.11979226","article-title":"Construction and selection of tightened\u2013normal\u2013tightened (TNT) plan","volume":"22","author":"Soudararajan V","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Quality Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664769200000031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02664769624369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610919408813190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qre.450"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-75971-5_29"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","unstructured":"Agriculture: the code of Federal Regulation of U.S.A. Agriculture Service Marketing Part 42 Revised as of Jan. 1 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"1\u2013","article-title":"The pharmaceutical supply chain: improved security through statistical sampling","author":"Gillai B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stanford Global Supply Chain Management Forum"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","volume-title":"Statistic\u2010Vocabulary and Symbols\u2010Part 2, Applied Statistics, (ISO 3534\u20102)","author":"International Organization for Standardization (ISO)","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","volume-title":"The Management and Control of Quality","author":"Evans JR","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(99)00031-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/erae\/jbs006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ChengZ XiaoJ XieK HuangX.Optimal product quality of supply chain based on information traceability in fashion and textiles industry: an adverse logistics perspective. Mathematical Problems in Engineering2013; Article ID 629363 13 pages.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/629363"}],"container-title":["Quality and Reliability Engineering International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fqre.1990","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fqre.1990","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/qre.1990","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T18:41:28Z","timestamp":1696531288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/qre.1990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/qre.1990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/qre.1990","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0748-8017","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1638","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]]}}}