{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T13:48:52Z","timestamp":1766065732218},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,2]],"date-time":"2007-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4078,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational Intelligence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper provides a blueprint for the development of a fully domain\u2010independent single\u2010agent and multiagent heuristic search system. It gives a graph\u2010theoretic representation of search problems based on conceptual graphs and outlines two different learning systems. One, an \u201cinformed learner\u201d, makes use of the graph\u2010theoretic definition of a search problem or game in playing and adapting to a game in the given environment. The other, a \u201cblind learner\u201d, is not given access to the rules of a domain but must discover and then exploit the underlying mathematical structure of a given domain. Relevant work of others is referenced within the context of the blueprint.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To illustrate further how one might go about creating general game\u2010playing agents, we show how we can generalize the understanding obtained with the Morph chess system to all games involving the interactions of abstract mathematical relations. A monitor for such domains has been developed, along with an implementation of a blind and informed learning system known as Morphll. Performance results with MorphK are preliminary but encouraging and provide a few more data points with which to understand and evaluate the blueprint.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8640.1996.tb00257.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,2]],"date-time":"2007-04-02T22:56:38Z","timestamp":1175554598000},"page":"155-176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["GENERAL GAME\u2010PLAYING AND REINFORCEMENT LEARNING"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Levinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"192","volume-title":"Heuristic Programming in Artificial Intelligence 3","author":"Allis V.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Games: Planning and Learning","author":"Baum E. 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