Comment on Williams (2025): "Friends don't let friends use NSE or KGE for hydrologic model accuracy evaluation: A rant with data and suggestions for better practice".

Chaopeng Shen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0685-1901 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q58097642 https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:shen.chaopeng

Martyn P. Clark Wouter J. M. Knoben Diana Spieler Gaby J. Gründemann Cyril Thébault Nicolás A. Vásquez Andrew W. Wood Yalan Song Chaopeng Shen Shaun Carney Katie van Werkhoven Comment on Williams (2025): "Friends don't let friends use NSE or KGE for hydrologic model accuracy evaluation: A rant with data and suggestions for better practice". 2026 106869 197 Environ. Model. Softw. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106869 db/journals/envsoft/envsoft197.html#ClarkKSGTVWSSCW26 streams/journals/envsoft

Abdolmehdi Behroozi Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer Sensitivity-Constrained Fourier Neural Operators for Forward and Inverse Problems in Parametric Differential Equations. 2025 ICLR https://openreview.net/forum?id=DPzQ5n3mNm conf/iclr/2025 db/conf/iclr/iclr2025.html#BehrooziSK25

Amirmoez Jamaat Yalan Song Farshid Rahmani Jiangtao Liu Kathryn Lawson Chaopeng Shen Update hydrological states or meteorological forcings? Comparing data assimilation methods for differentiable hydrologic models. 2025 February abs/2502.16444 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.16444 db/journals/corr/corr2502.html#abs-2502-16444 streams/journals/corr

Haoyu Ji Yalan Song Tadd Bindas Chaopeng Shen Yuan Yang Ming Pan Jiangtao Liu Farshid Rahmani Ather Abbas Hylke E. Beck Kathryn Lawson Yoshihide Wada Distinct hydrologic response patterns and trends worldwide revealed by physics-embedded learning. 2025 April abs/2504.10707 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.10707 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-10707 streams/journals/corr

Abdolmehdi Behroozi Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer Sensitivity-Constrained Fourier Neural Operators for Forward and Inverse Problems in Parametric Differential Equations. 2025 May abs/2505.08740 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.08740 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-08740 streams/journals/corr

Da Fan David John Gagne II Steven J. Greybush Eugene E. Clothiaux John S. Schreck Chaopeng Shen Bayesian Deep Learning for Convective Initiation Nowcasting Uncertainty Estimation. 2025 July abs/2507.16219 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.16219 db/journals/corr/corr2507.html#abs-2507-16219 streams/journals/corr

Nicholas Kraabel Jiangtao Liu Yuchen Bian Daniel Kifer Chaopeng Shen StefaLand: An Efficient Geoscience Foundation Model That Improves Dynamic Land-Surface Predictions. 2025 September abs/2509.17942 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.17942 db/journals/corr/corr2509.html#abs-2509-17942 streams/journals/corr

Savinay Nagendra Kashif Rashid Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer SAMIC: Segment Anything with In-Context Spatial Prompt Engineering. 2024 abs/2412.11998 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2412.11998 db/journals/corr/corr2412.html#abs-2412-11998 streams/journals/corr

Chaopeng Shen Alison P. Appling Pierre Gentine Toshiyuki Bandai Hoshin V. Gupta Alexandre Tartakovsky Marco Baity-Jesi Fabrizio Fenicia Daniel Kifer Li Li Xiaofeng Liu Wei Ren Yi Zheng Ciaran J. Harman Martyn P. Clark Matthew W. Farthing Dapeng Feng Praveen Kumar Doaa Aboelyazeed Farshid Rahmani Hylke E. Beck Tadd Bindas Dipankar Dwivedi Kuai Fang Marvin Höge Chris Rackauckas Tirthankar Roy Chonggang Xu Kathryn Lawson Differentiable modeling to unify machine learning and physical models and advance Geosciences. 2023 abs/2301.04027 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.04027 db/journals/corr/corr2301.html#abs-2301-04027

Jiangtao Liu Yuchen Bian Chaopeng Shen Probing the limit of hydrologic predictability with the Transformer network. 2023 abs/2306.12384 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.12384 db/journals/corr/corr2306.html#abs-2306-12384

Savinay Nagendra Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer Estimating Uncertainty in Landslide Segmentation Models. 2023 abs/2311.11138 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.11138 db/journals/corr/corr2311.html#abs-2311-11138

Shuyu Y. Chang Zahra Ghahremani Laura Manuel Seyed Mohammad Hassan Erfani Chaopeng Shen Sagy Cohen Kimberly Van Meter Jennifer L. Pierce Ehab A Meselhe Erfan Goharian The geometry of flow: Advancing predictions of river geometry with multi-model machine learning. 2023 abs/2312.11476 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.11476 db/journals/corr/corr2312.html#abs-2312-11476

Savinay Nagendra Daniel Kifer Benjamin Mirus Te Pei Kathryn Lawson Srikanth Banagere Manjunatha Weixin Li Hien Nguyen 0003 Tong Qiu Sarah Tran Chaopeng Shen Constructing a Large-Scale Landslide Database Across Heterogeneous Environments Using Task-Specific Model Updates. 4349-4370 2022 15 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote. Sens. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3177025 db/journals/staeors/staeors15.html#NagendraKMPLMLN22

Fuxin Zhu Xin Li 0029 Jun Qin Kun Yang 0004 Lan Cuo Wenjun Tang Chaopeng Shen Integration of Multisource Data to Estimate Downward Longwave Radiation Based on Deep Neural Networks. 1-15 2022 60 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3094321 db/journals/tgrs/tgrs60.html#ZhuLQYCTS22

Xiaofeng Liu Yalan Song Chaopeng Shen Bathymetry Inversion using a Deep-Learning-Based Surrogate for Shallow Water Equations Solvers. 2022 abs/2203.02821 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.02821 db/journals/corr/corr2203.html#abs-2203-02821

Dapeng Feng Jiangtao Liu Kathryn Lawson Chaopeng Shen Differentiable, learnable, regionalized process-based models with physical outputs can approach state-of-the-art hydrologic prediction accuracy. 2022 abs/2203.14827 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.14827 db/journals/corr/corr2203.html#abs-2203-14827

Savinay Nagendra Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer ThreshNet: Segmentation Refinement Inspired by Region-Specific Thresholding. 2022 abs/2211.06560 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.06560 db/journals/corr/corr2211.html#abs-2211-06560

Kuai Fang Daniel Kifer Kathryn Lawson Dapeng Feng Chaopeng Shen The data synergy effects of time-series deep learning models in hydrology. 2021 abs/2101.01876 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.01876 db/journals/corr/corr2101.html#abs-2101-01876

Wenyu Ouyang Kathryn Lawson Dapeng Feng Lei Ye Chi Zhang Chaopeng Shen Continental-scale streamflow modeling of basins with reservoirs: a demonstration of effectiveness and a delineation of challenges. 2021 abs/2101.04423 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.04423 db/journals/corr/corr2101.html#abs-2101-04423

Yalan Song Chaopeng Shen Xiaofeng Liu Surrogate Model for Shallow Water Equations Solvers with Deep Learning. 2021 abs/2112.10889 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10889 db/journals/corr/corr2112.html#abs-2112-10889

Wen-Ping Tsai Ming Pan Kathryn Lawson Jiangtao Liu Dapeng Feng Chaopeng Shen From parameter calibration to parameter learning: Revolutionizing large-scale geoscientific modeling with big data. 2020 abs/2007.15751 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15751 db/journals/corr/corr2007.html#abs-2007-15751

Dapeng Feng Kathryn Lawson Chaopeng Shen Prediction in ungauged regions with sparse flow duration curves and input-selection ensemble modeling. 2020 abs/2011.13380 CoRR https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.13380 db/journals/corr/corr2011.html#abs-2011-13380

Kuai Fang Ming Pan Chaopeng Shen The Value of SMAP for Long-Term Soil Moisture Estimation With the Help of Deep Learning. 2221-2233 2019 57 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2018.2872131 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q129070988 db/journals/tgrs/tgrs57.html#FangPS19

Chaopeng Shen Xiaotao Yan Qiaozhen Liu Jian Kang Yang Liu Xiaogang Zheng Xige Zhang Yuanyi Liu An FPGA Design and Implementation of 4G Network Security Algorithm Based on SNOW3G. 387-392 2019 QRS Companion https://doi.org/10.1109/QRS-C.2019.00078 conf/qrs/2019c db/conf/qrs/qrs2019c.html#ShenYLKLZZL19

Kuai Fang Chaopeng Shen Daniel Kifer Evaluating aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties of time series deep learning models for soil moisture predictions. 2019 abs/1906.04595 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04595 db/journals/corr/corr1906.html#abs-1906-04595

Dapeng Feng Kuai Fang Chaopeng Shen Enhancing streamflow forecast and extracting insights using long-short term memory networks with data integration at continental scales. 2019 abs/1912.08949 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.08949 db/journals/corr/corr1912.html#abs-1912-08949

Xinye Ji Chaopeng Shen The introspective may achieve more: Enhancing existing Geoscientific models with native-language emulated structural reflection. 32-40 2018 110 Comput. Geosci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2017.09.014 db/journals/gandc/gandc110.html#JiS18

Chaopeng Shen A trans-disciplinary review of deep learning research for water resources scientists. 2017 abs/1712.02162 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1712.02162 db/journals/corr/corr1712.html#abs-1712-02162

Jian Kang Chunxiao Zhou Weiqiang Xia Chaopeng Shen Guanglu Sun A Novel Filtering Method for Infrared Image. 48-55 2016 ICYCSEE (1) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2053-7_5 conf/icycsee/2016-1 db/conf/icycsee/icycsee2016-1.html#KangZXSS16

David Trebotich Mark F. Adams Sergi Molins Carl I. Steefel Chaopeng Shen High-Resolution Simulation of Pore-Scale Reactive Transport Processes Associated with Carbon Sequestration. 22-31 2014 16 Comput. Sci. Eng. 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2014.77 http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/MCSE.2014.77 db/journals/cse/cse16.html#TrebotichAMSS14

Chaopeng Shen Jie Niu Kuai Fang Quantifying the effects of data integration algorithms on the outcomes of a subsurface-land surface processes model. 146-161 2014 59 Environ. Model. Softw. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.05.006 db/journals/envsoft/envsoft59.html#ShenNF14

Chaopeng Shen Jing-Mei Qiu Andrew J. Christlieb Adaptive mesh refinement based on high order finite difference WENO scheme for multi-scale simulations. 3780-3802 2011 230 J. Comput. Phys. 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2011.02.008 db/journals/jcphy/jcphy230.html#ShenQC11

Ather Abbas Doaa Aboelyazeed Mark F. Adams Alison P. Appling Marco Baity-Jesi Toshiyuki Bandai Hylke E. Beck Abdolmehdi Behroozi Yuchen Bian Tadd Bindas Shaun Carney Shuyu Y. Chang Andrew J. Christlieb Martyn P. Clark Eugene E. Clothiaux Sagy Cohen Lan Cuo Dipankar Dwivedi Seyed Mohammad Hassan Erfani Da Fan Kuai Fang Matthew W. Farthing Dapeng Feng Fabrizio Fenicia David John Gagne II Pierre Gentine Zahra Ghahremani Erfan Goharian Steven J. Greybush Gaby J. Gründemann Hoshin V. Gupta Ciaran J. Harman Marvin Höge Amirmoez Jamaat Haoyu Ji Xinye Ji Jian Kang Daniel Kifer Wouter J. M. Knoben Nicholas Kraabel Praveen Kumar Kathryn Lawson Li Li Weixin Li Xin Li 0029 Jiangtao Liu Qiaozhen Liu Xiaofeng Liu Yang Liu Yuanyi Liu Srikanth Banagere Manjunatha Laura Manuel Ehab MeselheEhab A Meselhe Kimberly Van Meter Benjamin Mirus Sergi Molins Savinay Nagendra Hien Nguyen 0003 Jie Niu Wenyu Ouyang Ming Pan Te Pei Jennifer L. Pierce Jun Qin Jing-Mei Qiu Tong Qiu Christopher RackauckasChris Rackauckas Farshid Rahmani Kashif Rashid Wei Ren Tirthankar Roy John S. Schreck Yalan Song Diana Spieler Carl I. Steefel Guanglu Sun Wenjun Tang Alexandre Tartakovsky Cyril Thébault Sarah Tran David Trebotich Wen-Ping Tsai Nicolás A. Vásquez Yoshihide Wada Katie van Werkhoven Andrew W. Wood Weiqiang Xia Chonggang Xu Xiaotao Yan Kun Yang 0004 Yuan Yang Lei Ye Chi Zhang Xige Zhang Xiaogang Zheng Yi Zheng Chunxiao Zhou Fuxin Zhu