Electromagnetic induction
1. When current in a coil changes with time, how is the back emf induced in the coil related to it?
2. State the law that gives the polarity of the induced emf.
3. A long straight current carrying wire passes normally through the centre of circular loop. If the current through the
wire increases, will there be an induced emf in the loop? Justify.
4. On what factors does the magnitude of the emf induced in the circuit due to magnetic flux depend?
5. A bar magnet is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow between two coils PQ and CD. Predict the directions
of induced current in each coil.
6. The closed loop PQRS is moving into a uniform magnetic field acting at right angles to the plane of the paper as
shown. State the direction of the induced current in the loop.
7. A planar loop of rectangular shape is moved within the region of a uniform magnetic field acting perpendicular to
its plane. What is the direction and magnitude of the current induced in it?
8. A rectangular loop of wire is pulled to the right, away from the long straight wire through which a steady current I
flows upwards. What is the direction of induced current in the loop?
9. Predict the directions of induced currents in metal rings 1 and 2 lying in the same plane where current I in the wire
is increasing steadily.
10. The electric current flowing in a wire in the direction from B to A is decreasing. Find out the direction of the induced
current in the metallic loop kept above the wire as shown.
11. Two loops of different shapes are moved in the region of a uniform magnetic field pointing downward. The loops
are moved in the directions shown by arrows. What is the direction of induced current in each loop?
12. A triangular loop of wire placed at abc is moved completely inside a magnetic field which is directed normal to the
place of the loop away from the reader to a new position a′ b′ c′. What is the direction of the current induced in the
loop? Give reason.
13. A rectangular loop and a circular loop are moving out of a uniform magnetic field region to a field free region with
a constant velocity. In which loop do you expect the induced emf to be a constant during the passage out of the field
region? The field is normal to the loop.
14. Predict the polarity of the capacitor C connected to coil, which is situated between two bar magnets moving as
shown in figure.
15. A metallic rod held horizontally along east-west direction, is allowed to fall under gravity. Will there be an emf
induced at its ends? Justify your answer.
16. A rectangular conductor LMNO is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. The field is directed perpendicular to
the plane of the conductor. When the arm MN of length of 20 cm is moved towards left with a velocity of 10 ms–1.
Calculate the emf induced in the arm. Given the resistance of the arm to be 5 Ω (assuming that other arms are of
negligible resistance), find the value of the current in the arm.
17. A square loop MNOP of side 20 cm is placed horizontally in a uniform magnetic field acting vertically downwards
as shown in the figure. The loop is pulled with a constant velocity of 20 cms–1 till it goes out of the field.
(i) Depict the direction of the induced current in the loop as it goes out of the field. For how long would the current in
the loop persist?
(ii) Plot a graph showing the variation of magnetic flux and induced emf as a function of time.
18. The magnetic field through a circular loop of wire 12 cm in radius and 8.5 Ω resistance, changes with time as shown
in the figure. The magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Calculate the induced current in the loop
and plot it as a function of time.
19. (i) When primary coil P is moved towards secondary coil S (as shown in the figure below) the galvanometer shows
momentary deflection. What can be done to have larger deflection in the galvanometer with the same battery?
20. A current is induced in coil C1 due to the motion of current carrying coil C2. (a) Write any two ways by which a
large deflection can be obtained in the galvanometer G. (b) Suggest an alternative device to demonstrate the induced
current in place of a galvanometer.
21. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 H. If the current in one coil changes from 0 to 20 A in 0.5 s,
what is the change of flux linkage with the other coil?
22. A toroidal solenoid with air core has an average radius of 15 cm, area of cross-section 12 cm2 and has 1200 turns.
Calculate the self-inductance of the toroid. Assume the field to be uniform across the cross-section of the toroid.
23. A small flat search coil of area 5 cm2 with 140 closely wound turns is placed between the poles of a powerful
magnet producing magnetic field 0.09 T and then quickly removed out of the field region. Calculate
(a) change of magnetic flux through the coil, and (b) emf induced in the coil. (t = 1s)
24. A 0.5 m long solenoid of 10 turns/cm has area of cross-section 1 cm2. Calculate the voltage induced across its ends
if the current in the solenoid is changed from 1A to 2A in 0.1s.
25. (a) How is the mutual inductance of a pair of coils affected when
(i) separation between the coils is increased?
(ii) the number of turns in each coil is increased?
(iii) a thin iron sheet is placed between the two coils, other factors remaining the same? Justify your answer in each
case.
(b) A plot of magnetic flux (φ) versus current (I), is shown in the figure for two inductors A and B. Which of the two has
large value of self-inductance?
26. Two identical loops, one of copper and the other of aluminium, are rotated with the same angular speed in the
same magnetic field. Compare (i) the induced emf and (ii) the current produced in the two coils. Justify your answer.
27. A wheel with 8 metallic spokes each 50 cm long is rotated with a speed of 120 rev/min in a plane normal to the
horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field. The Earth’s magnetic field at the plane is 0.4 G and the angle of
dip is 60°. Calculate the emf induced between the axle and the rim of the wheel. How will the value of emf be affected
if the number of spokes were increased? (Take B = 0.4 G )
28. The currents flowing in the two coils of self-inductance L1=16 mH and L2=12 mH are increasing at the same rate.
If the power supplied to the two coils are equal, find the ratio of (i) induced voltages, (ii) the currents and (iii) the
energies stored in the two coils at a given instant.
29. (a) Figure shows a rectangular loop conducting PQRS in which the arm PQ is free to move. A uniform magnetic field
acts in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Arm PQ is moved with a velocity v towards the arm RS.
Assuming that the arms QR, RS and SP have negligible resistances and the moving arm PQ has the resistance r, obtain
the expression for (i) the current in the loop (ii) the force and (iii) the power required to move the arm PQ.
(b) How does one understand this motional emf by invoking the Lorentz force acting on the free charge carriers of the
conductor? Explain.
30. Figure shows planar loops of different shapes moving out of or into a region of magnetic field which is directed
normal to the plane of loops downwards. Determine the direction of induced current in each loop using Lenz’s law.
31. Use Lenz’s law to determine the direction of induced current in the situation described by following figs.
(a) A wire of irregular shape turning into a circular shape.
(b) A circular loop being deformed into a narrow straight wire.
32. A conducting rod of length ‘l’, with one end pivoted, is rotated with a uniform angular speed ‘ω’ in a vertical plane,
normal to a uniform magnetic field ‘B’. Deduce an expression for the emf induced in this rod.
33. The current flowing through an inductor of self inductance L is continuously increasing. Plot a graph showing the
variation of (i) Magnetic flux versus the current (ii) Induced emf versus dI/dt (iii) Magnetic potential energy stored
versus the current.
34. Figure shows a rectangular conductor PQRS in which the conductor PQ is free to move in a uniform magnetic field
B perpendicular to the plane of the paper. The field extends from x = 0 to x = b and is zero for x > b. Assume that only
the arm PQ possesses resistance r. When the arm PQ is pulled outward from x = 0 to x = 2b and is then moved backward
to x =0 with constant speed v, obtain the expressions for the flux and the induced emf. Sketch the variations of these
quantities with distance 0 ≤ x ≤ 2b.
