MULTIMEDIA

UNIT-2

� BEFORE YOU START TO CREATE (Multimedia)

Multimedia project create panna start panna munnadiye sila important vishayangalai plan
pannina, project professional-ah, clean-ah, effective-ah irukkum.
Itha thaan “Before You Start to Create” nu sollraanga.
Ithula book-la irukura main subtopics:

1⃣ Plan Your Approach

Book idea (simple explanation):
 Nee ready-made templates use pannalaam
 Illatti already someone create pannina clip art / objects use pannalaam
 Illatti vera project oda look & feel-a base pannalaam

� Eppadi start pannalum, oru starting point irukkum.

Main point:
Page clean-ah irukkanum
 Screen-la romba over design, color, text irukka koodathu
 Simple, neat-ah irukkanum
Important concept:
Design start panna munnadiye
 Nalla thinking
 Proper planning
 Mind-la or paper-la rough design
Yenna sollraanga?
 Direct-ah computer open pannitu design panna koodathu
 First:
o Idea think pannu
o Layout decide pannu
o Color, font, navigation plan pannu
Extra note (book-la irukura idea):
  Fresh screen-la without planning start panna wrong decisions varum
 Athunaala foresight & preparation romba mukkiyam

� Summary:
Plan pannama design panna kudathu. First think, then create.

2⃣ Organize Your Tools

Book meaning (simple-ah):
Most multimedia authoring systems (software) already tools kudukkum:
 Text
 Buttons
 Vector drawings
 Bitmaps (images)

� Ellam direct-ah screen-la create pannalaam

If tool illa na?

 Authoring system-la illa na
 Vera application-lendhu import pannalaam
Example:
 Photoshop-la image create pannitu import
 Illustrator-la vector create pannitu import

Animation & Motion video:

 Animated objects / motion video work panna
 Software-la:
o Programming language
o Special functions
irukkum

Special effects library:

Usually irukkum:
  Zoom
 Wipe
 Dissolve
 Fade
Ithula romba use pannuvaanga.

Important designer habit:

 Multimedia designers single software-la mattum depend pannama
 Different tools use pannuvaanga
Example:
 Image editing – different tool
 Audio editing – different tool
 Video editing – different tool

� Summary:
Right tools collect pannitu, organize pannina work fast & quality-ah nadakkum.

3⃣ Multiple Monitors
Book idea (easy explanation):
Multimedia develop pannum pothu:
 One monitor-vida
 Two monitors iruntha romba helpful

Yen?
 One monitor-la:
o Full-screen project / presentation
 Innoru monitor-la:
o Tools
o Menus
o Editing windows
Special mention:
Especially authoring systems-ku (example idea):
 Editing panna changes
 Immediate-ah presentation window-la theriyum

Editing time-la problem:

 Cutting
 Pasting
 Different windows open pannum pothu

� Extra monitor iruntha:

 Ella windows-um open panni
 Easy-ah manage pannalaam

Long-term benefit:
 Repeated-ah windows open/close panna vendam
 Time save aagum
 Productivity increase aagum
Book-la sollra idea:
Second monitor romba simple-ah irunthaalum (black & white kooda) pothum
Commands, menus, tools use panna help aagum

� Summary:
Multiple monitors = Fast work + Less confusion + Better editing

� Overall One-Line Summary (Exam-ku super useful):

Before You Start to Create means:

 ✔ Proper planning

 ✔ Right tools organize pannrathu

 ✔ Work easy-ah nadakka multiple monitors use pannrathu

Ithalam follow pannina multimedia project:
� Clean
� Professional
� Effective

� Objective
Intha unit-la namma padikkaporathu:
 Still Images
 Bitmap
 Vector Image
 3D Drawing and Rendering
 Colors

� Iva ellame multimedia project-la images & visuals eppadi create pannrathu, handle
pannrathu nu explain pannum.

� Still Images
 Still images na movement illaatha images.
 Ava:
o Small size-ah irukkalam
o Large size-ah irukkalam
o Full screen-ah kooda irukkalam
 Colored-ah irukkalam
 Screen-la random place-la place pannalam
 Proper geometric shape (square, rectangle)
 Odd shape-um irukkalam
Examples:
 Snow irukkura hill-la oru single tree
 Gray / marble background-la text boxes
 Engineering drawing
 Oru car snapshot (BMW photo)

� Shape, size, style ellam different, aana ellam still images thaan.
� Making Still Images
 Still images eppadi irunthalum,
 Computer-la 2 ways-la generate aagum:

1⃣ Bitmaps (Paint Graphics)

2⃣ Vector-drawn Graphics

� Making Still Images (cont.)

 Bitmaps → Raster images nu kooda solluvaanga
 Bitmap editors → Painting programs
 Vector images editors → Drawing programs

� Name different, concept same.

� Bitmaps
 Bit na digital world-la romba chinna unit
 Bit =
o ON / OFF
o Black / White
o 1/0

� Ithukku Binary system nu solluvaanga

(2 states mattum thaan irukkum)

� Bitmaps (cont.)
 Map na → 2D (two-dimensional) matrix
 Bitmap na:
o Chinna chinna dots (pixels)
o Matrix format-la arrange panninathu
 Screen-la display panna
 Or print panna use pannuvaanga

� Image = pixels oda collection

� Bitmap Sources
Bitmap eppadi create pannalam?

1⃣ Scratch-la create pannalam

 Paint / drawing program use panni

2⃣ Screen capture
 Active computer screen-la irukkura image-a capture
 Paint program-la paste pannalam

3⃣ Scanner use panni

 Photo
 Artwork
→ Digital image-ah convert pannalam
Bitmap use panna mudiyum:
 Copy
 Edit
 Email
 Creative work

✏ Vector Drawing
 Multimedia authoring systems-la:
o Lines
o Rectangles
o Circles
o Ovals
o Polygons
o Text
ellam vector-drawn objects use pannuvaanga.
 CAD programs:
o Architects
o Engineers
use pannuvaanga
� Highly complex & geometric drawings-kku vector best.

✏ Vector Drawing (cont.)

 Print media graphic designers:
o Vector images use pannuvaanga
 Reason:
o Zoom panninaalum jaggies (rough edges) varathu
 Printer high resolution use pannum
 PDF maathiri page description formats use pannuvaanga
 3D animation programs-um vector graphics use pannum

� How Vector Drawing Works

 Vector = oru line
 Line define pannrathu:
o Two endpoints location use panni
 Cartesian coordinates use pannuvaanga
o x-axis → width
o y-axis → height

� Oru point = (x, y)

� How Vector Drawing Works (cont.)

 Coordinates order always:
o x, y
 3D space-la:
o Third dimension → z (depth)
 Point = (x, y, z)

� 3-D Drawing and Rendering

 2D surface-la 3D draw pannrathu:
o Skill
 o Practice
romba thevai
 2D designers-kku:
o 3D concepts konjam difficult

� 3-D Drawing and Rendering (cont.)

 3D-la:
o Depth (z dimension)
o Correct perspective
important

� Eye-kku correct-ah theriyanum

� 3-D Drawing and Rendering (cont.)

 3D scene display panna:
o Romba information thevai
 Scene-la:
o Objects
 Objects-la:
o Cubes
o Spheres
o Cylinders
o Cones

� Ellam mathematical formulas use panni define pannuvaanga

� Color
 Color = multimedia-oda romba important part
 Color na:
o Light wave oda frequency
 Human eye respond pannra
o Electromagnetic spectrum-la small band
ROY G. BIV:
  Red
 Orange
 Yellow
 Green
 Blue
 Indigo
 Violet

� Visible light spectrum colors

� Computerized Color
 Human eye sensitive to:
o Red
o Green
o Blue
 Intha 3 colors mix pannina:
o Matha colors ellam create pannalam

� RGB concept

➕ Additive Color
 Additive color method-la:
o Light combine pannuvaanga
 Primary colors:
o Red
o Green
o Blue (RGB)
 Use pannra devices:
o CRT
o LCD
o Plasma displays
➖ Subtractive Color
 Subtractive color method-la:
o Paint / Ink use pannuvaanga
 Colors:
o Light absorb pannum
o Remaining light reflect pannum
 Use pannrathu:
o Printing process

� Image File Formats

 Common formats:
o JPEG
o GIF
o PNG
o TIFF
 PICT:
o Old Macintosh format
o Bitmap + Vector both support
 BMP / DIB:
o Windows image format
o Palette-based
o PNG-ku similar

� Digital Audio
 Digital audio:
o Sound wave-a numbers-la represent pannrathu
 Itha:
o Digitizing nu solluvaanga
Sound sources:
 Microphone
  Synthesizer
 Old recordings
 Radio
 TV
 CD / DVD

� Any natural or recorded sound digitize pannalam

� Making Digital Audio Files

 Digital audio create pannrathu easy
 Steps:
o Microphone computer microphone jack-la connect pannu
 Analog sound digitize panna:
o Music
o Sound effects (tape-la iruntha)

� Source device “Line-Out” → Computer “Line-In” connect pannu

✅ Final Exam Tip (One Line):

Multimedia-la visuals (still images, bitmap, vector, 3D, color) and audio correct-ah use
panninaal thaan project successful aagum.

� CHAPTER: IMAGES – DETAILED EXPLANATION

� 1. Traditional Artwork vs Computer Graphics

Book la first solradhu:

� Computer la direct mouse use panni draw panna try pannra designers romba per mistake
panraanga.
Instead:

✔ Watercolors
✔ Pastels
✔ Crayons
✔ Pencil drawings
Iva ellam traditional method la create panni
� Apram scan panni computer la edit panna sollraanga.
Theory:
 Mouse la detailed drawing panna kashtam
 Pencil use panna faster & better quality kidaikkum
 Scan panni pixel level tweak pannalam

� Conclusion: Computer graphics na mouse la mattum draw panna vendiyathu illa.

Traditional art + digital edit combination best.

� 2. Vector Drawing
Definition:
Most multimedia authoring systems use vector-drawn objects.
Vector objects examples:
 Lines
 Rectangles
 Ovals
 Polygons
 Text

� CAD Programs and Vector

CAD (Computer Aided Design) programs use vector graphics.
Used by:
 Architects
 Engineers
Reason:
 Highly complex geometric designs create panna easy
 Mathematical precision irukkum

� Print Media Designers Use Vector

Graphic artists vector use panraanga because:
� Same math formula screen la rectangle draw panna use aagudhu
� Adhe formula printer la high resolution la jaggies illaama print panna help pannum

� Page description language example:

PostScript
Meaning:
Vector graphics scale panna quality loss aagathu.

� 3D Animation also Uses Vector

3D animation programs:
 Position change
 Rotation
 Shading
 Lighting
Iva ellam mathematically calculate pannum.

� Example: Logo spin panna every frame calculation math based.

� 3. How Vector Drawing Works

Important Theory:
Vector objects bitmap vida romba kammi memory use pannum.

� Example Given:
RECT 0,0,200,200
Meaning:
 Start point: (0,0) – upper left corner
 Width: 200 pixels
 Height: 200 pixels

� So square draw aagum.

� With Colors:
RECT 0,0,200,200,RED,BLUE
Meaning:
  Border color: Red
 Fill color: Blue
Software automatically square draw pannum.

Theory:
Vector = Mathematical formula
Bitmap = Pixel by pixel storage

� 4. Vector vs Bitmap Memory Comparison

Book la clear ah calculation kuduthirukku.
Vector:
Less than 30 bytes
Bitmap (200x200 square):
Black & white:
200 × 200 / 8 = 5000 bytes
256 color:
200 × 200 / 8 × 8 = 40,000 bytes (40K)

� Huge difference.

� Performance Issue
If screen la 500 vector objects irundha:
 Computer each object calculate panna time edukkum
 Screen refresh slow aagalam
So sometimes:

� Complicated image ku single bitmap use panna faster.

(Book la tip ah kuduthirukanga.)

� 5. Converting Between Bitmap and Drawn Images

Case 1: Vector → Bitmap
Easy.
Drawing save pannum pothu bitmap format la convert pannalam.
Case 2: Bitmap → Vector
Difficult.
But tools irukku:
 Image shape detect pannum
 Color boundaries detect pannum
 Polygon objects create pannum
This process name:

� Autotracing
Available in some authoring systems and special packages.

� 6. 3D Drawing and Rendering

Concept:
2D screen la 3D object draw panna romba skill venum.
Software help pannum:
 Directional lighting
 Special effects
 Perspective correction
But:

� Learning curve steep irukkum.

Practice romba mukkiyam.

� 7. Multimedia Production Standards

1980s ku apram:
 Production quality increase aagiduchu
 Audience expectations increase aagiduchu
Example comparison:
High jump competition maari:
Every new project previous project vida better irukkanum.
� 8. 3D Software Examples
Book la mention pannirukanga:
 Ray Dream Designer
 Caligari True Space 2
 Autodesk 3D Studio MAX
 Specular Infini-D
 Macromedia Extreme 3D
Iva ellam:

✔ Illustration
✔ Animation
✔ Multimedia production
Ku essential tools.

� 9. Concepts Behind 3D Modeling

2D screen la:
 X axis = width
 Y axis = height
But 3D la:
 Z axis = depth
So cube or sphere draw panna:

� Depth calculate pannum

� Perspective correct ah render pannum
So eye ku realistic ah theriyanum.

� Important Core Theory Summary

1. Vector graphics = Mathematical description
2. Bitmap = Pixel storage
3. Vector memory usage kammi
4. Bitmap sometimes faster for complex scenes
5. Autotracing = Bitmap to vector conversion
6. 3D modeling needs perspective + depth calculation
 7. Multimedia standards continuously increasing

� Final Understanding
Indha full section mainly sollrathu:

� Vector vs Bitmap difference

� Memory usage difference
� Performance difference
� Conversion methods
� 3D modeling concept
� Industry production expectati

Animation File Formats

na enna-na → Animation (moving graphics / motion images) save panna use panra special
file formats. Ithu 2D, 3D, cartoon, web animation, movie animation ellam store panna use
aagum.
Ippo important animation file formats ah detailed ah paapom:

1) GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

Type: 2D Animation
Use: Web animation
Features:
 Frame-by-frame animation support pannum
 256 colors limit
 Small size files
 Browser la direct ah run aagum
Advantages:
 Simple animation ku best
 Social media la use pannuvanga
Disadvantages:
 High quality illa
 Color limitation irukku

� Example: Meme animations, small website animations

2) SWF (Shockwave Flash)
Developed by: Adobe Inc.
Use: Web based interactive animation & games
Features:
 Vector animation
 Interactive buttons, sound support
 Small file size
Disadvantages:
 Flash player support ippo mostly discontinued

� Old website games & animations la use pannanga

3) FLA
Use: Editing format for Flash
 Ithu editable project file
 SWF create panna base file
 Designer modify panna use pannuvanga

4) MP4
Type: Video-based animation format
Features:
 High quality
 Audio + Video support
 Highly compressed

� Cartoon videos, YouTube animations use pannuvanga

5) AVI
Developed by: Microsoft
 High quality video
 Large file size
 Professional animation output
6) MOV
Developed by: Apple Inc.
 High quality
 Used in film editing
 Mac systems la common

7) WMV
Developed by: Microsoft
 Good compression
 Windows friendly format

8) WebM
Developed by: Google
 Open-source
 Web streaming ku best
 HTML5 support

2D vs 3D Animation Formats
2D Animation Formats:
 GIF
 SWF
 MP4
3D Animation Formats:
 MP4
 AVI
 MOV
 WebM

Simple Comparison Table

Format Quality Size Best Use

GIF Low Small Simple Web Animation

SWF Medium Small Old Web Games

MP4 High Medium Videos

AVI Very High Large Professional

MOV Very High Large Film Editing

WebM High Small Web Streaming

short form abbrivation

Here are the short forms (abbreviations) of common Animation File Formats:
 GIF – Graphics Interchange Format
 SWF – Shockwave Flash
 FLA – Flash Authoring File
 MP4 – MPEG-4 Part 14
 AVI – Audio Video Interleave
 MOV – QuickTime Movie
 WMV – Windows Media Video
 WebM – Web Media