Power BI Interview Questions

Power BI Interview Questions:

1) What is Power BI Desktop?
A) Power BI Desktop is an open-source application designed and developed by Microsoft. Power BI Desktop
will allow users to connect to, transform, and visualize your data with ease. Power BI Desktop lets users build
visuals and collections of visuals that can be shared as reports with your colleagues or your clients in your
organization.
2)What is Power Pivot?
A) Power Pivot is an add-on provided by Microsoft for Excel since 2010. Power Pivot was designed to extend
the analytical capabilities and services of Microsoft Excel.
3) What is a Power Query?
A) Power Query is a business intelligence tool designed by Microsoft for Excel. Power Query allows you to
import data from various data sources and will enable you to clean, transform and reshape your data as per the
requirements. Power Query allows you to write your query once and then run it with a simple refresh.
4) What are the components of Power Bi?
A) Components of Power BI are
1. Power query:- In power query we are able to do transformations like changing data types, deleting duplicates
etc.
2. Power pivot :- In Power pivot will do modeling and will connect to different sources and also can view the
data.
3. Power view:- In Power view we are able to generate the visuals.
4. Power Map:- Lets you create a geospatial representation of your data.
5. Power Q & A:- Lets you use natural language to get answers to a query.
5) What are the building blocks of Power BI?
A) Following are the building blocks of power BI
1. Visualization:- Visualization is a chart, graphs or similar visual representation of data.
2. Dataset:- A dataset is the group of data used to create a visualization, such as a column of sales figures.
Dataset can be combine and filtered from different source using built in connectors
3. Reports:- A report is a group of visualization on one or more pages 4. Dashboard:- Dashboard is a collection
of tiles.
5. Tile:- Tile is single visual pin from report.
6) Name some Commonly used tasks in the query editor?
1. Connect to data
2. Group rows
3. Pivot columns
4. Create custom columns
5. Query formulas
7) What are Power BI services?
A) Power BI services is a cloud based business analytics service that enables anyone to visualize and data
analysis will generate speed, efficiency and understanding. It will give a single view of your most critical data.
Power BI supports a wide range of data sources. Power BI has several components that help users create and
share data reports.
8) Name three important Power BI tools?
A) Three important power BI tool are:
 Power BI Desktop—It is used for desktop computers
 Power BI service—It is an online software as a service tool
 Mobile Power BI apps—They are used for iOS and Android devices.
9) List the different types of views in Power Bi Desktop
A) There are three different views in Power BI, each of which serves a different purpose.
Report View: Users can add visualizations and additional report pages and publish the same on the portal from
here.
Data View: Data shaping can be performed through Query Editor tools.
Relationship View: Users can manage relationships between datasets in this view.
10) What data sources can Power BI connect to?
The list of data sources for Power BI is extensive, but it can be grouped into the following:
• Files: Data can be imported from Excel (.xlsx, xlxm), Power BI Desktop files (.pbix) and Comma Separated
Value (.csv).

 Content Packs: It is a collection of related documents or files that are stored as a group. In Power BI,
there are two types of content packs, firstly those from services providers like Google Analytics,
Marketo or Salesforce and secondly those created and shared by other users in your organization.
 Connectors to databases and other datasets such as Azure SQL, Database and SQL, Server Analysis
Services tabular data, etc.
11) What are the important features of the Power BI dashboard?
A) It allows you to drill through the page, bookmarks, and selection pane. It allows you to create various tiles
like web content, images, textbox, and integrate URLs. Allows you to set the report layout to mobile view.
12) What is a Bookmark in PowerBI?
A) Bookmark in Power BI helps you to capture the configured view of a report page in a specific time. This
includes a filter and state of visual which can use a shortcut to come back to the report that you can add as a
bookmark.
13) How many records can we see on the power bi desktop?
A) 1 Million
14) How does the ‘Get Data’ icon help us in Power BI?
A) When users click on the Get Data icon in Power BI, a drop-down menu appears and it shows all data sources
from which data can be ingested. Data can actually be directly ingested from any source including files in
Excel, CSV, XML, JSON, PDF, and SharePoint formats and databases such as SQL, Access, SQL Server
Analysis Services, Oracle, IBM, MySQL, and much more. Also, Power BI datasets and Power BI data flows are
compatible. Data can also be taken in from Azure and other online sources.
Dax: Data Analysis Expression
15) What does the DATEDIFF function do?
A) This function gives a difference between 2 dates based on the specified Date part.
16) What are the data types of Dax?
A) Data types of Dax are:
• Numeric
• Boolean
• DateTime
• String
• Decimal
17) What is a Relationship? How many types of relationships?
 When you import multiple tables, you are going to do some analysis using data from all those tables.
 Relationships between those tables are necessary in order to accurately calculate results and display the
correct information in your reports.
 Power BI desktop makes creating those relationships easy. The auto
detect feature can do it for you.
 If you query two or more table at the sometime, when the data is
loaded, power bi desktop attempts to find and create relationship for
you.
 Cardinality, cross filter direction and active properties are automatically set
Types of Relationships
1. ActiveRelationship.
2. De-activeRelationship.
Active Relationship:-
This means the relationship service as the active, default relationship. Where there is more than one relationship
provides a way of power bi desktop to automatically create visualizations that include both tables.
18) What is Cardinality?
A) :- The cardinality of the relationship means having unique or multiple instances per value for the joining field
between two tables.
Cardinality defined by the relationship. Cardinality refers to the relationship between two tables. Cardinality can
be of 3 types
1. Many to One
2. One to Many
3. Many to Many
The cardinality refers to the uniqueness of columns in a table. The columns with all unique values would be
having the high cardinality and the columns with all duplicates values would be having the low cardinality.
19) What is the DAX function?
A) It is a formula expression language called (DAX) that can be used with various visualization tools like
Power BI. It is also known as a functional language, where the full code is kept inside a function.
20) Explain DATEADD function in Power BI.
A) DATEDD function helps you to convert any input to a date format. This input can number, string, or a data
type input.
21) State the difference between Count and CountD function.
A) Count function returns to count, excluding NULL values whereas Countd returns distinct values which
exclude NULL values.
22) Can we delete the report/dataset from workspace?
A) Yes, Once the app get published we cannot delete it unless we unpublish the app.
23) What is the use of statewith function?
A) This function returns the logical answers TRUE if the sub-string is the starting string for the superstring. If it
is not, it will return false.
24) What is the use of the INDEX Function in Power BI?
A) INDEX function helps you to retrieve the index of the respective row.
25) What is the main difference between LTRIM and RTRIM?
A) LTRIM function helps you to remove the white space from the LEFT of the string. RTRIM helps you to
remove it from the right the last index.
26) What is a Calculated Column?
A) It is a calculating expression of DAX which allows calculation on data stored in a new column.
27)What is DAX? To do basic calculation and data analysis on data in
power pivot, we use Data Analysis Expression (DAX). It isformula language used to compute calculated column and
calculated field.
  DAX works on column values.
 DAX can not modify or insert data.
 We can create calculated column and measures with DAX but we can not calculate rows using DAX.
Sample DAX formula syntax: For the measure named Total Sales, calculate (=) the SUM of values in the
[SalesAmount]
column in the Sales table.
28) State the major differences between MAX and MAXA functions
If you want to calculate numeric values, then use MAX. However, if it is for non-numeric values, then you
should use MAXA.
29) What is special or unique about the CALCULATE and CALCULATETABLE functions?
These are the only functions that allow you modify the filter context of measures or tables.

 Add to existing filter context of queries.

 Override filter context from queries.
 Remove existing filter context from queries.
Limitations:
 Filter parameters can only operate on a single column at a time.
 Filter parameters cannot reference a metric.
30) What are Reports?
A) A power BI report is a series of visualizations, filters and static elements on a canvas. Power BI reports are
saved as a single PBIX file and connect it to a single dataset.
31) Difference between Sum & Sumx?
Both SUM and SUMX are Aggregate Functions where:
SUM works on a Single Column vs SUMX can take the Table as Input SUMX has row-context whereas SUM
doesn’t have SUMX is an iterative Function whereas SUM is not.
32). What is the CORR function? When do we use it?
CORR is a correlation function. It gives a correlation between two variables. It mostly ranges from -1 to 1.
33) How is the FILTER function used?
The FILTER function returns a table with a filter condition applied for each of its source table rows. The
FILTER function is rarely used in isolation, it’s generally used as a parameter to other functions such as
CALCULATE.
FILTER is an iterator and thus can negatively impact performance over large source tables.
Complex filtering logic can be applied such as referencing a measure in a filter expression.
FILTER(MyTable,[SalesMetric] > 500)
34) What does the STARTSWITH function do?
The STARTSWITH function returns the logical answers in a way, TRUE if the substring is the starting string
for super-string. FALSE if not so.
35) How can you apply percentile function in Power BI?
A) PERCENTILE function allows you to return the data value of the specific percentile number.
36) How can you differentiate COVAR and COVARP?
The main difference between the two is that: COVAR directly gives the same covariance, whereas COVARP is
the population covariance.
37) How to achieve Dynamic Top N Customers?
Dynamic Top N will be achieved with RANKX Function and What-if Parameter.
38) State the main difference between Distinct() and Values() in DAX?
The only difference between two functions is that Distinct helps you to calculate the null values.
39) What is the difference between VAR and VARP?

A) VAR is the variance formula for population(👎). VARP is the function of variance for sample(n-1).
40) What are the prerequisites for Time Intelligence?
A) The main prerequisite is you need a date table, more specifically, a continuous date table with a whole range
of dates
(no breaks in the dates). That way you can calculate over that continuous line. You can build that date table
using the
M language in the Power Query Editor, use DAX or if you already have one in your model or data source you
can bring it into Power BI.
The second element you need is to define the relationship with the date table and the other appropriate tables.
Remember all dates should be present without exception and you need a proper relationship for time
intelligence to function the way you intend it to.
41) What is the difference between VAR and VARP

A) VAR is the variance formula for population(👎). VARP is the function of variance for sample(n-1).
42) What is the IFNULL function?
A) If the value is not NULL iFNULL function result is the first expression, if it is not, then it will return the
second expression.
43) What are the most common DAX Functions used?
A) Below are some of the most commonly used DAX function:
SUM, MIN, MAX, AVG, COUNTROWS, DISTINCTCOUNT
IF, AND, OR, SWITCH
ISBLANK, ISFILTERED, ISCROSSFILTERED
VALUES, ALL, FILTER, CALCULATE,
UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT, NATURALINNERJOIN,
NATURALLEFTEROUTERJOIN,SUMMARIZECOLUMNS, ISEMPTY,
VAR (Variables)
GEOMEAN, MEDIAN, DATEDIFF
44) What does the RUNNING_AVG function do?
A) RUNNING_AVG function gives the average value to all the cells/pane/region processed for. It works to
give the
average by making all those inclusive values accordingly.
45) What is the difference between Calculated Columns, Calculated Tables, and Measures?
A)Calculated Columns
Added to tables by applying DAX formula on the existing data.
DAX formula defines values in new columns rather than querying data sources.
Useful when data sources do not contain data presented in the desired format.
Calculated Tables
Created using DAX formula to define values.
Created in both Report and Data views.
Work well for intermediate calculations and the data that users want to be stored in the model.
Measures
Use other DAX functions to create complex calculations.
Used for highlighting running totals, comparing sales, sales forecasting, and other purposes.
Created in both Report and Data views.
46) Suppose there are two tables and I have to put them one below the other. Can we do it in Power bi? If
yes, then what is the query used?
A) We need to use the Append Queries option in Power Query Editor. If you want to append the 2 tables in
Power BI Desktop,
we need to use DAX Function UNION by creating a new table by clicking New Table.
47) How would you create trailing X month metrics via DAX against a non-standard calendar?
A) The solution will involve:
CALCULATE function to control (take over) filter context of measures.
ALL to remove existing filters on the date dimension.
FILTER to identify which rows of the date dimension to use.
Alternatively, CONTAINS may be used:
• CALCULATE(FILTER(ALL(‘DATE’),.......))
48) How to Calculate MTD, WTD, and YTD in Power BI?
A) We can use DAX Formulas to find MTD, YTD and WTD as given below:
YTDSales = CALCULATE(Sum(Sales[SalesProduct]),YEAR(Sales[CreatedDate])=YEAR(TODAY()))
MTDSales = CALCULATE(sum(Sales[SalesProduct]),MONTH(Sales[CreatedDate])=MONTH(TODAY()))
WTDSales =
CALCULATE(sum(Sales[SalesProduct]),WEEKNUM(Sales[CreatedDate])=WEEKNUM(TODAY()))
49) What is the difference between Values() and Distinct() in DAX?
Both are used to do the same function of calculating values; the only difference is DISTINCT () can calculate
null values as well.
50) What is Power Pivot?
A) Power Pivot is an add-in for Microsoft Excel 2010 that enables you to import millions of rows of data from
multiple data sources into a single Excel workbook. It lets you create relationships between heterogeneous data,
create calculated columns and measures using formulas, build PivotTables and PivotCharts. You can then
further analyze the data so that you can make timely business decisions without requiring IT assistance.
51) What are some of the differences in data modeling between Power BI Desktop and Power Pivot for
Excel?
Here are some of the differences
• Power BI Desktop supports bi-directional cross filtering relationships, security, calculated tables, and Direct
Query options.
• Power Pivot for Excel has single direction (one to many) relationships, calculated columns only, and supports
import mode only. Security roles cannot be defined in Power Pivot for Excel.
52) What is a Power Query?
Power query is a ETL Tool used to shape, clean and transform data using intuitive interfaces without having to
use coding. It helps the user to:
Import Data from a wide range of sources from files, databases, big data, social media data, etc.
Join and append data from multiple data sources.
Shape data as per requirement by removing and adding data.
53) Which language is used in Power Query?
A) A new programming language is used in power query called M-Code. It is easy to use and similar to other
languages. M-code is case sensitive language.
54) Can SQL and Power Query/Query Editor be used together?
A) Yes, a SQL statement can be defined as the source of a Power Query/M function for additional
processing/logic. This
would be a good practice to ensure that an efficient database query is passed to the source and avoid
unnecessary processing and complexity by the client machine and M function.

55) What is the need for Power Query when Power Pivot can import data from mostly used sources?
A) Power Query is a self-service ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) tool which runs as an Excel add-in. It allows
users to pull data from various sources, manipulate said data into a form that suits their needs and load it into
Excel. It is most optimum to use Power Query over Power Pivot as it lets you not only load the data but also
manipulate it as per the users needs while loading.
56) What is the usage of Power Map?
A) Power Map is an Excel add-in that provides you with a powerful set of tools to help you visualize and gain
insight into large sets of data that have a geo-coded component. It can help you produce 3D visualizations by
plotting a million data points in the form of column, heat, and bubble maps on top of a Bing map. If the data is
time stamped, it can also produce interactive views that display how the data changes over space and time.
Behavioral Questions:
57) Tell me about your educational background and the business intelligence analysis field you’re
experienced in.
A) How to Answer
A business intelligence analyst can concentrate on various industries, such as finance, economics, IT, statistics,
manufacturing, and more. Share with the interviewer which area you specialized in while obtaining your
university degree, and briefly outline where your career journey has taken you so far. Make sure to demonstrate
a keen interest in the company’s industry or business sphere.
58) Specify two important chart types in your BI analyst arsenal. Why do you find them important?
A) Answer Example
“The two types of charts I use most often are area charts and bar charts. In my role as BI analyst, area charts
have helped me display where a specific trend is headed in the future, which, in turn, makes planning easier.
Bar charts, on the other hand, can show clearly which products are most popular among customers or display
the number of unique visitors on a landing page based on various criteria.”
59) What specific technical skills do you have as a BI analyst?
A) Answer Example
“As a data BI analyst, I’ve been exposed to data mining and big data software, such as LIONsolver and Oracle.
I’m highly skilled in Microsoft Excel which I use for data modeling and Power BI where I create rich visuals
and client presentations.”
Scenario Based:
60) We are using Power BI Desktop Currently. In the next 5-6 months, we are planning to have Azure
Analysis Services. We have Oracle Servers in our Company. We have to create a data model in Power BI
Desktop so that once we have AAS in place we can reuse whatever development we do. We have a huge
volume of data in many tables. Answer the following questions:
Question: Shall we use the Import method or Direct Query Method for our development if we have all
the tables in Oracle Server?
• Depends on what "Huge Volume" means. Import will be faster, and give you the most flexibility in utilizing
any ETL actions in the Query Editor in PBI. Direct Query is going to be slower and much of your ETL will
need to be done on the DB side. You may have to do this if either the processing of the Power BI file takes too
long, or gets to large.
Question: What should we do to share our report with the users within our organization? If we use the import
method, the secured data would be pushed to the cloud which we don't want currently as we don't have a license
yet.
• If you can't push data to the cloud, then you are stuck using Direct Query which will keep your data on
premises. Any sort of sharing in Power BI will require a Pro license.
Question: If we use the Direct Query method, we need to create a Personal Gateway to connect to the database
so that we can see data in the reports.
• I would install the "normal" gateway (Enterprise) instead of personal. Personal is tied directly to one account,
the Enterprise one is what you want to set up.
Question: There are some limitations in the Direct Query Method e.g. Merge Two columns not supported in
Direct Query. If there are many limitations in the Direct Query approach, is it worth doing the development
using this approach?
• It wouldn't be wasted development as the source for your AAS model in the future could use the same source
information instead of doing that in Power Query
Question: Is it safe if we publish the data model to the service and have on premise personal gateway to
connect to db? Because I am putting tns entry of my database on services.
• Both gateways are secure... I'd still recommend not using the personal gateway. The other option allows more
than one person to manage the gateway.
61) What are the three Edit Interactions options of a visual tile in Power BI Desktop?
The 3 edit interaction options are Filter, Highlight, and None.
Filter: It completely filters a visual/tile based on the filter selection of another visual/tile. Highlight: It highlights
only the related elements on the visual/tile, gray out the non-related items.
None: It ignores the filter selection from another tile/visual.
62) What are many-to-many relationships and how can they be addressed in Power BI ?
Many to Many relationships involve a bridge or junction table reflecting the combinations of two dimensions
(e.g. doctors and patients). Either all possible combinations or those combinations that have occurred.
Bi-Directional Cross Filtering relationships can be used in PBIX.
CROSSFILTER function can be used in Power Pivot for Excel.
DAX can be used per metric to check and optionally modify the filter context.
63) How to apply information security in Power BI reports? ↑
A DAX look can be valuable on a table sifting its lines at question time. Dynamic security includes the
utilization of USERNAME works in security job definition. Typically a table is made in the model that relates
clients to explicit measurements and a job.
64) What are the types of Joins? ↑
65) We have Six types of Joins in Power BI which we use it in Power Query Editor:
Inner Join Left Outer Join Right Outer Join Full Outer Join Left Anti Right Anti Inner Join: If we want only the
matching records from both the tables then will use Inner join/Simple join
Left Outer Join: If we want all the records from the left table and only matching records from the right table
then will use left Outer join/left join.
Right Outer Join: If we want to display all the records from the right table and only matching records from the
left table then will Right Outer join/Right Join.

Full Outer Join: If we want display all the records from both the tables then will use Full Outer Join Left Anti:
Displays only the mismatched records from Left Table
Right Anti: Displays only the mismatched records from the Right Table.
66) How do you bring data from SQL Server to Power BI?
A) Step 1: Click on Get Data in Power BI Desktop
Step 2: Select SQL Server from the list
Step 3: Fill the Details of the
Server and Database
Step 4: Click on Import or Direct Query based on the Requirement.
67) If you click on a single data-point in one of the multiple visuals in a report, does it make any
difference?
A) Yes, it makes a difference. When we click on a single data-point, the data gets selected and copied to the
dashboard.
The copied data can be pasted then anywhere according to the requirement of the users.
68) How can you compare Target and Actual Value from a Power BI report?
A) You need to use a Gauge chart to compare two different measures.
69) What is the Power BI Publisher for Excel?
A) You can use the Power BI publisher for Excel to pin ranges, pivot tables and charts to Power BI.
The user can manage the tiles – refresh them, remove them, in Excel.

Pinned items must be removed from the dashboard in the service (removing in Excel only deletes the
connection).
The Power BI Publisher for Excel can also be used to connect from Excel to datasets that are hosted in the
Power BI Service.
An Excel pivot table is generated with a connection (ODC file) to the data in Azure.
The Publisher installs all necessary drivers on local machines to establish connectivity.
70) How can you download excel files which have millions of records from a Power BI report?
A) To download large extracts of data, we can host the excel file to a share point, which will generate a .xlsx
link, which can be embedded to “Text” or “Button”. On clicking on the Text link or Button. The excel file gets
downloaded directly which is hosted in share point or some other base location.
71) How is data security implemented in Power BI ?
Power BI can apply Row Level Security roles to models.
A DAX expression is applied on a table filtering its rows at query time.

Dynamic security involves the use of USERNAME functions in security role definitions.
Typically a table is created in the model that relates users to specific dimensions and a role
72) How do you hide and unhide a specific report in Power BI?
We have to go to the Selection Pane in the menu bar and hide/unhide the report and the action can be passed to
the bookmark.
73) What is Embedded Code?
A) Power BI online contains an option for publishing on the web that will generate a link address for the Power
BI report. You can share these links to others, which is called embed code.
74) How do we create a dashboard?
A) First upload a dataset and then upload the same, create multiple reports and infuse everything together as an
appealing dashboard.
75) What kind of data can you store in Power BI?
A) In Power BI, you can store mainly two types of data. Fact Tables:
The central table in a star schema of a data warehouse is a fact table that stores quantitative information for
analysis, which is not normalized in most cases.
Dimension Tables:
It is a table in the star schema which helps you to store attributes and dimensions which describe objects that are
stored in a fact table.
76) How to represent different levels of hierarchy of data in one single visualization?
Step 1. Create a hierarchy by grouping the required data from the data tab and pull that into Axis Tab and
Enable drill down option by clicking on the down arrow on the chart.
Step 2. Pull all the hierarchical columns separately into the axis pane in the order of their hierarchy and enable
the drill down action by clicking on the down arrow on the chart. Note: Both Step 1 and Step 2 will serve the
same purpose.
77) What is the difference between Power BI and Power BI Pro?
Power BI: It provides different features for the users to get started with data search in a unique way. Power BI
Pro: It holds some extra features added to the Power BI features like higher storage capacity, data refresh
scheduling and interactive live data sources.
78) Define the term 'M language." ?
It is a programming language used in Power Query. It's a functional, case-sensitive language which is similar to
other
programming languages and easy to use.
79) What is Bidirectional Cross-filtering in Power BI?
A) Bidirectional cross-filtering in Power BI Desktop allows data modelers to determine how they want filters to
flow for data using relationships between tables. With bidirectional cross-filtering, the filter context is
propagated to a second related table on the other side of a table relationship. This can help data modelers solve
the many-to-many problem without writing complicated DAX formulas. Thus, bidirectional cross-filtering
simplifies the job for data modelers.
80) What is grouping? How can you use it? ↑
Power BI Desktop allows you to group the data into small chunks. For grouping, you should use Ctrl + click to
select multiple elements in the visual. Right-click one of those elements which appear in the groups. window.
81) What is the only prerequisite for connecting to a database in Azure SQL Database?
The only prerequisite for before connecting to a database is that the user need to configure firewall setting to
allows
remote connections.
81. Organization owns Power BI workspace, has 10 members and wishes to give access for a few
members Dashboard, for few reports, for few Datasets. Can we achieve this?
To attain this need to create Content Pack,
Need to select Specific Group of people (User Email ids or Distribution lists) (OR) My Entire Organization in
then we choose to give access to Dashboards or Reports or Datasets.
82) What are the differences between a Power BI Dataset, a Report, and a Dashboard?
Dataset: The source used to create reports and visuals/tiles.
A data model (local to PBIX or XLSX) or model in an Analysis Services Server

Data could be inside of model (imported) or a Direct Query connection to a source.

Report: An individual Power BI Desktop file (PBIX) containing one or more report pages.
Built for deep, interactive analysis experience for a given dataset (filters, formatting).
Each Report is connected to at least one dataset
Each page contains one or more visuals or tiles.
Dashboard: a collection of visuals or tiles from different reports and, optionally, pinned. • Built to aggregate
primary visuals and metrics from multiple datasets.
83) Difference between Filter & Raw Filter?
Raw Filter works only on Column where FILTER Function on Measure.
84) How can you identify which user has logged in to Power BI server or viewing the report from Power
BI?
The way to identify the user is to create a DAX column and embed “username ()” or “principalusername ()”,
which will
retrieve information on the user who has logged in.
85) Explain the term data alerts. ↑
Alert works on data that is refreshed, Power BI looks for an alert, and it reaches the alert threshold or the limit
then the
alter will be triggered.
86) How do we disable the Default interactivity in Desktop? ↑
Highlight the Visual and go to edit interactions and Click on None on the remaining visuals.
87) What is Power View? ↑
Power View is a data visualization technology that lets you create interactive charts, graphs, maps, and other
visuals
which brings your data to life. Power View is available in Excel, SharePoint, SQL Server, and Power BI.
The following pages provide details about different visualizations available in Power View:
Charts
Line charts
Pie charts
Maps
Tiles
Cards
Images
Tables
Power View
Multiples Visualizations
Bubble and scatter charts
Key performance indicators (KPIs)
Explain the difference between Power BI and Tableau? ↑

The following are the differences between Power BI and Tableau:

Power BI focuses only on modeling and reporting, while Tableau is the best tool according to data visualization.
Power BI is less expensive, while Tableau is very expensive. Power BI is associated with Microsoft Azure,
while Tableau uses python Machine learning. Power BI has a simple and easy to use interface while Tableau
has a customized dashboard. Power BI becomes slow while handling massive amounts of data, while Tableau
easily handles any amount of data.
88) What is Edit Interactions in Power Bi?
A) Power Bi provides you with very cool features of visual Interaction, by default this feature is enabled, that
means when you select any slicer value or click any visual by default all visuals get filtered on the basis of click
or select value. And we can control this feature by using Edit Interactions.
89) State the main difference between Filter and Slicer. ↑
If you are using the normal filter, the user cannot interact with the dashboard. On the other hand, slicer allows
users to
have an interaction with Reports as well as Dashboards
90) Explain z-order in Power BI?
A) Z-order is a design strategy which is used for arranging visual over shapes. It can be defined as an
implementation
method which can be applied whenever reports have multiple elements.
91) Explain xvelocity in memory.
A) It is the main engine which is used in power pivot. It allows you to load the large set of data into Power BI
data.
92) What are Data alarms ?
Ready work on information that is revived ,when information is invigorated BI searches for a caution and on the
off
chance that it achieves the ready edge or the utmost, at that point the alarm will be activated.
93) State the differences between Power BI and SSRS. ↑
Power BI:
Power BI gives a strong data manipulation feature in its backend but provides access only to simple
visualizations.

In the free version, Power BI limits the use of 1 GB data.

Power BI allows several data sources supported by Tableau. With the integration of Office 365 suite, it allows
connection with Share point. Power BI also allows online support to the user for direct visualization through
Search Engines but is limited to Bling search.
There is a free version available in Power BI which allows the user to 1GB data set limit. Pro Software is paid
but is cheaper in the market while compared to other BI tools.
Power BI is free version and Power Pro is paid. Pro is available to the user at a cost of 9.99USD/month with 10
GB data limit and 1 million rows/hour data streaming.
Implementation process in Power BI is quite simple. It uses cloud storage.
SQL Server Reporting Services:
SQL server Reporting Services is generally used to make pixel perfect reports and provides limited dashboard
options.
SSRS does not have any limit. Also, it allows users to connect larger data sets, which is not possible in Power
BI.
SSRS also allows various data sources for connections to make business intelligence reports.
Upon request, the cost details are exposed to the user.
This software license is available on request and is available on cloud platforms such as Azure, AWS and
some other major platforms.
Compared to Power BI, SSRS contains a complex implementation process.
94) What is the Deployment Pipeline?
A) - The deployment pipelines tool enables BI creators to manage the lifecycle of organizational content. It's an
efficient and reusable tool for creators in an enterprise with Premium capacity. Deployment pipelines enable
creators to develop and test Power BI content in the Power BI service, before the content is consumed by users.
The content types include reports, paginated reports, dashboards, datasets and dataflows.
The tool is designed as a pipeline with three stages:
Development:
This stage is used to design, build, and upload new content with fellow creators. This is the first stage in
deployment pipelines.
Test:
You're ready to enter the test stage after you've made all the needed changes to your content. You upload the
modified content so it can be moved to this test stage. Here are three examples of what can be done in the test
environment:
Share content with testers and reviewers
Load and run tests with larger volumes of data
Test your app to see how it will look for your end users
Production:
After testing the content, use the production stage to share the final version of your content with business users
across the organization
95) What is SnowFlake Schema ?
Ans - Snowflake Schema
Snowflake is when there are many relationships between tables, and when you have to pass through multiple
relationships to get from one table to another.
A snowflake dimension is a set of normalized tables for a single business entity. For example, Adventure Works
classifies products by category and subcategory. Categories are assigned to subcategories, and products are in
turn assigned to subcategories. In the Adventure Works relational data warehouse, the product dimension is
normalized and stored in three related tables: DimProdctCategory, DimProductSubcategory, and DimProduct.
96) What is Star Schema?
Ans - Star schema is a mature modeling approach widely adopted by relational data warehouses. It requires
modelers to classify their model tables as either dimension or fact.
Dimension tables describe business entities—the things you model. Entities can include products, people,
places, and concepts including time itself. The most consistent table you'll find in a star schema is a date
dimension table. A dimension table contains a key column (or columns) that acts as a unique identifier, and
descriptive columns.
97) What is Cross-filtering?
Ans - Cross-filtering makes it easier and more intuitive for viewers of dashboards to interact with a dashboard's
data and understand how one metric affects another. With cross-filtering, users can click a data point in one
dashboard tile to have all dashboard tiles automatically filter on that value.
98) What is the difference between On-premise Gateway and Personal Gateway ?
Ans - Power BI Service offers the ability to have reports in the cloud that source on-premise data. This is done
by using a Gateway Data Source ..... An on-premise server has to be configured with gateway services which
will be used to communicate the data request with the Power BI cloud services.
99) Difference between Normalisation and Denormalisation?

Normalization is used
Denormalization is
to remove redundant
used to combine
data from the database
1 Implementation multiple table data into
and to store non-
one so that it can be
redundant and
queried quickly.
consistent data into it.
Denormalization on the
Normalization mainly
other hand focuses on
focuses on clearing the
achieving the faster
database from unused
2 Focus execution of the
data and to reduce the
queries through
data redundancy and
introducing
inconsistency.
redundancy.
On another hand
During Normalization during Denormalization
as data is reduced so a data is integrated into
number of tables are the same database and
3 Number of Tables
deleted from the hence the number of
database hence tables tables to store that
are lesser in number. data increases in
number.
Normalization uses On the other hand,
4 Memory consumption
optimized memory and Denormalization
 hence faster in introduces some sort
performance. of wastage of memory.
Normalization
maintains data
integrity i.e. any
addition or deletion of Denormalization does
5 Data integrity data from the table will not maintain any data
not create any integrity.
mismatch in the
relationship of the
tables.
Normalization is
generally used where a On the other hand
number of Denormalization is
insert/update/delete used where joins are
6 Where to use
operations are expensive and frequent
performed and joins of query is executed on
those tables are not the tables.
expensive.