SOCIAL SCIENCE (087)

CLASS X
1. All questions are compulsory.

2. Short Answer Type Questions (SA), carry 3 marks each. Answers to each question should not
exceed 60 words.

3. Long answer type questions (LA), carry 5 marks each. Answers to each question should not
exceed 120 words.

4. There are case based questions (CBQ) and are of 4 marks each. Answers to each question
should not exceed 100 words.

GEOGRAPHY

CH-AGRICULTURE
MCQ
1. Identify the most appropriate type of farming on the basis of the given information and choose
the correct option: 1

*Low land productivity as farmer does not use fertilisers.

*Primitive tools are used for farming.

*Farming done by clearing a patch of land.

A. Subsistence Farming B. Primitive Subsistence Farming

C. Jhumming D. Intensive Subsistence Farming

2. ‘Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality’. Select the area where the coffee
cultivation was introduced in India. 1

A. Baba Budan Hills in Karnataka B. Nilgiri Hills in Kerala

C. Baba Budan Hills in Kerala D. Nilgiri Hills in Tamil Nadu

3. Match list I and II and select the correct answer using the codes below in the lists: 1
List I List II
a. Crop which is used both as food and fodder. i. Ragi
b. Crop rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients ii. Wheat
and roughage.
 c. Crop requires 210 frost-free days. iii. Maize
d. The second most important cereal crop of India. iv. Cotton
OPTIONS:
A. a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii B. a-ii, b-i, c-iv, d-iii
C. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii D. a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i

4. Which of the given option is the example of technological reforms? 1

I. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programs for farmers.

II. Remunerative and procurement prices for important crops.

III. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood etc.

A. I & II B. II & III C. Only I D. I & III

5. Which of the group of crops belong to kharif crops? Choose the correct option: 1

A. Groundnut, Mustard, Maize B. Muskmelon, Bajra, Gram

C. Rice, Bajra, Barley D. Cotton, Jute, Groundnut

ASSERTION & REASON

6. Two statements are given as Assertion (A) and Reason(R). Study the statements carefully and
identify the correct alternative: 1

ASSERTION (A): The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to
another.

REASON (R): Rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab.

Choose the correct option:

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true

7. Two statements are given as Assertion (A) and Reason(R). Study the statements carefully and
identify the correct alternative: 1

ASSERTION (A): Millets have very high nutritional value.

REASON (R): Bajra is very rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage
Choose the correct option:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true

8. Given below is the picture depicting cultivation. Which of the given options associated with
this cultivation types? 1

A. Sericulture B. Plantation C. Horticulture D. Agronomy

CASE BASED

9. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow: (1+1+2=4)

Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown
on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover
large tracts of land, using capital intensive inputs, with the help of migrant labourers. All the
produce is used as raw material in respective industries. In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane,
banana, etc., are important plantation crops. Tea in Assam and North Bengal coffee in Karnataka
are some of the important plantation crops grown in these states. Since the production is mainly
for market, a well-developed network of transport and communication connecting the plantation
areas, processing industries and markets plays an important role in the development of
plantations.

9.1. “The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry”. Explain.

9.2. Mention the factors that play an important role in the development of plantations.

9.3. Highlight the economic significance of the plantation for India.

10. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow: (1+1+2=4)

Mahatma Gandhi declared VinobaBhave as his spiritual heir. He also participated in Satyagraha
as one of the foremost satyagrahis. He was one of the votaries of Gandhi’s concept of gram
swarajya. After Gandhiji’s martyrdom, VinobaBhave undertook padyatra to spread Gandhiji’s
message covered almost the entire country. Once, when he was delivering a lecture at
Pochampalli in Andhra Pradesh, some poor landless villagers demanded some land for their
economic well-being. VinobaBhave could not promise it to them immediately but assured them
to talk to the Government of India regarding provision of land for them if they undertook
cooperative farming. Suddenly, Shri Ram Chandra Reddy stood up and offered 80 acres of land
to be distributed among 80 land-less villagers. This act was known as ‘Bhoodan’. Later he
travelled and introduced his ideas widely all over India. Some zamindars, owners of many
villages offered to distribute some villages among the landless. It was known as Gramdan.

10.1. What was the view of VinobaBhave on developing the villages of India?

10.2. List out the problem of the villagers of Pochampalli in Andhra Pradesh as mentioned in the
passage.

10.3. Explain the idea of Bhoodan in brief.

11. Identify the crop for which India is the largest producer as well as the consumer in the
world. Enumerate any two characteristics of this crop. 1+2=3

12. ‘Sustained uses of land without compatible techno-institutional changes have hindered the
pace of agricultural development’. Assess the role of techno-institutional changes implemented
after Independence in India. 5

MAP SKILL-BASED QUESTION

13. On the outline map of India locate and label the following with suitable symbols: 3

(i) A major riverine port in West Bengal

(ii) An international airport in Kerala

(iii) Rajiv Gandhi International airport

 CH-MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES

MCQ

1. The Bailadila hills in Chhattisgarh are famous for the mining of which type of iron ore that is
exported to Japan and South Korea through Visakhapatnam port? 1
a. Haematite b. Magnetite c. Limonite d. Siderite

2. Which of the following statements is the most accurate regarding coal found in India? 1
a. Most Indian coal is of anthracite variety with very high carbon content.
b. Gondwana coal fields account for about 98% of India’s total coal production.
c. Neyveli in Tamil Nadu has the largest reserves of metallurgical coking coal.
d. India exports most of its coal to Japan and South Korea.

3. The largest bauxite-producing state in India is: 1

a. Odisha b. Gujarat c. Jharkhand d. Chhattisgarh

4. Which of the following is a correct statement about non-ferrous minerals in India? 1

a. Copper is mainly produced from the Khetri mines in Rajasthan.
b. India is self-sufficient in bauxite production.
c. Lead and zinc deposits are primarily found in Andhra Pradesh.
d. India has abundant reserves of high-grade mica in the world.

5. The Koderma-Gaya-Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is the leading producer of which mineral

that is used as an insulator in the electric and electronic industries? 1
a. Bauxite b. Copper c. Mica d. Limestone

ASSERTION AND REASON

Two statements are given as Assertion (A) and Reason(R). Study the statements carefully and
identify the correct alternative:

Choose the correct option:

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true

6. Assertion (A): India exports iron ore mainly to Japan and South Korea even though it faces a
shortage of high-grade iron ore domestically. 1
Reason (R): The iron ore from Bailadila mines is of very high grade (haematite with 65–68%
iron) and lies close to the Visakhapatnam port, making export economically viable.

7. Assertion (A): Mica is considered a mineral of strategic importance in India. 1

Reason (R): India possesses the largest workable reserves of high-quality sheet mica in the
world, which is critical for the electronic and space industries and cannot be easily substituted.

8. Assertion (A): Thermal electricity generation causes more environmental damage than
hydroelectricity generation. 1
Reason (R): Thermal power plants use non-renewable coal and petroleum as fuel and release
large quantities of carbon dioxide and fly ash, whereas hydroelectric projects are completely
pollution-free in their operation.

9. Assertion (A): The Gulf of Khambhat and the Rann of Kutch have enormous potential for
tidal energy generation. 1
Reason (R): These areas experience extremely high tidal range (more than 8 metres) due to the
funnel-shaped coastline that amplifies tidal waves.

10. Assertion (A): Nuclear power is classified as a non-conventional source of energy in India. 1
Reason (R): Although uranium and thorium are finite and non-renewable minerals, nuclear
power plants do not burn fossil fuels and have very low carbon emissions compared to thermal
power plants.

CASE STUDY

10. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+1+1=4
In a hilly district of Jharkhand, large tracts of forests have been cleared for mining. The mineral
being extracted here is primarily used in the electrical industry as an insulator and is exported to
many countries. The mining area is located in the northern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau and
is known for its sheet-type deposits found in the form of books made of very thin sheets. Due to
over-exploitation, the quality and quantity of this mineral are declining, raising serious concerns
about its conservation.
10.1. The mineral referred to in the passage is:
A) Bauxite B) Copper C) Mica D) Manganese
10.2. The mining region mentioned in the passage is:
A) Singhbhum B) Koderma-Gaya-Hazaribagh belt C) Bailadila D) Bellary-Chitradurga
10.3 Which of the following is NOT a reason for the declining availability of this mineral in
India?
A) Over-exploitation B) Low-grade deposits
C) Use of substitute materials D) High domestic consumption
10.4. Assertion (A): India was once the largest exporter of this mineral.
Reason (R): India has the largest reserves of high-quality sheet mica in the world.
A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true

11. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+1+1=4
A western state of India has emerged as the leader in harnessing non-conventional energy. It has
the largest installed capacity of wind power in the country and also hosts one of Asia’s largest
solar parks at Bhadla. The state receives more than 300 sunny days in a year and has vast barren
land ideal for solar plants. The state government has promoted private investment through
favourable policies, making it a model for clean energy transition in India.
11.1. The state being referred to in the passage is:
A) Gujarat B) Tamil Nadu C) Rajasthan D) Maharashtra
11.2. Which of the following is the major wind farm cluster in the state mentioned above?
A) Nagarcoil B) Muppandal C) Jaisalmer D) Satara
11.3. Which of the following statements is incorrect with respect to the state described?
A) It has the largest solar park in India at Bhadla.
B) It leads India in installed wind energy capacity.
C) It has favourable geographical conditions for both wind and solar energy.
D) It receives very high rainfall throughout the year, helping in hydroelectric generation.
11.4. Why has Rajasthan succeeded in non-conventional energy development despite being
largely arid?
A) High wind velocity and intense solar radiation.
B) Abundance of coal reserves.
C) Large number of perennial rivers.
D) Presence of dense forests.

STATEMENT BASED QUESTIONS

 12. Consider the following statements about iron ore in India: 1
1. Magnetite is the finest iron ore with up to 72% iron content.
2. The richest iron-ore mines of India are located in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha.
3. Kudremukh deposits in Karnataka are known for haematite ore.
4. India exports most of its high-grade iron ore to China only.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only c) 2 and 4 only d) 1, 2 and 3

13. Consider the following statements regarding non-conventional sources of energy: 1

1. India is the third-largest producer and fourth-largest consumer of electricity from wind power
in the world.
2. The largest solar plant of India is located in Bhadla, Rajasthan.
3. Nuclear power plants in India use only uranium as fuel.
4. Geothermal energy plants are successfully producing power in the Manikaran area of
Himachal Pradesh.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only b) 1, 2 and 4 c) 2 and 3 only d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

14. Consider the following statements about mineral conservation in India: 1

1. Use of scrap metals reduces the pressure on mining of fresh ores.
2. Substitution of metals with cheaper and easily available materials is one method of
conservation.
3. India has completely banned the export of all minerals to conserve them.
4. Improved technology can help extract minerals from low-grade ores.

Which of the above statements is/are NOT correct?

a) 1 and 3 b) Only 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 4

15. Consider the following statements about natural gas and petroleum in India: 1
1. The largest reserve of natural gas is found in the Krishna-Godavari basin.
2. Mumbai High produces more than 60% of India’s petroleum output.
3. The 1256-km-long HVJ pipeline carries natural gas from Hazira to Jagdishpur via Vijaipur.
4. Assam’s Digboi is the oldest operating oil refinery in India.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2, 3 and 4 c) 1, 3 and 4 d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

16. Consider the following statements: 1

1. Bauxite deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau and the Bilaspur-Katni region.
2. Odisha is the largest bauxite-producing state in India.
3. Copper smelting in India is done only at Khetri in Rajasthan.
4. Limestone is an important metallic mineral used in the cement industry.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only c) 1, 2 and 3 d) 1 and 4 only

FILL IN THE BLANKS

17. The finest quality of iron ore with the highest iron content (up to 70%) is__________.1

a. Haematite b. Magnetite c. Limonite d. Siderite

18. India’s largest wind farm cluster is located in the state of __________. 1

a. Gujarat b. Rajasthan c. Tamil Nadu d. Maharashtra

19. Explain any three factors that make Rajasthan and Gujarat highly suitable for the
development of solar and wind energy respectively. 3

20. “Mining is a double-edged sword for India’s development.” Analyze this statement by
explaining any five adverse effects of mining activities on the environment and suggest
four measures to make mining more sustainable. 5

SOURCE BASED

21. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+2=4
India is poorly endowed with high-quality ferrous and non-ferrous minerals, yet it has emerged
as a major player in the global mineral market by exporting large quantities of iron ore and mica.
The Bailadila mines in Chhattisgarh contain super high-grade haematite ore that is exported to
Japan and South Korea through the Visakhapatnam port. Similarly, the Koderma–Gaya–
Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is famous for high-quality mica used in the electrical and
electronic industries. However, indiscriminate mining in these areas has led to large-scale
deforestation, land degradation, displacement of tribal communities, and pollution of rivers.
21.1. Identify the mineral exported from Bailadila mines to Japan and South Korea.
21.2. Name the mineral for which the Koderma–Gaya–Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand is famous.
21.3. “Indiscriminate mining causes serious environmental and social problems.” Substantiate
this statement with four points in about 80 words.
MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS

1. Locate and label ANY THREE of the following on the given outline political map of India:

A. Mayurbhanj (Odisha)

B. A major coking coal mine in Jharkhand

C. A super thermal power plant in Telangana.

CH-MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

MCQ

1. During a field trip, class X students visited an industrial town. Their teacher explained that this
industry is the largest in India, providing employment to millions of people and contributing
significantly to exports. The students noticed that the products were being shipped both within
India and abroad. Which industry were the students most likely visiting? 1

a. Steel industry b. Cotton textile industry

c. Sugar industry d. Cement industry

2. Arrange the following steps in chronological order related to the establishment of a

manufacturing industry. 1

i. Selection of the type of industry to be established

ii. Availability of raw materials and local resources

iii. Investment in infrastructure and technology

Iv. Location of the industry based on market proximity

OPTIONS:

a. iii, iv, ii, I b. ii, iv, I, iii c. I, ii, iii, iv d .i, ii, iv, iii

3. Which type of pollution is depicted in the image? 1

a. Land pollution b. Thermal pollution

c. Water pollution d. Noise pollution

4. Which of the following statements is correct about the importance of manufacturing
industries? 1

STATEMENT I: They help in modernizing agriculture

STATEMENT II: They provide jobs and reduce dependency on agriculture.

OPTIONS:

a. Only I b. Only II c. Both I & II d. Neither I nor II

5. ________ is an example of a private sector industry. 1

a. BHEL b. TISCO c. SAIL d. CIL

ASSERTION AND REASON

Two statements are given as Assertion (A) and Reason(R). Study the statements carefully
and identify the correct alternative:

6. Assertion (A): The economic strength of a country is measured by the development of

manufacturing industries. 1

Reason (R): India's prosperity lies in diversifying its manufacturing industries.

7. Assertion (A): Most of the jute mills in India are located in a narrow belt along the banks of
the Hugli River. 1

Reason (R): Jute mills are concentrated in the Hugli region due to proximity to raw material
sources and easy availability of water, labor, and a large market.

SOURCE BASED

8. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+1+1=4

Our manufactured goods must be at par in quality with those in the international market. Only
then, will we be able to compete in the international market. Over the last two decades, the share
of the manufacturing sector has stagnated at 17 per cent of GDP – out of a total of 27 per cent for
the industry which includes 10 per cent for mining, quarrying, electricity and gas. This is much
lower in comparison to some East Asian economies, where it is 25 to 35 per cent. The trend of
growth rate in manufacturing over the last decade has been around 7 per cent per annum. The
desired growth rate over the next decade is 12 per cent. Since 2003, manufacturing is once again
growing at the rate of 9 to 10 per cent per annum. With appropriate policy interventions by the
government and renewed efforts by the industry to improve productivity, economists predict that
manufacturing can achieve its target over the next decade. The National Manufacturing
Competitiveness Council (NMCC) has been set up with this objective.

8.1. What is the criterion to fulfill for Indian goods to be able to compete in the international
market?

(a) Indian goods should be less expensive

(b) Indian goods should be more expensive.

(c) The quality of Indian goods should be enhanced.

(d) The quality of Indian goods should be decreased

8.2. What is the current share of contribution of the manufacturing sector to the Indian GDP?

(a) 17 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 27

8.3. How can we improve the productivity of the manufacturing sector?

(a) Reinvigorate the primary sector.

(b) Change the tertiary sector

(c) Policy interventions by the government

(d) Change the activities involved in the secondary sector

8.4. What is the difference between Indian and the East Asian economies with respect to the
contribution of the Manufacturing Sector?

(a) Contribution is greater in the East Asian Economies.

(b) Contribution is lesser in the East Asian Economies.

(c) Contribution is equal in the East Asian Economies.

(d) There is no contribution in the East Asian Economies..

9. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+1+1=4

NTPC is a major power providing corporation in India. It has ISO certification for EMS
(Environment Management System) 14001. The corporation has a proactive approach for
preserving the natural environment and resources like water, oil and gas and fuels in places
where it is setting up power plants. This has been possible through optimum utilization of
equipment adopting latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment. Minimizing waste
generation by maximizing ash utilization. Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance
and addressing the question of special purpose vehicles for afforestation. Reducing
environmental pollution through ash pond management, ash water recycling system and liquid
waste management. Ecological monitoring, reviews and online database management for all its
power stations.

9.1. NTPC is the abbreviation of ______

(a) National Textile Production Company

(b) National Technology Production Company

(c) National Tuberculosis Prevention Corporation

(d) National Thermal Power Corporation

9.2. The challenge of sustainable development requires integration of economic development

with _________ concerns.

(a) Social (b) cultural (c) environmental (d) political

9.3. Find the odd one out from the following statements regarding the approach of preserving the
natural environment-

(a) Providing green belts (b) Upgrading equipment

(c) Deforestation (d) Waste management

9.4. What are the raw materials for thermal power?

(a) Coal and Petroleum (b) Boiling water (c) Sun’s heat (d) None of the above

10. List the major factors which affect the location of an industry at a place. What is the key to
the decision of ‘factory location’? 3

11. “Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other, but move hand in hand.” Give
arguments in favor of this statement.5

MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS

12. Locate & label ANY THREE of the following on the given outline political map of India: 3
a. Iron & Steel plant in Odisha

b. Jamshedpur

c. Woolen industry

d. Software technology park