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Wireline Log Measurement Normalization

Wireline log measurement normalization is an important process for formation evaluation and regional studies to allow consistent analysis and evaluation. The normalization process recalibrates measurements like density, acoustic travel time, and gamma ray using one-point or two-point calibration to reference intervals with consistent readings throughout a field. It is important to normalize individual log runs rather than spliced data sets. Two-point normalization involves matching low and high reading intervals to a reference, while one-point uses a bulk shift. Prior to normalization, logs undergo editing and alignment. Hunt, Wallace prefers two-point normalization to consistently calibrate measurements and allow comparative evaluation.

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83 views3 pages

Wireline Log Measurement Normalization

Wireline log measurement normalization is an important process for formation evaluation and regional studies to allow consistent analysis and evaluation. The normalization process recalibrates measurements like density, acoustic travel time, and gamma ray using one-point or two-point calibration to reference intervals with consistent readings throughout a field. It is important to normalize individual log runs rather than spliced data sets. Two-point normalization involves matching low and high reading intervals to a reference, while one-point uses a bulk shift. Prior to normalization, logs undergo editing and alignment. Hunt, Wallace prefers two-point normalization to consistently calibrate measurements and allow comparative evaluation.

Uploaded by

naveedhaidermir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NOTE (It is extremely important that the normalization procedure be carried out over individual

log runs and not over a completely spliced data set.)




The Problem
Wireline log measurement normalization is an important step in the formation evaluation process,
especially for field/regional study evaluation, particularly when consistent and homogeneous log
data is required for further evaluation and analysis. For many fields, wireline measurements have
been recorded by differing service companies with differing generations of logging tools. Other
issues including log calibration error and scaling can also lead to misleading results.

The Process
Normalization re-calibrates primary log measurements (
b
, t, n, and GR) to an agreed
reference using one or two-point calibration histogram techniques. A (y= mx + b) shift is
performed in a 2-point calibration and a bulk shift is performed in a single-point normalization
model. The two-point normalization process involves the location of a consistent low reading
interval and a consistent high reading interval that appears in each well in the field or area.
Moving selected values for each well to fit a known reference completes the process. (A thick
anhydrite bed and a shale zone are demonstrated in the examples shown below).
Prior to any normalization process, the log data undergoes basic editing: curve standardization
and splicing, depth alignment, elimination of first and last readings and data reconstruction (if
necessary in rough boreholes).
Bulk Density Normalization


















Red-shaded
area defines
reference
shale anhydrite
LOG NORMALIZATION


NOTE (It is extremely important that the normalization procedure be carried out over individual
log runs and not over a completely spliced data set.)

Gamma Ray Before 2-point Normalization

























Gamma Ray After 2-point Normalization






















Purple-shaded
area defines
reference
Un-normalized
raw GR
LOG NORMALIZATION


NOTE (It is extremely important that the normalization procedure be carried out over individual
log runs and not over a completely spliced data set.)



Acoustic Log Normalization

Acoustic logs generally do not require significant normalization processing as much as radioactive devices.
Most service companies have very similar measurements. Random noise spikes and cycle skips can be
common problems that are repaired using Hunt Wallaces acoustic editing software.





Example of raw compressional acoustic travel time from sample field.



Conclusions
Wireline log measurement normalization is an important step in the formation evaluation
process, especially for field/regional study evaluation. Normalization re-calibrates primary
log measurements (
b
, t, n, and GR) to an agreed reference using one or two-point calibration
histogram techniques. Hunt, Wallace prefers to use 2-point calibration techniques. Zones that
have similar rock properties throughout an area or field are used in the calibration process. Prior
to the normalization process, the log data undergoes curve standardization, depth alignment,
elimination of first and last readings, data reconstruction (repair log measurements that have been
distorted by hole problems), and create zone so that normalization corrections apply to
measurements within a specified log run interval by well.



shale anhydrite
LOG NORMALIZATION

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