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AMC 8 1998 Problem Solutions

This document provides solutions to 25 math word problems. The problems cover a range of topics including fractions, geometry, percentages, ratios, and exponential growth. For each problem, the document lists the question number, the correct answer, and a brief explanation of the reasoning or steps used to arrive at the solution.

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Kevin Yang
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948 views6 pages

AMC 8 1998 Problem Solutions

This document provides solutions to 25 math word problems. The problems cover a range of topics including fractions, geometry, percentages, ratios, and exponential growth. For each problem, the document lists the question number, the correct answer, and a brief explanation of the reasoning or steps used to arrive at the solution.

Uploaded by

Kevin Yang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SOLUTIONS

1998 AJHSME

1. Answer (B): Only 67 (A) and 68 (B) are less than 1. For fractions: If the numerators are equal, the smaller fraction will have a larger denominator. Therefore,
6
6
8 is smaller than 7 (A).
2. Answer (E): 3 2 4 1 = 6 4 = 2 .

3. Answer (B):

4. Answer (E):
BCE, BDE.

3 7
10
5
5 4
5 5
25
+ =
= . Therefore, = =
.
8 8
8
4
4 5
4 4
16
E

The triangles are ABE, ACE, BCD,

D
A

5. Answer (B):
(A)9.12344 = 9.12344000 . . . ,
(B)9.1234 = 9.12344444 . . . ,
(C)9.1234 = 9.12343434 . . . ,
(D)9.1234 = 9.12342342 . . . ,
(E)9.1234 = 9.12341234 . . . .

6. Answer (B): Slide triangle A down to fill in triangle B.


The resulting 2 3 rectangle has area 6 .

7. Answer (D): Use the associative property to group as follows:


(100 19.98) (1.998 1000) = 1998 1998 = (1998)2 .
8. Answer (C): 200gallons0.5(30)gallons = 200gallons15gallons = 185gallons .

SOLUTIONS

1998 AJHSME

9. Answer (C): First reduction: 10 0.2(10) = 10 2 = 8.


Second reduction: 8 0.5(8) = 8 4 = 4.
OR
The sale price is 80% of the original price. After the next reduction, the final
price is one-half the sale price, or one-half of 80% or 40%. Therefore, 0.4(10) =
4.
3 4
10. Answer (E): The only arrangement that produces a whole number is = 1.
1 2
Therefore, W + Y = 3 + 4 = 7 .
11. Answer (C): Since Harry has 3 sisters and 5 brothers, there are 3 girls and
6 boys in the family. So Harriet has 2 sisters and 6 brothers. The product of 2
and 6 is 12 .
12. Answer (A):
1
1
1
1
2(1 ) + 3(1 ) + 4(1 ) + . . . + 10(1 ) =
2
3
4
10
1
2
3
9
2( ) + 3( ) + 4( ) + . . . + 10( ) =
2
3
4
10
1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 9 = 45.

13. Answer (C): Divide the square into 16 smaller squares


as shown. The shaded square is formed from 4 halfsquares, so its area is 2.
The ratio 2 to 16 is
1
.
8
Note: There are several other ways to divide the region to show this.

14. Answer (E): Since 80% of the Science Club members are also in the Math
Club, there are 0.8(15) = 12 students common to both clubs. Because 30% of the
students in the Math Club are also in the Science Club, there are 12 0.3 = 40
students in the Math Club.
Science

Math
28

12

28+12=40

SOLUTIONS

1998 AJHSME

15. Answer (D):


In the year 1998 the population is 200.
In 2023 the population will be 200(3) = 600.
In 2048 the population will be 600(3) = 1800.
In 2050 the population will be about 2000.

16. Answer (B):


Year
1998
2023
2048
2073
2098

Population
200
600
1,800
5,400
16,200

Of the choices available the year 2075 is the best estimate.

17. Answer (C):


Year
1998
2023
2048
2073
2098

Population
200
600
1,800
5,400
16,200

Area Needed
300
900
2,700
8,100
24,300

The Isles can support 24,900 1.5 = 16,600 people. The chart shows that this
will happen about the year 2098, or in about 100 years.
18. Answer (B): The folded rectangle appears in the upper
right corner of the sheet of paper, and the hole is punched in
its upper left corner. Only Figure (B) has a hole in the upper
left corner of the upper right rectangle of the unfolded sheet.

19. Answer (A): Tamika can get the numbers 8 + 9 = 17, 8 + 10 = 18, or
9 + 10 = 19. Carlos can get 3 5 = 15, 3 6 = 18, or 5 6 = 30. The possible
ways to pair these are: (17, 15), (17, 18), (17, 30), (18, 15), (18, 18), (18, 30),
(19, 15), (19, 18), (19, 30). Four of these nine pairs show Tamika with a higher
result, so the probability is 4/9.

SOLUTIONS

1998 AJHSME

20. Answer (D): After folding the square twice the resulting
figure is an isosceles triangle with area 9 square inches. Since
there are 4 such congruent triangles in the square, the area of
the square is 36 square inches. Therefore, the sides of P QRS
are 6 inches, and the perimeter is 24 inches.
21. Answer (B): The 2 2 3 core contains all of the small
cubes that do not touch a side or the bottom. These 12
cubes are subtracted from 64 to leave 52.
OR

12

12

12

+ 16
52

22. Answer (D): The sequence is 98, 49, 44, 22, 11, 6, 54, 27, 22, . . . . After 3
terms the cycle (22, 11, 6, 54, 27) is repeated. The 98th term is the fifth term of
the cycle, and this is 27.

SOLUTIONS

1998 AJHSME

23. Answer (C):


Step
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Number of
triangles
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64

The ratio at step eight:

28
64

Number of shaded triangles


0
0+1=1
1+2=3
1+2+3=6
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 28

7
16 .

24. Answer (E): The numbers in the first column all have remainders of 1 when
divided by 8, those of the second column have remainders of 2 when divided
by 8, and so on. We need to find numbered squares so that each remainder 0
through 7 appears at least once. The squares that are shaded are numbered 1,
3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, and the remainders upon
dividing by 8 are 1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 5, 4, 4, 5, 7, 2, 6, 3, 1, 0. Thus, we must shaded
square 120 to obtain the first shaded square in the last column.

25. Answer (D): Since Toy begins with $36 and her amount is doubled in the first
two exchanges, her amounts are $36, $72, $144, and $36. This means that she
gave away $108, and this is exactly enough to double the amounts of Ami and
Jan. So, the total must be 2($108) + $36 = $252.

Common questions

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The problem shows 80% of Science Club members are in Math Club, yielding 12 common members, signifying 30% of Math Club is mirrored. This indicates Math Club's size at 40 members, illustrating overlapping memberships' influence on total set interpretation and ensuing calculations .

In a series where the number of shaded triangles increases sequentially (1, 3, 6, 10,...), forming consecutive sums of an arithmetic series, applying the sum of first n natural numbers formula, n(n+1)/2, shows that step five's shaded triangles amount to 15, as 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 .

The population is estimated to grow from 200 in 1998 to 5,400 in 2073. This growth affects societal capacity since the area required to support this population must increase proportionally, reaching 8,100 units by 2073, assuming an area requirement of 1.5 per person .

After identifying the repetitive cycle in the sequence, which is (22, 11, 6, 54, 27), knowing the cycle's length (five terms) allows us to predict the 98th term by calculating its position in the cycle: 98 mod 5 = 3, which corresponds to the third term in the cycle, 27 .

To verify comprehensive remainder coverage when dividing by 8, ensure each remainder from 0 to 7 occurs in the sequence derived from dividing the numbers in question. The given list (1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 5, 4, ...) ensures this, confirming at least one instance of each remainder .

The shaded square is formed from 4 half-squares, implying its area is 2. Since the entire large square can be divided into 16 smaller squares, the ratio of the shaded area to the total area is 1/8 .

Probability is calculated by listing complementary pairings of possible numerical outcomes (e.g., 17, 18, 19 for Tamika and 15, 18, 30 for Carlos), determining favorable outcomes, and dividing by total possible pairings. Tamika exceeding Carlos in four of nine pairings yields probability 4/9 .

When a square is folded into four congruent isosceles triangles with known areas, such as 9 square inches, the area of the square is 36 square inches (4 triangles x 9 area each). Thus, the side of the square is √36 = 6 inches, making the perimeter 24 inches .

Toy's wealth is altered through exchanges that double others' amounts, totaling $252 overall. This is demonstrated by Toy beginning with $36, doubling to $72, then $144, before reverting to $36. The $108 given away doubles Ami's and Jan's combined $108, ensuring the total is 2($108) + $36 = $252 .

If the numerators are equal, the fraction with the larger denominator is smaller. Therefore, between 6/7 and 6/8, 6/8 is the smaller fraction .

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