Jiri Pokorny, TC/January 2014
Communication in Substation
Basic Overview
Communication in Substation
General requirements
Data integrity
Performance, throughput, capacity, response time
Easy engineering principles
Support for independent station level units
Peer-to-peer communication
Accurate time synchronization
Disturbance immunity
Minimum single points of failures
Openness
Security
Long life-cycle
Deterministic behaviour
Supervision of devices
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 2
Communication in Substation
Evolution towards Ethernet
Serial Communications = bits of data exchanged serially through interface
010101010100001010101010101111111010101110010100110101000
90s
80s
21st century
Ethernet (1988)
LON
IEC 60870-5-101 (1995)
Utility
SPA (1984)
IEC 60870-5-103 (1997)
DNP 3.0 (1993, Westronic > GE)
MODBUS RTU
(1979, Modicon - > Schneider)
Industry
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 3
PROFIBUS DP (1993)
IEC 61850-8-1 (2004)
IEC 60870-5-104 (2000)
DNP 3.0 LAN WAN
IEC 61850-8-1
MODBUS TCP
Communication in Substation
Protocol usage in UniGear Pro tenders
PPMV Brno internal
UG Pro users
PPMV Brno FES UG
Pro users
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 4
Communication in Substation
Local Industrial Data
Communications
Modbus RTU
Profibus DP
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 5
Communication in Substation
Modbus RTU
Developed by Modicon Inc. (standard since 1979)
Open protocol, used worldwide
Media: twisted pair or fiber
Topology: bus
Method: Master/Slave
Recommended up to 8 IEDs /1 Master
Typical communication rate: 19.2 kb/s
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 6
Communication in Substation
Modbus RTU Typical Application Examples
Master
Master
RS485
SPA-ZC22
Slave 3
Fiber Optic
Slave 1
Slave 2
Slave 2
Slave 1
Slave 3
Master
Fiber Optic
Slave 1
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 7
SPA-ZC22
Slave 2
Slave 3
Communication in Substation
Profibus DP
Open protocol, designed for Industry, standardized
in IEC 61158 / EN 50170
Method: Master/Slave, Peer to Peer
Media: twisted pair or fiber
Topology: bus, ring, star
Max. communication rate: 12 Mb/s
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 8
Communication in Substation
Profibus DP Typical Application Examples
Profibus DP
Master
Profibus DP
Master
RS485
SPA-ZC302 Communication Gateway
Profibus DP Slave / SPA Master
RS485
Slave 1
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 9
Slave 2
Slave 3
Slave 1
Slave 2
Slave 3
Communication in Substation
RS485 (or EIA-485)
Multi-drop communication
Multiple receivers and
transmitters on each line
Defines electrical and
mechanical details,
but not protocol
Supported communications
Half Duplex (3wires)
Full Duplex (5wire)
Shielded twisted pair
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 10
Communication in Substation
SPA-ZC22 Bus Connection module
Used for dividing system
into several fiber optic rings
Modbus
Only 1 IED/ring
5x or 2x fiber optic
interface (ST)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 11
Communication in Substation
SPA-ZC302 SPA (IEDs)/Profibus DP V1 slave
Up to 16 SPA slaves/1 GW
No. of connected IEDs
depends on
Transferred Data quantity
Response time
requirement
SPA: RS232/485 (DB9)
Profibus DP: RS485 (DB9)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 12
Communication in Substation
5205-MNET-PDPS - ModbusTCP client/Profibus DP slave
1 GW/several IEDs
1836 VDC => Power
converter is needed
Modbus TCP
1x 10/100TX (RJ45)
Profibus DP
RS485 (DB9F)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 13
Communication in Substation
Ethernet in SA Applications
IEC 61850-8-1 (Station bus)
Modbus TCP/IP
DNP3 TCP/IP
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 14
Communication in Substation
Why to use Ethernet?
Future-proof Technology
Continuous further development
Communication technology where the most money is put in
Widespread availability and market familiarity
Vast IT infrastructure (switches, routers, network management
tools, )
Huge R&D efforts
Communication flexibility
Support for various transmission technology
Fiber Optic, Copper, Wireless
Support different Architecture
Cascading, Ring (network redundancy), Star, Hybrid (Mixed)
Multiple protocols on the same network
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 15
Communication in Substation
Why to use Ethernet?
Remote and predictive diagnostic
Network speeds increased from 10Mb/s to 10Gb/s and
growing
Easy migration to higher-speed networks as they become
available
Cost savings
Wiring installation and maintenance
One network
Multiple protocols on the same network
Wiring infrastructure can remain when control system is
upgraded or replaced
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 16
Communication in Substation
Network Topologies for Ethernet Switches
Not our scope
Fiber Optic
S/S1
Ring Topology (recommended)
Built-in redundancy
Cost effective cabling
Latency
All Managed Ethernet switches of the same manufacturer
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 17
Communication in Substation
Network Topologies for Ethernet Switches
Not our scope
Fiber Optic
S/S1
Star Topology
Low Latency any IED to IED communication requires only
two hops
No redundancy shown
(Redundant star needs two Ethernet interfaces at each IED)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 18
Communication in Substation
Connections for IEDs - Direct connection
Fiber Optic
Fiber Optic or STP
Total No. of Ethernet ports = No. of IEDs + Spare ports for
future IED extension + 2x Fiber optic ports for ring
interconnection + (fiber optic ports for uplink connection)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 19
Communication in Substation
Connections for IEDs
611, 615 (except
RED) and 620 series
IEDs
Fiber Optic or STP
Self-healing Ethernet ring
Ring is controlled by Managed Ethernet switch with RSTP
support (essential part)
Avoids single point of failure concerns
Up to thirty IEDs per ring
Not possible to detect where ring is interrupted
Reconfiguration (might be 1s)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 20
Communication in Substation
Redundancy
max. 30 IEDs
High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)
Same data is sent into both directions on the ring
Eliminating communication downtime
Supported by 615 Series IEC (except RED 615) and 620
Series IEC
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 21
Communication in Substation
Redundancy
LAN A
LAN B
Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
Same data is sent to both networks
Eliminating communication downtime
Supported by 615 Series IEC (except RED 615) and 620
Series IEC and REF542+
Dont interconnect LAN A and LAN B
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 22
Communication in Substation
Technology / Cabling
Twisted pair cable
with RJ45 connectors
Metal cabling
Two twisted pairs
Shielded (Factory
applications)
Category CAT6 S/FTP or
better
Susceptible to EMI,
therefore should be only
used inside cabinets
Easy to terminate with
RJ45 (not ruggedized)
connectors
Faster than 10Gb/s
doubtful
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 23
Communication in Substation
Technology / Fiber Optic
FO cable Structure
Core very thin
strand of glass that
carries the data
Cladding another
layer of glass with
different refraction
index to either keep
light in or out of the
core
Buffer protective
layer
Main advantages of Fiber Optic
Greatest bandwidth of all media types
Immunity to Electromagnetic and Radio
Frequency Interference)
Increased security (resistance to
eavesdropping)
Extended distance capability
Speed Scalability
Excellent galvanic separation (No grounding)
Lightweight cable with small diameter
Higher port density
Less Congestion in pathways and spaces
Lower long-term maintenance costs
Future Proof (migration to faster speeds and
higher bandwidth)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 24
Communication in Substation
Technology / Fiber Optic
Multi-mode Fiber Optic ABB standard
Light travels multiple paths within the core
Multi-mode links: multi-mode transceivers & multi-mode cabling
62.5/125m (core/cladding size)
Wavelength: 1300nm
The most common
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 25
Communication in Substation
Technology / Fiber Optic
Duplex Patchcord
with LC-LC
connectors
Duplex Patch cord
Optical cable used to
connect one device to
another for signal routing
Consists of two fibers
It is terminated by
connectors on both ends
Keep minimal bend radius
Typical fiber Optic
connectors in our
applications
Depends on specific
fiber cable
> 10x outer diameter of
the fiber cable
LC connectors
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 26
Communication in Substation
Technology / Devices
Default !
AFS67x
AFS66x DIN-rail
Managed Ethernet Switch
AFS 670 Series
(up to 24 ports)
IEC 61850 & IEEE1613
approved
Extended temperature
rating (-40 + 85 C)
Universal High voltage
power supply
RSG2100
RSG2300
RS900 DIN-rail
RSG2100 Series
(up to 19 ports)
Number of ports affects
Connections for IEDs
(ring, direct)
Interconnection among
switches
Required spares
Uplink connection
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 27
Communication in Substation
Technology / Devices
Network Timeservers with
GPS synchronized time
base
High precision base for a
TCP/IP network
+-1ms can be achieved
with a SNTP server
LANTIME M400/GPS
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 28
Communication in Substation
Technology / Devices
Ethernet switch
RSG2100 assembled
in LVC of UniGear
Location
Inside Low Voltage
Compartment of the
UniGear panels
Typically in Bus riser,
Metering panel
Check switch sizes if
fit
Main benefits
Cubicles are ready for
connection
Saving space in
substation building
Shorter communication
links
Cheaper solution
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 29
Communication in Substation
IEC 61850-8-1 (Station bus)
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 30
Communication in Substation
IEC 61850 Standard / Station bus
1st device, do you
send me information
about ..?
Its Horizontal
Communication (GOOSE)
Its vertical communication (MMS)
Yes, I do
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 31
I can hear
you and
help you
I have
problem to
perform
operation
Communication in Substation
Conventional vs. GOOSE approach
Conventional approach
Wiring between devices
must be done individually
per signal
Horizontal GOOSE
communication
Number of
interconnections is
equal to number of
devices
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 32
Communication in Substation
GOOSE New added value
LVC for conventional
and. GOOSE
approach
Simplicity
All devices are connected via single attachment to the
network
Higher level of standardization
Standardized mechanical and electrical connections
and links
Logics can be defined after construction phase
Less I/O HW in IEDs, terminals, relays, MCBs, wires
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 33
Communication in Substation
GOOSE New added value
Performance
tested in
according to
IEC 62271-3 by
KEMA
Performance
GOOSE is faster (12-17
ms) than the overall
hardwired one
Higher error detection
Interruption of Ethernet
link is detected within
configurable settings
Preconfigured fail-safe
operation in case of failure
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 34
Communication in Substation
GOOSE New added value
Flexibility
Simple or complex automation schemes with no increase of
wiring costs
Last minute change possible
Improved diagnostics
Constantly supervised connection
Preconfigured fail-safe operation in case of failure
Scalability
Switchgears, SCADA,
Connectivity
To upper level system, to Smart Grids
Save time
(Engineering), manufacturing, erection, start-up, maintenance
Up-to-date and Future-proof technology
Long-term validity, right investments
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 35
Communication in Substation
GOOSE support with ABB IEDs
Relion product family
Performance class P1/1A
(10ms)
PPMV Brno
Product-mix %
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 36
Communication in Substation
GOOSE support with ABB IEDs
Remote IO - RIO600
Digital I/Os extension
Modular architecture with support up to
40 I/Os
Power supply module
Communication module
Binary Input module (8xBI)
Binary Output module (4xBO)
DIN-rail mountable modules
Applicability
No IED in panel
Digital I/O extension for IED
HW interface
I/Os for COM600
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 37
Communication in Substation
IEC 61850-8-1 usage in UniGear Pro tenders 11/2013
PPMV Brno internal
UG Pro users
PPMV Brno FES UG
Pro users
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 38
Communication in Substation
Prepared Documentation in
ePLAN
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 39
Communication in Substation
Network Overview Diagram
Information about
Interconnection
between IED and
Ethernet switch
Network
architecture
Device location
panel No.
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 40
Communication in Substation
Network Overview Diagram / Macros
Managed Ethernet
switches
IEDs
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 41
IEC 61850 enabled MV Primary Switchgear
Logic Diagrams - Example
GOOSE projects
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 42
Communication in Substation
Relion product family IEDs
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 43
Communication in Substation
REF, REM, RET, REG 630 *1.2
Modbus
via gateway
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 44
Communication in Substation
REF, REM, RET, 620 *2.0
Profibus DP
via gateway
Modbus/Profibus slave
5205-MNET-PDPS
(1 GW/4 IEDs)
5105-MCM-PDPS
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 45
Communication in Substation
REF, REM, RET, REU 615 *4.0 FP1
Profibus DP
via gateway
Modbus/Profibus slave
5205-MNET-PDPS
(1 GW/4 IEDs)
5105-MCM-PDPS
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 46
Communication in Substation
RED 615 *4.0
Profibus DP
via gateway
Modbus/Profibus slave
5205-MNET-PDPS
(1 GW/4 IEDs)
5105-MCM-PDPS
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 47
Communication in Substation
REF, REM, REB 611 *1.0
Profibus DP
via gateway
Modbus/Profibus slave
5205-MNET-PDPS
(1 GW/4 IEDs)
5105-MCM-PDPS
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 48
Communication in Substation
Substation Automation
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 49
Communication in Substation
Switchgear with Station Automation
Grid Automation
Controller COM600
Offers All-in-one
User Interface
Communication
Gateway
Automation Platform
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 50
Communication in Substation
Web Human Machine Interface Functionality
Single Line Diagram with
dynamic busbar coloring
Switch Device Control
Management of alarms
and events
Measurements
Disturbance Record
Upload
Protection functions
parameter Setting
System diagnostic
Access and user
management
Data Historian
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 51
Communication in Substation
Connectivity
ABB Group
March 4, 2015 | Slide 52
