SECTION 3

VOCABULARY AND READING COMPREHENSION

Time: 45 Minutes

This Section measures your comprehension of standard written English. There are two types in this section. Each one has
special direction.

Part 1: Vocabulary

Direction: In questions 1 30 each sentence has an underlined word or phrase. Below each sentences are four choices
marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the word or phrase that keeps the meaning of the original sentence when substituted
for the underlined words. Then, on your answer sheet, fill in the oval that correspond to the letter and number of the answer
you have chosen.

Ammonia is a chemical with a penetrating odor.

(A) flavor
(B) smell
(C) sting
(D) burn

The best answer to this example is (B), smell. Ammonia is a chemical with a penetrating smell is closest meaning to
the original sentence. Therefore, you should choose answer (B);

Now begin work on the questions.

1. When an aircraft travels at subsonic speeds, the 12. The common mackerel is an important fish for
sound that it generates extended in all directions. commercial purposes.
(A) creates (A) economic
(B) manufactures (B) understandable
(C) powers (C) biological
(D) spawns (D) ecological
2. The sonnet was introduced to England by Sir 13. Mahogany is a hard, red or yellow-brown wood
Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard in the sixteenth which can be highly polished and is extensively
century. used for furniture and cabinetwork.
(A) added (A) well-bred
(B) injected (B) polite
(C) taken (C) roughed
(D) presented (D) shined
3. The most famous and historic of rowing courses 14. Beer is a broad term used to describe alcoholic
is the 2,112-meter course at Hanley-on-Thames, beverages made from cereal grains, especially
Oxfordshire, England. barley, in the form of malt.
(A) classes (A) general
(B) roads (B) specific
(C) subject (C) narrow
(D) routes (D) limited
4. The reproductive behavior of sea horses is 15. After being spun, nylon can be drawn to about
unusual in that the male, not the female, caries the four time its original length.
fertilized eggs. (A) creative
(A) overpowering (B) uncopied
(B) rare (C) initial
(C) typical (D) real
(D) unnatural 16. Hypolyte Mege Mouries invented margarine in
5. Sitting Bull joined his first war party at age 14 1869 and won the prize offered by Louis Napoleon
and soon gained a reputation for fearlessness in for the development of an inexpensive substitute for
battle. butter.
(A) a privilege (A) imitation of
(B) a distinction (B) relief of
(C) an estimation (C) copy of
(D) a feeling (D) decoy of
6. Lovebirds are noted for their pretty colors and 17. Cargo containers are as old as commerce itself.
affectionate responses to each other. (A) jars
(A) friendly (B) baskets
(B) interdependent (C) vessels
(C) uncaring (D) envelopes
(D) attached 18. steam, use to drive the earliest powered vessels,
7. Henri Matisse, whose parents were in the grain is still a common type of propulsion for large ships.
business, displayed little interest in art until he was (A) inspire
20 years old. (B) instigate
(A) flaunted (C) move
(B) pictured (D) steer
(C) showed 19. Melons can be grown in almost any fertile, well-
(D) veiled drained soil.
8. Belief in a guardian spirit is wide spread among (A) rich
Native American cultures. (B) desert
(A) ancestral (C) dry
(B) protector (D) reproductive
(C) haunting 20. Porgies are generally shallow-water fisher and
(D) friendly are found throughout tropical and temperate waters.
9. The manufacture of lumber in sawmills is the (A) moderate
oldest continuous commercial enterprise in the (B) icy
United States. (C) very warm
(A) construction (D) cold
(B) production 21. Periodically, the price of oil soars on the world
(C) destruction marked.
(D) printing (A) falls
10. A delayed light emission, or afterglow, is (B) glides
generally called phosphorescence. (C) turns
(A) postponed (D) rises
(B) synchronized 22. Noise pollution is usually considered in terms of
(C) reactive the intensity of the noise level.
(D) bright (A) magnitude
11. It is disputable how far down in the animal (B) brightness
series lymphoid tissue is found. (C) annoyance
(A) uncertain (D) type
(B) scandalous 23. The porkpie hat, so called because of its shape
(C) disagreeable became popular with both men and women in the
(D) surprising nineteenth century.
(A) unknown
 (B) respected (B) wild
(C) fashionable (C) quiet
(D) accepted (D) national
24. Mercury is the only terrestrial planet with a 28. Quills are the hollow, horny barrel of birds
magnetic field besides Earth. feathers used as principal writing instruments from
(A) meadow the sixth century to the mid-nineteenth century,
(B) course when steel pen-points were introduced.
(C) area (A) means
(D) battleground (B) implements
25. Project Head Star, which was inaugurated in the (C) noisemakers
United States in 1965, is a federally funded (D) procedures
preschool program for economically and culturally 29. During the 300 years between its introduction
disadvantaged children. into medicine and World War I, quinine was the only
(A) installed effective remedy for malaria.
(B) initiated (A) solution
(C) conceived (B) plan
(D) crafted (C) bacteria
26. The Pueblo Indians are the historic descendants (D) treatment
of the prehistoric Anasazi people, who lived in the 30. The Appalachian Mountains form a barrier
southwestern deserts of the United States. between the Eastern states of the United States and
(A) ancestors the lowlands of the continental interior.
(B) precedents (A) container
(C) offspring (B) fence
(D) consequences (C) passage
27. The voice of the puma, an American lion, is (D) obstacle
similar to that of a domestic house cat, but louder.
(A) tame

Part 2: Reading Comprehension

Directions: In the rest of this section you will read several passages. Each passages is followed by questions about it.
Choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), for each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the
question and fill in the oval that corresponds to the letter of your answer choices. Base your answer choices on what is
started or implied in the reading passage.

Read the following passage:

A new hearing device is now available for some hearing-impaired people. This device uses a magnet to hold the
detachable sound-processing portion in place. Like other aids, it coverts sound into vibrations. But it is unique in that it
can transmit the vibrations directly to the magnet, and then to the inner ear. This produces a clearer sound. The new
device will not help all hearing-impaired people, only those with a hearing loss causes by infection or some other
problem in the meddle ear. It will probably help no more than 20 percent of all people with hearing problem. Those
people, however, who have persistent ear infections should find relief and restored hearing with the new device.

1. What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?

(A) To describe a new cure for ear infections

(B) To inform the reader of a new device
(C) To urge doctors to use a new device
(D) To explain the use of a magnet

The authors main purpose is to inform the reader of a new device for hearing-impaired people. Therefore, you should
choose answer (B).

2. The word relief in the last sentence means.

(A) less distress

(B) assistance
(C) distraction
(D) relaxation

The phrase lees distress is similar meaning to relief in this sentence. Therefore, you should choose answer (A).

Now begin with the questions.

Questions 31 33 waft up warm air releases its energy as a giant spark

lightning.
Ice can literally electrify a thunderstorm. When
big hailstones collide with tiny ice crystals, they seem to 31. The main idea of this paragraph about storms is
knock off one electric charge from the crystal. The stones to explain
get a negative charge and the crystal becomes positive. (A) why big hailstones fall
As the heavy stones fall to earth and the tiny crystals (B) how lightning is created
 (C) why warm air currents occur (B) the scientist expect to become wealthy from it
(D) how ice crystals are formed discovery
32. According to the passage, changes in the (C) no other has been found so far north
electrical charges of particles in the storm are (D) until now it has been impossible to take
caused by pictures in such icy waters
(A) chemical reactions
(B) the rain falling from the sky Questions 40 - 43
(C) collisions between the particles
(D) the mixing of warm and cold air currents This container is pressurised. Keep away from heat
33. The passages says the principal reason why the including the sun. Do not puncture or incinerate.
hailstones and ice crystals move in different FLAMMABLE do not use near fire or flame. Keep out
directions is that they have very different of reach of young children.
(A) weights
(B) charges 40. The above note on the container described is
(C) temperatures intended to
(D) shapes (A) encourage customers to buy it
(B) help user understand how to remove its
Question 34 39 contents
(C) prevent small children from spilling its
The British ship H.M.S Breadalbane sank in the contents
Canadian Artic on August 21, 1853, after being crushed (D) give owner a warning against careless
by encroaching ice while on a rescue mission. The 21 mishandling
crewmen aboard escaped over the ice to a companion 41. Most of the instructions emphasize the
vessel as the Breadalbane went down in 15 minutes. importance keeping the container
Canadian scientists now report that after a three- (A) under high pressure
year search of records about the ship, they have located it (B) far from heat or fire
sitting upright in 110 meters of water. Using a robot (C) away from careless people
camera device, they said they have remarkably clear (D) out of the hands of children
pictures of the Breadalbane, which has been well 42. Although the note does not say so, it can be
preserved by the ice and the supercold water. What we assumed that the sun mentioned because of the
have is a treasure trove of 19th century Arctic possible
exploration, reported one scientist. Located 1000 (A) effect of the suns bright warm light
kilometers above the Arctic Circle, the Breadalbane is the (B) danger of penetrating radiation
worlds northernmost known shipwreck. (C) advantages of keeping the container outside
rather than inside
34. According to the passage, the Breadalbane was (D) need for good ventilation while using the
sailing where it was on August 21, 1853, mainly to product
(A) explore the area in which it sank 43. The reason the container advises against having
(B) defend that area for the British government it near a flame is probably to prevent it from
(C) find a northwest passage to the Orient (A) exploding
(D) save the lives of other people (B) being punctured
35. What happened to the Breadalbanes crew? (C) emptying too quickly
(A) Some survived but most perished (D) having its pressure reduced
(B) Most survived but few perished
(C) All perished in the accident Questions 44 48
(D) All were rescued by another ship
36. The scientist can prove they have found the The information on a full printed page can
exact location of the Breadalbane because they quickly be sent great distances by means of a facsimile
(A) have taken underwater photos of the ship transmitter. A laser beam scans the original image. What
(B) dived down to the wreck to explore it its sees it translates either into a series of electronic
(C) managed to re-float the boat using modern impulse which travel down telephone wires or into radio
engineering techniques waves which decoded and fed to an electronic pen.
(D) retrieved some object from the wreck with the
ships name on them 44. The information sent by this system is carried
37. The reason that the scientist called the wreck a great distances
treasure trove is that they expect it to yield a lot of (A) on a printed page
(A) precious metals (B) as electric pulses
(B) valuable foreign goods (C) on a beam of light
(C) precious stones (D) as sound waves
(D) valuable information 45. The original images (sentence 2) is the same
38. The main reason that they can be sure to expect as the
to learn a great deal about 19th century Arctic (A) printed page
exploration from the wreck is the (B) transmitter
(A) no other ship ever sank in waters so far north (C) laser beam
(B) water currents are gentle there so the ship was (D) receiving station
not moved 46. When does the laser beam come into operation?
(C) the camera they are using is a robot (A) Before the message is sent
(D) the ship has been extremely well preserved by (B) After the message has been transmitted
the severe cold (C) Before the message is first printed
39. The principal historical distinction of this wreck, (D) After the message is decoded
when compared with others, is that 47. The final step in the transmission process
(A) it has lain undisturbed for so long described certainly must be
 (A) receiving the information at the receiving possible weapon with which to attack cancer): Biology
station has become as unthinkable without gene splicing
(B) decoding the electronic impulse techniques as sending an explorer into the jungle without
(C) printing the information on a new page of a compass.
paper
(D) bouncing the message off of a satellite 54. Which one of the following technique of genetic
48. A major advantage of the system, according to engineering is employed to modify the mechanisms
the passage, is its of heredity in an organism?
(A) cost (A) The creation of hybridomas
(B) speed (B) Cell fusion
(C) novelty (C) Gene splicing
(D) accuracy (D) DNA synthesis
55. Antibodies against diseases can apparently be
Questions 49 53 produced in the laboratory from
(A) hybridomas
Seventy percent of all living species including (B) fused cells
all dinosaurs were wiped of surface of the earth 65 (C) spliced genes
million years ago. There have been various theories that (D) artificially synthesized DNA
their extinction was caused by a great catastrophe of one 56. According to the passage, the technique that
sort or another. But now. Instead of mere speculation, it interests genetic engineers the most is
has almost become an established fact that a meteor did (A) producing interferon
the job. (B) gene splicing
The impact on earth of a large meteorite would (C) cell fusion
have raised a dust veil blocking off enough sunlight to (D) creating hybridomas
stop photosynthesis, the process by which plants make 57. The interferon that Professor Wiessman
the food necessary for their survival. This would have produced was notable for being the first
killed them, destroying the food on which animals (A) ever to have created
depended, and would have triggered a brief Ice Age, (B) to successfully cure cancer
reducing still further the number of survivors. (C) ever to be located and identified in a human
being
49. The writer states as a fact that about 65 million (D) ever to be synthesized in a laboratory
years ago, most species of plants and animals 58. The quotation of Professor Weissman is
(A) migrated from the land into the water basically intended to explain that
(B) moved to the surface of the earth (A) interferon is as vital to biology as a compass is
(C) were destroyed completely to a jungle
(D) had not been created (B) the jungle is as important to an explorer as
50. The passage states that it is most likely that the biology is to genetic engineering
extinction of many species was caused by (C) an explorer should not enter the jungle without
(A) an object from outer space a compass
(B) a nuclear explosion on earth (D) gene splicing henceforth will be a fundamental
(C) a large increase in global temperature part of biology
(D) intense radiation from outer space
51. According to the article, which one of the Questions 59 60
following effects of the collision would have been
most harmful to plants? For each of these questions, choose the answer that is
(A) The great heat closest in meaning to the original sentences. Note that
(B) Dangerous radiation several of the choices may be factually correct, but
(C) A severe earthquake should choose the one that is the closest restatement of
(D) Dark clouds covering the sun the given sentences.
52. As a result of the impact upon plantlife, the
passage implies that animal would probably have 59. Allwright certainly got was coming to him
(A) temporary stopped having young (A)
Allwright definitely deserved his punishment
(B) eventually starved to death (B)
Allwright surely obtained his package on time
(C) greatly change their diets (C)
Allwright definitely received his gift promptly
(D) rapidly moved to other places (D)
Allwright was surely informed of everything he
53. In addition to stopping photosynthesis, the dust needed to know
veil caused 60. For a student, Joe seemed to spend a surprising
(A) blindness in surviving animals amount of time doing nothing.
(B) widespread outbreaks of illness (A) Joe seemed surprising to find his student friend
(C) very low temperatures worldwide wasting time
(D) a slight increase in plant species (B) Joe didnt seem to be doing anything when a
friend surprising him at school
Questions 54 58 (C) Joe seemed to do nothing for his friends while
he was a student
In recent years, scientists have developed a (D) Joe seemed to have a lot of free time despite
number of technique in genetic engineering. Most aim at being a student
modifying the hereditary mechanisms of micro-
organisms or cells for purposes of research, and the
creation of hybridomas, against disease. But of all
designed to produces pure antibodies for use consider the
most exciting. Says the University of Zurichs Charles
Weissman, 50, who in 1980 became the first scientist to
make bacteria produce a facsimile of human interferon (a