Sepam 100 LD Contents

Presentation 2
High impedance differential protection 3
Specifying the sensors 4
Surge limiter 6
Description and connection 7
Connection diagrams of the accessories 8
Example of applications 9
Characteristics 10
Installation 11
Commissioning 13
Order from 14

[Link] 
 Sepam 100 LD Presentation

Sepam 100
PE41200

Sepam 100 is a group of modules that may be used:

b separately to perform a function
b in combination with a Sepam protection relay.
b Each module has been designed to perform a complete function.
b It includes all the elements required, such as:
b tripping output relays
b annunciation, settings
b connections.

Sepam 100 LD
Sepam 100 LD is a high impedance differential relay.
It provides restricted earth fault, busbar and machine protection.

Advantages
b stability with respect to external faults
b sensitivity to internal faults
b speed (typical response time: 15 ms to 5 Is)
b outputs with or without latching
b local and remote acknowledgment
b high level of immunity to electromagnetic interference.

Description
Sepam 100 LD is available in 4 versions:
b single-phase for restricted earth protection
b three-phase for busbar and machine protection
b 50 or 60 Hz
50 Hz single-phase: 100 LD X 51
50 Hz three-phase: 100 LD X 53
60 Hz single-phase: 100 LD X 61
60 Hz three-phase: 100 LD X 63.

Sepam 100 LD
The front of Sepam 100 LD includes:
b 2 signal lamps:
v power “on” indicator
DE40950

v latching “trip” indicator indicating output relay tripping

b protection setting dial
b “reset” button for acknowledging output relays and the “trip” indicator.
When the button is activated, the “trip” indicator undergoes a lamp test.

The back of Sepam 100 LD includes:

b input/output connectors:
v an 8-pin connector for toroid inputs and remote acknowledgment
v an 8-pin connector for “tripping” outputs and power supply
v a 4-pin connector for “tripping” outputs
b a microswitch used to configure the relay “with” or “without” latching.

Sepam 100 LD has:

b 1 or 3 current inputs with a common point according to whether it is a single-phase
or three-phase version
b a logic input (isolated) for remote acknowledgment
b “tripping” output relay with 5 contacts
3 normally open contacts and 2 normally closed contacts).

Sepam 100 LD operates in 5 voltage ranges (please specify when ordering):

b 24-30 Vdc
b 48-125 Vdc
b 220-250 Vdc
b 100-127 Vac
b 220-240 Vac.

Sepam 100 LD is associated with a stabilization plate (or 3 plates) with variable
Sepam 100 LD: front panel resistance, enabling operation with 1 A or 5 A transformers.

 [Link]
Sepam 100 LD High impedance differential
protection

Operation curve

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Settings
Settings Setting values
Setting current Is 5 to 40 % In by steps of 5 % In
40 to 80 % In by steps of 10 % In
The dial on the front of the device is used for setting
Stabilizing resistor plate Rs = 0 Ω to 68 Ω P = 280 W
Rs = 0 Ω to 150 Ω P = 280 W
Rs = 0 Ω to 270 Ω P = 280 W
Rs = 0 Ω to 470 Ω P = 180 W
Rs = 0 Ω to 680 Ω P = 180 W
Accuracy / performance
Setting ±5 %
Pickup (%) 93 % ±5 %
Response time y 10 ms for I u 10 Is
y 16 ms for I u 5 Is
y 25 ms for I u 2 Is
Memory time y 30 ms

Parameter setting
Microswitch SW1, accessible Without latching:
on the back of Sepam 100
LD, is used to choose “with”
or “without” latching.

With latching:

[Link] 
 Sepam 100 LD Specifying the sensors

Current transformers
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To ensure the stability and sensitivity of Sepam 100 LD, the stabilization resistor and
characteristics of the current transformers (CTs) are calculated as follows.

Choice of current transformers

b all the CTs must have the same transformation ration
b the knee-point voltages are chosen so that:
Vk > 2 x (R + Rf) x isc

Choice of stabilizing resistor

R + Rf x isc < Rs ≤ Vk
is 2 x is

Surge limiter
The approximate voltage developed by a CT in the event of an internal fault is:
n: CT transformation ratio V = 2√ 2 x Vk x (isc x (R + Rf + Rs) - Vk)
p: Number of CTs If the value exceeds 3 kV, it is necessary to add an Rl surge limiter in parallel with the
Rf1, Rf2: Wiring resistance on either side of Rs relay and stabilizing resistor in order to protect the CTs (see: surge limiter).
Rf = max (Rf1, Rf2)
R1, ...Rp: CT secondary resistances
R = max (R1, ...Rp)
Protection sensitivity
The CTs consume magnetizing current and the surge limiter, when installed, creates
Rs: Stabilizing resistor
fault current. The minimum residual primary current detected by the protection is
Rl: Surge limiter
therefore:
isc: Maximum external short-circuit
Id = n x (im1 + …imp + if + is)
current in CT secondary winding
with
is : Protection setting (A)
b im1, …imp are read on the CT magnetization curves at V = Rs x is
if: Current in Rl b if is the total earth leakage current of the surge limiter for Vs = Rs x is, i.e. the sum
im1, imp: CT magnetizing currents of the earth leakage currents of the N limiter units installed in parallel: if = N x ib
Vk1, Vkp: CT knee-point voltages (see: surge limiter).
Vk = min (Vk1,...Vkp)

Example 1: Restricted earth (single-phase relay)

Data:
b Isc primary = 8 kA
b n: 400/1 A
b R = 2,4 Ω
b CTs situated 60 m from the relays
b connected by 6 mm2 wiring (copper)
Rf = 0,020 x ( 2 60 ) = 0,4 Ω
x
6
b number of sensors in parallel: 4 (same)
b setting: Is = 20 % In, is = 0.2 A.

CT knee-point voltage
isc = 8000/400 = 20 A
(R + Rf) x isc = (2,4 + 0,4) x 20 = 56 V
Vk > 2 x 56 = 112 V
e.g.: Vk = 140 V.

Stabilizing resistor
56 140
< Rs ≤
0,2 (2 x 0,2)

280 < Rs ≤ 350

The resistance is adjustable from 0 to 470 Ω. It is set to 300 Ω.

Surge limiter ?
V = 2√ 2 x 140 (20 (2.4 + 0.4 + 300) - 140)
V = 2574 V < 3 kV
It’s not necessary to install a surge limiter in parallel.

Minimum primary default current detected by the protection

For V = Rs x is = 60 V
The CT magnetization curve indicates im = 10 mA
Id = 400 (4 x 0.01 + 0.2) = 96 A

 [Link]
Sepam 100 LD Specifying the sensors

Example 2: Busbar differential protection (three-

phase relay)
Data:
b switchboard with 10 cubicles incomer and feeder, without coupling
b Isc = 30 kA
b n: 2000/5 A
b R = 1.76 Ω
b CTs situated 15 m from the relays
b connected by 2.5 mm2 wiring (copper):

Rf = 0,02 x ( 2 15 ) = 0,24 Ω
x
2,5
b number of sensors in parallel: 10 (same)
b setting: is = 50 % In, is = 2.5 A.

CT knee-point voltage
isc = 30000 x 5/2000 = 75 A
(R + Rf) x isc = (1.76 + 0.24) x 75 = 150 V
Vk > 2 x 150 = 300 V
e.g.: Vk = 320 V.

Stabilizing resistor
150 320
< Rs ≤
2,5 (2 x 2,5)

60 Ω < Rs ≤ 64 Ω
The resistance is adjustable from 0 to 68 Ω. It is set to 64 Ω.

Surge limiter ?
V = 2√ 2 x 320 (75 (1.76 + 0.24 + 64) - 320)
V = 3443 V > 3 kV
It’s not necessary to install a surge limiter in parallel.

Minimum primary default current detected by the protection

For V = Rs x is = 160 V
The CT magnetization curve indicates im = 20 mA.
The leakage current curve of the surge limiter indicates il = 4 mA.
The number of surge limiters is:

75
N≥ = 2, hence
40

2000
Id = (10 x 0,02 + 0,004 + 2,5) = 1083 A
5

[Link] 
Sepam 100 LD Surge limiter

If the calculations have shown that it is necessary to install a surge limiter in parallel
with the relay and Rs to protect the CTs, it is determined as follows..

Choice
Standard references
b the surge limiters on offer consist of limiter blocks which are independent of each
other. Each block accepts a maximum current of 40 A RMS for 1 s. By installing the
blocks in parallel, it is possible to obtain the appropriate limiter for the application.

b there are two standard references:

v a single module, comprising one block
v a triple module, comprising three independent blocks which are aligned.

Calculation of the number of blocks per phase

According to i, max. RMS short-circuit current in the secondary winding of a CT, the
number of blocks required per phase is calculated: N ≥ l
40
b for a three-phase relay, N triple modules should be ordered
b for a single-phase relay, N blocks, made up of triple and single modules.

Example 1
b max. RMS short-circuit current in the primary winding of a CT
with a ratio of 1000: 60 kA
b calculation of the number of blocks per phase:
60000
N≥ = 1,5 , hence N = 2
(1000 x 40)
b modules to be ordered:
v 2 triple modules for a three-phase relay
v 2 single modules for a single-phase relay.

Example 2
b max. RMS short-circuit current in the primary winding of a CT
with a ratio of 400: 50 kA
b single-phase relay.
b calculation of the number of blocks per phase:
50000
N≥ = 3,1 , hence N = 4
(400 x 40)

b modules to be ordered:
1 triple module + 1 single module to have 4 blocks in all.

Earth leakage current

A limiter block accepts a max. steady state voltage of 325 V RMS and presents an
earth fault current lb:
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 Sepam 100 LD Description and connection

Rear panel Functional and connection diagram

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0A : 8-pin CCA608 connector Note: only 0A1 and 0A2 terminals are available in the single-phase version.
(torold and remote reloading inputs); screw terminal wiring
with 0.6 to 2.5 mm2 wires, each terminal being capable of
receiving two 1.5 mm2 wires. Terminal identification
Each terminal is identified by 3 characters.
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1 A 4
1A : 8-pin CCA608 connector
(power supply and “annunciation and tripping” outputs); Board slot number (0 to 1)
screw terminal wiring with 0.6 to 2.5 mm2 wires, each terminal
being capable of receiving
two 1.5 mm2 wires. Connector identification
letter (A or B)
Connector terminal number
1B : CCA604 connector ("annuciation" outputs);
screw terminal wiring with 0.6 to 2.5 mm2 wires, each terminal
being capable of receiving two 1.5 mm2 wires. t : ground terminal

[Link] 
Sepam 100 LD Connexion diagrams of the
accessories

Stabilization plate
Connection of CTs and surge limiters:
b 5 A rating: between terminals 1-2 and 3-4
b 1 A rating: between terminals 1-2 and 5-6

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b items 1 to 6: clamp screw connections for 6 mm2 wire

b items 1, 2: secondary of CSH30 core balance CT, connected to 0A
Wire to be used:
b sheathed, shielded wire
b min. cross-section 0.93 mm2 (AWG 18) (max. 2.5 mm2)
b resistance load per unit length < 100 mΩ/m
b min. dielectric strength: 1000 V
b max. length: 2 m.

Connect the wire shielding in the shortest way possible to 0A

The shielding is grounded in Sepam 100 LD. Do not ground the wire by any other
means.
Press the wire against the metal frame of the cubicle to improve immunity to radiated
interference.

Surge limiter
b single unit = outputs with screw M10
b triple unit = outputs with holes ø 10.4
(see,”installation”).

b Example 1 (N = 2 blocks per phase): 2 triple modules for a three-phase relay.

32123

b Example 2 (N = 2 blocks per phase): b Example 3 (N = 4 blocks per phase)

2 single modules for a single-phase relay. 1 triple module + 1 single module for
a single-phase relay.
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Sepam 100 LD Example of applications

Restricted earth protection (single-phase)

1A CT

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Busbar protection (three-phase)

5 A CT - with surge limiters
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Note: ■ = correspondence between primary and secondary connections (e.g. P1, S1).

[Link] 
Sepam 100 LD Characteristics

Electrical characteristics
Analog inputs ( with plate)
Constant current 10 ln
3 sec. current 500 ln
Logic input ( remote reset)
Voltage 24/250 Vdc 127/240 Vac
Maximum power consumption 3.5 W 3.7 VA
Logic outputs
Constant current 8A
Voltage 24/30 Vdc 48 Vdc 127 Vdc/Vac 220 Vdc/Vac
Breaking capacity (contact 01) Resistive dc load 7A 4A 0.7 A 0.3 A
Resistive dc load 8A 8A
Resistive dc load 3.4 A 2A 0.3 A 0.15 A
Resistive dc load 4A 4A
Power supply
Range Consumption when inactive Max. consumption Inrush current
24/30 Vdc ±20 % 2.5 W 6W < 10 A for 10 ms
48/125 Vdc ±20 % 3W 6W < 10 A for 10 ms
220/250 Vdc -20 % +10% 4W 8W < 10 A for 10 ms
100/127 Vac -20 % + 10 % 6 VA 10 VA < 15 A for 10 ms
220/240 Vac -20 % + 10 % 12 VA 16 VA < 15 A for 10 ms
Operating frequency 47.5 to 63 Hz

Environmental characteristics
Climatic
Operation IEC 60068-2 -5 °C to 55 °C
Storage IEC 60068-2 -25 °C to 70 °C
Damp heat IEC 60068-2 95% to 40 °C
Influence of corrosion IEC 60654-4 Class I
Mechanical
Degree of protection IEC60529 IP41 On front
Vibration IEC 60255-21-1 Class I
Shocks and bumps IEC 60255-21-2 Class I
Earthquakes IEC 60255-21-3 Class I
Fire IEC 60695-2-1 Glow wire
Electrical insulation
Power frequency IEC 60255-5 2 kV - 1 mn
1.2/50 µs impulse wave IEC 60255-5 5 kV
Electromagnetic compatibility
Immunity to radiation IEC 60255-22-3 Class X 30 V/m
Electrostatic sicharges IEC 60255-22-2 Class III
Single-direction transients IEC 61000-4-5
Damped 1 MHz wave IEC 60255-22-1 Class III
5 ns fast transients IEC 60255-22-4 Class IV
Note: “e” marking on our product guarantees their conformity to European directives.

10 [Link]
Sepam 100 LD Installation

Sepam 100 LD
Relay Cutout

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Weight: 1.9 kg

Stabilization plate
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Weight: 1.7 kg

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Sepam 100 LD Installation

Surge limiter
Single unit

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Weight: 1.2 kg max.

Triple unit
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Weight: 3.1 kg max.

12 [Link]
 Sepam 100 LD Commissioning

Plate
b before installing the plate, set the required resistance using the ohmmeter
b wire the current transformers to the terminals that correspond to their current
rating, in parallel with surge limiters:
v between 1-2 and 3-4 for 5 A
v between 1-2 and 5-6 for 1 A.

Relay
b set microswitch SW1, located on the back, to “with” or “without” latching (see page
3)
b adjust the front dial to the required setting.

Testing
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Using a temporary connection (1 turn), inject a current 20 % above the setting

(5 A rating) into the toroid primary and check that the relay trips.

Example: Is = 40 % In.
I = 0.4 x 5 A x 1.2 = 2.4 A.

The test is carried out on each of the three plates if a three-phase relay is being
used.

[Link] 13
Sepam 100 LD Order form

When ordering Sepam 100 LD, stabilization plate Sepam 100 S01 LD (supplied with connections and mounting lugs)
and/or surge limiters, please enclose a photocopy of Quantity
this page with your order, filling in the requested
quantities in the spaces provided and Rated frequency 50 Hz
ticking off the boxes to indicate your choices. 60 Hz
Version Single-phase
Three-phase
Auxiliary power supply 24 to 30 Vdc
48 to 125 Vdc
220 to 250 Vdc
100 to 127 Vac
220 to 240 Vac

Stabilization plate
Resistance 68 Ω - 280 W
150 Ω - 280 W
270 Ω - 280 W
470 Ω - 180 W
680 Ω - 180 W

Surge limiters
Single unit
Triple unit

14 [Link]
Sepam 100 LD Notes

[Link] 15
Sepam 100 LD Notes

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