CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

The LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans-gender) community is now becoming

acceptable in many parts of the world. Some countries have preserved the rights and personality of the

LGBT and their movements in civil rights are being recognized by the law. In fact, the United States begun

celebrating the annual observance of LGBT History Month in 1994 and it has since been picked

up in other countries. This observance involves highlighting the history of the people, LGBT

rights and related civil rights movement. Now, a new issue related to them arises and it is the

implementation of the Same-sex Marriage that allows them to live-in legally. Same-sex

marriage is a marriage of a same-sex couple entered into a civil or religious ceremony. The term

marriage equality refers to a political status in which the marriage of same-sex couples and the

opposite-sex couples are recognized as equal by the law. This marriage can provide those in

committed in same-sex relationship, who paid their taxes, government services and make

financial demands on them comparable to that offered to and required of these in opposite-sex

marriage, and also, give them legal protections such as inheritance and hospital visitation rights.

(Wikipedia, 2018) The legal status of same-sex marriage has changed in recent years in

numerous jurisdictions around the world. The Netherlands was the first country to legalize same-

sex marriages, with the first marriages performed in the Amsterdam city hall on 1 April 2001.

Since then, same-sex marriages have been performed legally in Belgium (2003), Spain (2005),

Canada (2005), South Africa (2006), Norway (2009), Sweden (2009), Portugal (2010), Iceland

(2010), Argentina (2010), Denmark (2012), Brazil (2013), France (2013), Uruguay (2013), New

Zealand (2013), the United Kingdom (2014), Luxembourg (2015), the United States (2015),
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Ireland (2015), Colombia (2016), Finland (2017), Malta (2017), Germany (2017) and Australia

(2017). In Mexico, same-sex marriages are performed in Mexico City (2010) and in twelve states

but same-sex marriages are legally recognized throughout the country. Austria will begin

performing same-sex marriages by January 2019. (Wikipedia, 2018) On the other hand, our

country, Philippines, does not offer any legal recognition to same-sex marriage, civil unions or

domestic partnership benefits. In March 2017, however, President Duterte said that he personally

opposes same-sex marriage. On 17 December 2017, he changed his position on the issue,

expressing his support again. He further guaranteed that, during his term, the rights of LGBT

people in the Philippines would be protected and nurtured. In October 2016, Speaker of the

House of Representatives Pantaleon Alvarez announced that he would file a bill to legalize civil

unions for both opposite-sex and same-sex couples. As of 25 October 2016, more than 150 law

makers have signified their support for the bill. On March 2018, the Supreme Court of the

Philippines approved the scheduling of a same-sex marriage petition that seeks to invalidate

Articles 1 and 2 of the Family Code. Two days after the first arguments occurred, the presidential

palace of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte stated that it was "too soon for same-sex marriage

in the Philippines", causing outrage from various human rights organizations. Additionally,

Senate President Tito Sotto, an ally of the Philippines President, commented: "Same sex union,

no problem. Marriage? Debatable", saying that he will vote in favor of same-sex civil unions, a

turnaround from previous pronouncements in 2016 and 2017 where he was against both same-

sex civil unions and same-sex marriage. (Wikipedia, 2018).

It is indeed that Philippines soon allowed Same-sex Marriage to be legal in the country,

as the President would have favor to pursue it. As we all know once this proposition signed into

a law, marriage for the same-sex would be an interesting topic to talk about. Loads of
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
controversy would arise for our republic is a religious country and the majority of people are

being adherents of the Christian faith with the total of 92% of the population of the Philippines,

according to Wikipedia (2018) which is highly opposed to the marriage of the same-sex.

However, this research paper studies the perception of Coronians towards the central issue, the

same-sex marriage which could give helpful knowledge to every branch of the society

concerning the marriage of the same-sex and its constituents. The exploration of this study can

take us to a significant journey which can address us to effectively address our mind into

understanding the concept and denotation behind the same-sex marriage.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the following:

1. What is the profile of the respondents according to their:

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Civil Status

d. Educational Attainment

e. Religious Affiliation

2. What are the perceptions of Coronians towards same-sex marriage?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the demographic profile of Coronians and

their perceptions towards same-sex marriage?

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

Significance of the Study

This study entitled “THE PERCEPTION OF CORONIANS TOWARDS SAME-

SEX MARRIAGE” aimed to provide the assistance or the aids of the following:

Local Government. The study could help the local government of Coron to further

understand the concept of same-sex marriage, and with this study, the government official can

use this as a tool to determine the principles and the consequences to implement policy in

relation with the same-sex marriage once this endorsed proposition turned into a bill or a law.

Residence. This study may become beneficial to the coronians, for they could get enough

knowledge about the same-sex marriage along with the study of this research paper.

LGBT Community. The study could provide assistance most especially to the LGBT.

This will aid them knowledge to further understand the same-sex marriage and could help them

know their roles concerning this issue.

Future researchers. The researchers who will be conducting a study related to this topic

may use this study as a basis and this will served as a source of information for them to gain

more additional knowledge through the fulfillment of their interest about the Research Study.

Scope and Delimitation

The study was focused and dealt on the “Perceptions of Coronians towards the Same-

Sex Marriage” depicted on their insight to be validated based on their responses on the survey

given. It was delimited in terms of respondent, locale and duration.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
For the data gathering stage, the respondents are the citizens of Coron, Palawan. The

population of the sample for the research study is no more than 40 individuals.

The study came off in the Municipality of Coron, specifically in the vicinity of Barangay

Poblacion 1 near the school campus.

The study was conducted on June 2018 and finished not exceeding the end of the month

of October 2018.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to Joseph Chamie and Barry Mirkin (2011), it is widely recognized that the

institutions of marriage and the family have been undergoing transformation, especially during

the second half of the twentieth century (Cherlin 2004). In addition, a variety of nontraditional

arrangements, such as cohabitation, nonmarital childbearing, and interracial and interreligious

relationships, have become more common and accepted, especially in the country, Philippines. In

contrast, acceptance of same-sex relationships continues to face considerable opposition,

hostility, and suppression (Erskridge and Spedale 2006). In fact, prior to the twenty-first century

no country permitted same-sex couples to wed legally and only six countries—Denmark, France,

Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden—officially recognized same-sex couples as

registered partnerships.

Given its regency and its controversial nature, most discussions dealing with same-sex

marriage, especially those appearing in the public media, focus on the legal,social, and moral

reasons for and against allowing same-sex couples to wed legally. While little demographic

research exists on same-sex marriage, studies are available on legal same-sex registered unions

and partnerships, which have been in existence for some 20 years (Festy 2006; Erskridge and

Spedale 2006; Gallagher and Baker 2004; Andersson et al. 2004; Jepsen and Jepsen 2002; Black

et al. 2000).
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
The first country to legally recognize same-sex partnerships was Denmark in 1989. In

response to growing demand in the country, there was an initial surge in the number of legal

same sex partnerships registered. The first-year surge continued into the second year and was

followed by a tapering off toward stabilization, usually one percent or less of all marital unions.

Patterns similar to those in Denmark were subsequently observed in neighboring countries, such

as Norway and Sweden, when they legally recognized same-sex partnerships (Festy 2006).

Two other findings on same-sex partnerships are particularly relevant for the present

study. First, in some countries—for example, Denmark, Germany, Norway, and Sweden—gay

partnerships were more prevalent than lesbian partnerships at least initially (Erskridge and

Spedale 2006). By contrast, in other countries, such as Finland, Iceland, and the Netherlands,

which recognized same-sex partnerships more recently, numerical balances between gay and

lesbian partnerships were observed at the outset (Festy 2006). Second, although the time period

has been relatively short, it appears that the likelihood of divorce is greater for lesbian

partnerships than gay partnerships (Andersson et al. 2004; Gallagher and Baker 2004).

However, Same-sex marriage in the Philippines remains a highly contentious issue due to

the influence of religion in this predominantly Christian country, where it is often framed as an

issue of morality (Ochoa et al., 2016). In the Philippines, local activists have tried to avoid this

discussion in favor of advocating anti-discrimination laws (Lim & Jordan, 2013). Nevertheless, it

is an important issue to discuss, as studies have shown that legal recognition of same-sex

partners reduces social exclusion, alleviates the oppressive effects of institutionalized stigma,

and increases access to more benefits and resources, which in turn can improve mental and

physical health (Badgett, 2009 ; Buffie, 2010). Likewise, global changes, especially the recent

US Supreme Court decision to legalize same-sex marriage have raised the issue locally. Legal
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
and political hurdles abound in the Philippine context – notably, the Family Code which

stipulates that marriage must be between a man and a woman (Executive Order 209, 1987).

Although legal petitions challenging the Family Code in favor of same-sex marriage have been

created, none have prospered.

A major factor in the Philippine context is the influence of the Catholic Church, which

strongly opposes same-sex marriage (Villegas, 2015). However, the hold of the Church on

legislation may not necessarily be absolute, as seen in the recent passage of the Reproductive

Health (RH) Law, which had strong public support despite vocal opposition from Church

leaders. Notably, to counteract anti-RH advocates’ emphasis on God and the sanctity of life in

their moral messaging (Luczon & Francisco, 2015; Montiel, Umel, & de Leon, 2015), lay

advocates of the RH Law emphasized the moral discourse of rights, highlighting the law as one

that is pro-life and promoting responsible parenthood. Other Christian denominations, such those

belonging to the Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches (PCEC) on the other hand,

defended the RH initiative on grounds of equality, arguing that the law is not only pro-life but

also pro-poor and pro-development (Araullo, 2011). Quite unexpectedly, the PCEC also claimed

to have found ―nothing immoral‖ with the RH proposition. It is therefore important to

understand how social psychological factors such as the interplay of religiosity and morality

leverage public opinion on issues, which may have an impact on policies on same-sex marriage.

Some factors have been consistently linked to such attitudes, with women, younger

people, and liberals more likely to approve of same-sex marriage. Political conservatives and

religious people, in contrast, are more likely to hold negative attitudes toward same-sex marriage

(Duncan & Kemmelmeier, 2012; Herek, 2011; Koleva, Graham, Iyer, Ditto, & Haidt, 2012). It

comes as no surprise that religiosity is linked to same-sex marriage attitudes given

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
pronouncements in religious doctrines against homosexual acts (Olson, Cadge, & Harrison,

2006). On the surface, this may suggest that the predominant Catholicism in the Philippines

would certainly predict negative attitudes toward same-sex marriage. However, studies looking

into attitudes toward same-sex marriage typically consider religiosity in terms of frequency of

attendance in religious ceremonies and membership in a religious denomination (Brumbaugh et

al., 2008; Duncan & Kemmelmeier, 2012; Olson, Cadge, & Harrison, 2006). This may fail to

capture other facets of religiosity, especially in a context such as the Philippines where 80.6% of

the population is Roman Catholic (Bueza, 2015) and 87% consider religion very important in

their lives (Pew Research Center, 2015). Religious attendance may instead be a social activity, or

something done out of routine or conformity to social norms. Thus, other religious behaviors

such as praying and reading religious texts may give a more complete picture of religiosity

(Dy Liacco et al., 2009).

It is indeed that Philippines soon allowed Same-sex Marriage to be legal in the country,

as the President would go for it. As we all know once this proposition signed into a law, marriage

for the same-sex would be an interesting topic to talk about. Loads of controversy would arise

for our republic is a religious country and the majority of people being adherents of the Christian

faith with the total of 92% of the population of the Philippines, according to Wikipedia (2018)

which is highly opposed to the marriage of the same-sex. However, this research paper studies

the perception of Coronians towards the central issue, the same-sex marriage which could give

helpful knowledge to every branch of the society concerning the marriage of the same-sex and its

constituents. The exploration of this study can take us to a significant journey which can address

us too effectively address our mind into understanding the concept and denotation behind the

same-sex marriage.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

Conceptual Framework

This study aims to determine “The perceptions of Coronians towards Same-Sex

Marriage’’. The Research Paradigm shows the relationship of the demographic profile of the

respondents about their “Perceptions towards the Same-Sex Marriage.’’

The independent variables of the study are the demographic profile of Coronians in terms

of Age, Gender, Civil Status, Educational Attainment and Religious Affiliation. Nonetheless, the

dependent variables are the perceptions of Coronians towards the Same-Sex Marriage.

Research Paradigm

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Demographic profile of respondents

a. Age

b. Gender
“The Perceptions of Coronians
c. Civil Status towards the Same-Sex Marriage”

d. Educational Attainment

e. Religious Affiliation
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Figure 1. This figure shows the relationship of the demographic profile of the respondents about

their “Perceptions towards the Same-Sex Marriage”.

Hypothesis of the Study

There is a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and “The

Perceptions of Coronians towards Same-Sex Marriage’’ in terms of Age, Gender, Civil

Status, Educational Attainment and Religious Affiliation.

Definition of Terms

Coronians – refers to the respondents of the study that currently resides in the Municipality of

Coron, Palawan.

Educational Attainment – this is one of the independent variables of the study which refers to

the degree of education attained by the respondents.

Gender – in this study it refers to the gender preferences and expression of the respondent.

LGBT – a general referral to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender/Transsexual community.

Perception – means an empirical experience, knowledge, thought or opinion of the respondents

toward the Same-Sex Marriage. Religious Affiliation – is the close connection between the

respondents and his/her religion that relates to its significant relationship to the perception

towards same-sex marriage.

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Same-Sex Marriage - The central topic or issue of the study which refers to the legal union

between two people of the same-sex.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter is hereby presented to describe eloquently the method in which the

researchers used in collecting and analyzing data and information. It includes as well the

research design, population and sample, instruments and data collection that are being used.

Research Design

Quantitative approach, descriptive-correlational methods of research was used. This

methodology is used to determine the relationship between the respondent’s profile and “The

Perception of Coronians towards Same-Sex Marriage”.

Research Population

The respondents of the study are the citizens of Coron, Palawan whose ages are sorted at

the range of 21 up to 50 years old. The population of the sample for the research study did not

exceed 40 persons.

Research Instrumentation
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This study used the provision under the Same-Sex Marriage proposition passed in the

Congress. The questionnaires or survey form were created by the researchers to gather data. The

research instrument included details which required the respondents profile such as Age, Gender,

Civil Status, Educational Attainment and Religious Affiliation. Through these instruments used,

all information and data needed is hereby established to determine the frequency of the

[Link] and data needed is hereby established to determine the frequency of the

variable.

Statistical Treatment

Using the Data Analysis Regression in Data Analysis using Microsoft Excel, the data

gathered had been analyzed and interpreted. The researchers used statistical tools and procedures

such as frequency count, percentage and rank with the aid of Data Analysis using Microsoft

Excel to find the P-Value which is utilized to distinguish the significant relationship between the

respondent’s profiles And “The Perception of Coronians towards Same-Sex Marriage”.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data gathered, analyzed and interpreted. It deals with “The

Perception of Coronians towards Same-Sex Marriage”. It comprises the demographic profile

of the respondents such as Age, Gender, Civil Status, Educational Attainment and Religious

Affiliation.

I. THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Table 1.1

AGE OF THE RESPONDENTS

N=40

Age Frequency Percentage Rank

21-25 13 32.5% 2
26-30 15 37.5% 1
31-35 3 7.5% 3.5
36-40 3 7.5% 3.5
41-45 3 7.5% 3.5
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

46-50 3 7.5% 3.5

Total 40 100%
The table above shows the Age of the Respondents clustered into five. The data revealed

indicates the frequency and percentage and the rank of Age of the Respondents. The respondents

who belong to the age ranging from 26 up to 30 years old with a percentage of 37.5 of the total

population acquired the highest frequency of 15 over the total number of 40, reaching it to the

first rank. While the second highest frequency who got a number of 13 over the total number of

40 are the respondents who belong to the age ranging from 21 up to 25 years of age which makes

a percentage of 32.5. However, the respondents who belong into the range of 31-35, 36-40, 41-

45, 46-50 share the same number of frequency of 3.5 over the total number of 40 reaching the

percentage of 7.5 and sorted within the same rank of being in third place.

It implies that most of the respondents who have responded to our survey sorted into the

range of 26-30 years of age.

Table 1.2

GENDER OF THE RESPONDENTS

N=40

Gender Frequency Percentage Rank

Male 8 20% 2
Female 25 62.5% 1
LGBT 7 12.5% 3
Total 40 100%
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
The above table shows the profile in the distribution of respondents according to gender.

The female respondents acquired the frequency of 25 over the total population of 40 which is

equivalent to the percentage of 62.5 leading it to the first rank. While the male respondents

acquired the frequency of 8 which it is equivalent to 20% and sorted into the second place.

Lastly, the LGBT gender preferences with the frequency of 7 which it is equivalent to 17.5%

sorted into the third place.

It implies that the most of respondents which have the highest number of frequency is the

female and followed by the male, making the LGBT as the last.

Table 1.3

CIVIL STATUS OF THE RESPONDENTS

N=40

Civil status Frequency Percentage Rank

Male 27 67.5% 1
Female 11 27.5% 2
LGBT 2 5% 3
Total 40 100%

The table above shows the profile of the respondents according to civil status. The single

respondents acquired the frequency of 27 over the total population of 40 with a percentage of

67.5 and sorted into the first rank. The married respondents acquired the frequency of 11 over the

total population of 40 with a percentage of 27.5 and sorted into the second rank. While, the

separated respondents acquired the frequency of 2 with a percentage of 5% and sorted into rank

number 3.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
It implies that most of the respondents are single followed by the married and last two

respondents are separated.

Table 1.4

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THE RESPONDENTS

N=40

Educational Frequency Percentage Rank

Attainment
Male 27 67.5% 1
Female 11 27.5% 2
LGBT 2 5% 3
Total 40 100%

The above table shows the profile distribution of the respondents according to

Educational Attainment. Wherein, the respondents who attained an education of high school

degree acquired the frequency of 29 over the total population of 40 which is equivalent to 72.5%

and sorted into rank 1. The respondents who attained an education of a college degree acquired a

frequency of 8 over 40 which is equivalent to 20% and sorted in rank 2. While the respondents

who attained an education for elementary level acquired a frequency of 3 which is equivalent to

7% and sorted into rank 3.

It implies that the most of the respondents attained an education of high school degree

which is greater than the acquired frequency of the college pursuers and followed by the

respondents who completed elementary level.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

Table 1.5

RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION OF THE RESPONDENTS

N=40

Religion Frequency Percentage Rank

Roman Catholic 18 45% 1

Born again/Baptist 14 35% 2

Adventist 5 12.5% 3
Iglesia ni Cristo 2 5% 4
Total 40 100%

The table above shows the profile distribution of the respondents according to their

Religious Affiliation. The respondents who belong to Roman Catholic acquired the frequency of

18 over 40, with a percentage of 45% and ranked at first. While the Born Again/Baptist

respondents acquired the frequency of 14 over 40 with a percentage 35% and ranked at second.

The Adventist respondents acquired the frequency of 5 with a percentage of 12.5% and ranked at

third and lastly the Iglesia Ni Cristo respondents acquired the frequency of 2 with a percentage of

5% and ranked at fourth.

It implies that the most respondents which have the highest percentage are the Roman

Catholic followed by Born Again / Baptist, then the Adventist and the last is the Iglesia ni Cristo.

II. THE PERCEPTION OF CORONIANS TOWARDS SAME-SEX MARRIAGE

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Table 2

Statements Mean Interpretation

1. Same-Sex Marriage is 1.93 Disagree

very acceptable in the

country
2. The President must 1.88 Disagree

sign the Same-Sex

Marriage into law.

3. Same-Sex Marriage 1.85 Disagree

can be a big help in the

Philippine Economy.
4. Same-Sex Marriage 1.88 Disagree

must be signed into law

due to in demand.
5. Same-Sex Marriage is 1.85 Disagree

acceptable in religious

aspect.
6. Same-Sex Marriage 2.55 Agree

should be respected by

everyone.
7. Same-Sex Marriage is 2.08 Disagree

an opportunity for the

solidarity of the country.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
8. Same-Sex Marriage is 1.9 Disagree

very good of its nature.

9. Same-Sex Marriage 1.9 Disagree

can reduce the public

affairs.
10. I support Same-Sex 1.93 Disagree

Marriage.
11. Your age has a 2.35 Disagree

significant relationship

with your perception

towards Same-Sex

Marriage.
12. Your gender has a 2.53 Agree

significant relationship

with your perception

towards Same-Sex

Marriage.
13. Your educational 2.63 Agree

attainment has a

significant relationship

with your perception

towards Same-Sex

Marriage.
14. Your civil status has a 2.43 Disagree

significant relationship
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
with your perception

towards Same-Sex

Marriage.
15. Your religion has a 2.55 Agree

significant relationship

with your perception

towards Same-Sex

Marriage.
TOTAL 2.15 DISAGREE
NOTE: 3.5-4 = Strongly Agree, 2.5-3.49 = Agree, 1.5-2.49 = Disagree, 1-1.49 = Strongly

Disagree

From the data revealed by the table above, the fifteen (15) statements containing the

measures to determine “The Perceptions of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage” acquired a

total mean score of 2.15 which states that most of Coronians are against to the bill being heard,

the Same-sex Marriage. It was then based by the mean 2.15which correspond to the

interpretation, disagree. Therefore, this result leads the study that most of Coronians did not

agree to the concept of adapting Same-sex Marriage to our country, Philippines.

The first statement which pertains to the perception towards the matter of acceptability of

the Same-sex Marriage in the country acquired the mean score of 1.93 which correspond to the

interpretation as disagree. It was then interpreted as disagree therefore, the result states that most

Coronians alleged that Same-sex Marriage is not acceptable in the country.

In statement 2, the interpretation given is disagree based on the acquired mean score of

1.88. This statement contains the notion considering that the President of the Philippine must
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
sign the Same-sex Marriage into law. The conclusion clearly states that most Coronians did not

agree to the idea of imposing the Same-sex Marriage as a law.

The third statement which refers to the affiliation of Same-sex Marriage into the

Philippine Economy attained the mean score of 1.85 which interpreted as disagree. It states that

Same-sex Marriage is disagreed by the Coronians to have a contribution to the Philippine

Economy and doesn’t have a link to each other if it is adapted in the country.

The fifth statement which relates to the religious affiliation obtained the mean score of

1.85 which is interpreted as disagree. Therefore, it was then obviously states by the Coronians

that Samesex Marriage is not acceptable in religious aspect and that it should not to be practiced

through a religious rituals and ceremonials in the Philippines.

At any rate, Coronians still believed that Same-sex Marriage should always be respected

by everyone. It was then based on the sixth statement which acquired the mean core of 2.55

which is interpreted as agree. Therefore, Coronians agreed that even they are against to the

implementation of Same-sex Marriage; it must be respected in the same way.

In statement number 7 which states that the Same-sex Marriage may become an

opportunity for the solidarity of the country but it was given an acquired mean score of 2.08

which is interpreted as disagree? Therefore the Coronians did not agree that Same-sex Marriage

may cause integrity of individuals residing in the Philippines.

While in statement number 8 which states that the Same-sex Marriage is very good in its

nature acquired the mean core 1.9 which is interpreted as disagree, it was then based on the data

analyzed. Therefore the Coronians doesn’t favor to have this kind of same sex relationship and

not be conceptualized as usual relationship in the society.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
In ninth statement which relates the Same-sex Marriage as an elucidation to reduce public

affairs resulted a mean score of 1.9 which interpreted as disagree. As a conclusion, Coronians

disagreed to consent the same-sex marriage as a reduction in resolving public affairs, instead it

triggers the division and insurgence of the churches into the government pertaining the issue

withholding unrighteousness.

While the statement number 10 which relates to the support of the Coronians towards

same sex marriage resulted a mean score of 1.93 which evaluated as disagree to the adherents. It

is only shows that the Coronians did not support this supposed bill to become legal in the

country.

However, the statement 11 refers the Age of the Respondents and it was resulted a mean

score of 2.35 which interpreted as disagree. It means that Coronians disagreed that their age has

no23 significance relation about their perception of towards the Same-sex Marriage. It clearly

implies that the maturity of the respondents is not a factor concerning their perceptions about

Same-sex Marriage.

In statement 12th with the mean score of 2.53 which is equivalent to the interpretation as

agree, implies that the gender of the respondents has been accepted that it has a significance

relation and that their Gender is a big factor concerning about their perception towards the Same-

sex Marriage.

In statement number 13 which pertains to the Educational Attainment of the

Respondents obtained a mean core of 2.63 and interpreted as agree. Accordingly, the residence

of Coron agreed that their Educational Attainment has a significance relation about their

perception towards the Samesex Marriage.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
While in statement number 14 which corresponds to the Civil Status of the Coronians

obtained a mean score of 2.43 and interpreted as disagree. The Coronians’ Civil Status has no

connection with their perception towards the Same-sex Marriage. Therefore, the respondents’

Civil Status does not contribute to their perceptions towards the issue being adheres. Lastly, the

statement number 15 refers to the Religion of the respondents which acquired a mean score of

2.55 and interpreted as agree. Therefore to conclude that the variables such as Gender,

Educational Attainment and Religious Affiliation are the factors which are highly concerned

with their perceptions towards the Same-sex Marriage, according to the data analyzed using the

mean score of the statements respectively.

III. THE RESPONDENTS AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS SAME-SEX

MARRIAGE

Table 3

Profile P-value Decision Interpretation

Age 0.457754955 NOT SIGNIFICANT Rejected H1
Gender 0.001181379 SIGNIFICANT Accepted H1
Civil status 0.651353093 NOT SIGNIFICANT Rejected H1
Educational NOT SIGNIFICANT Rejected H1

Attainment
0.932767245
Religious 0.029169917 SIGNIFICANT Accepted H1

affiliation
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
The table 3 above shows the Demographic Profile of the Respondents used in the

distribution of the Respondents, P-Value, Interpretation, and Decision. The first demographic

profile which is the Age of the Respondents has the P-value of 0.45 which means that there is no

significant relationship between the age and their perception towards the Same-sex Marriage.

The result implies that regardless of the age differences of the respondents, their perceptions

towards the central issue were not varied. Despite that the age determines the maturity of

individual; it is still not a basis on how they are going to articulate their opinions on the subject

being adherent. It is matter not on how they are old enough to speak for a certain issue but the

knowledge that can be nurture throughout the ages.

The second demographic profile which is about the Gender of the Respondents was given

a Pvalue of 0.001 which means that there is a significant relationship between the gender of

Coronians and their perceptions towards the Same-sex Marriage. This result implies that the

gender is a crucial factor concerning about the perceptions of the respondents towards the central

issue. The Gender of the Respondents can influence their perceptions and their cognitive aspects

on how they see the subject as a matter related to their feelings determine by their gender.

The third demographic profile which refers to the Civil Status of the Respondents

acquired a P-value of 0.65 which means that there is no significance relationship between the

civil status of Coronians and their perceptions towards the Same-sex Marriage. This result

implies that regardless whether the respondents are single or married, their perceptions would be

the same for the subject never changed and that their perceptions were not constitutes on their

civil status. To conclude, the Civil Status of the Respondents does not contribute to their

cognitive aspect on how they see and think about the subject.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
While, the fourth demographic profile used in the distribution of the respondents which

pertains to the Educational Attainment acquired a P-value of 0.93 which claims that there is no

significant relationship between the Educational Attainment of Coronians and their perceptions

towards Same-sex Marriage. The result simply implies that whatever degree or education an

individual have taken or attained their perceptions on a practical issue could not hinder a certain

barrier made by an education an individual attained. It clearly states that expressing own

thoughts and opinions does not need a diploma for you to speak what you have within.

Lastly, the fifth demographic profile which relates to the Religious Affiliation of the

Respondents acquired a P-value of 0.02 which patently states that there is a significant

relationship between the Religious Affiliation of Coronians and their perceptions towards the

Same-sex Marriage. This result implies that the respondents were being adherent to their

religion. It basically means that their religious affiliation greatly contributes and influences their

perceptions towards the central issue. The religious aspect may become a basis to a human

philosophy and a prime consideration and basis on how people think and see to considerate

topics which affects or even violates certain rules in the religion they belong into. To relate, our

republic is a religious country and the majority of people are being adherents of the Christian

faith with the total of 92% of the population of the Philippines, according to Wikipedia (2018)

which is highly opposed to the marriage of the same-sex.

In general, the resulted P-values only two independent variables got less than 0.05 level

of significance and the rest did not meet the expectation of the measurement required to consider.

As a conclusion, Gender and Religious Affiliation are only independent variables which are

accepted according to the requirements needed in the alternative hypothesis. Therefore, the

alternative hypothesis of having a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
respondents and “The Perception of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage” succeedingly met

the expectations and have been proven purposively.

 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter is concerned with the presentation of the summary of findings, the

establishment of conclusions and the formulation of recommendation based on the results of the

study.

Summary

This study aimed to present “The Perception of Coronians towards Same-sex

Marriage”. Precisely, it sought to determine the demographic profile of the respondents in terms

of Age, Gender, Civil Status, Educational Attainment and Religious Affiliation. This study also

sought to determine the significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and their

Perception towards Same-sex Marriage. Finally, the result of the study will be a good basis for

the future researchers who will be conducting a study related to this topic for this will served as a

source of information for them to gain more additional knowledge about perception gains

towards Same-sex Marriage.

The instrumentation used for the study was a self-constructed questionnaire or survey

form with 15 items and the demographic profiles of the respondents were included. The survey

was conducted and administered on September 26, 2018 to the respondents with a total of 40

individuals.

The researchers applied a descriptive-correlational design. Statistical calculation such as

mean, frequency, percentage, rank and P-value were used to analyze data gathered through the

aid of Microsoft Excel. The questionnaire or the survey form has been the foremost tool

exploited in pursuing the information and verified the facts from the respondents.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
. Finally, the result of the study will be a good basis for the future researchers who will be

conducting a study related to this topic for this will served as a source of information for them to

gain more additional knowledge about perception gains towards Same-sex Marriage.

The instrumentation used for the study was a self-constructed questionnaire or survey

form with 15 items and the demographic profiles of the respondents were included. The survey

was conducted and administered on September 26, 2018 to the respondents with a total of 40

individuals.

The researchers applied a descriptive-correlational design. Statistical calculation such as

mean, frequency, percentage, rank and P-value were used to analyze data gathered through the

aid of Microsoft Excel. The questionnaire or the survey form has been the foremost tool

exploited in pursuing the information and verified the facts from the respondents.

1. In relation with ―The Perceptions of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage‖, the result

states that only four out of 15 statements are being agreeable to the respondents and the

rest were interpreted as disagree. Therefore to conclude that same-sex Marriage is very

far to be adapted in the country according to the perceptions of Coronians. The data

strongly holds that Coronians are against to the legislation of the union between the

same-sex. Based on their perceptions, the Same-sex Marriage is being viewed on the side

where people sought to find the benefits it can contribute but they have found out no

immense factors and reason for it to be legalized but then they still believe that the Same-

sex Marriage should be respected in the same way even though they are highly opposed

to it.

2. There is a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the Coronians and

their Perceptions towards Same-sex Marriage this is due to the resulted P-values which
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
evidently shows that only two independent variables got less than 0.05 level of

significance and the rest did not meet the expectation of the measurement required to

consider. As a conclusion, Gender and Religious Affiliation are only independent

variables which are accepted according to the requirements needed in the alternative

hypothesis. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis of having a significant relationship

between the demographic profile of the respondents and The Perception of Coronians

towards Same-sex Marriage‖ succeeding met the expectations and have been proven

purposively, the alternative hypothesis is hereby accepted.

Demographic Profile of the Respondents

The demographic profile of the respondents, which is the Coronians considered in the

study were composed of Age, Gender, Civil Status, Educational Attainment and Religious

Affiliation. In terms of Age, most of the respondents who have responded to our survey sorted

into the range of26-30 years of age, most of them are female followed by the male, making the

LGBT as the last. Majority of the respondents are single followed by the married and the last two

respondents are separated. In accordance to education, most of the respondents attained an

education of high school degree which is greater than the acquired frequency of the college

pursuers and followed by the respondents who have only completed elementary level. In terms of

Religious Affiliation, majority of the respondents are being adherents to Roman Catholic faith

followed by Born Again / Baptist, then the Adventist and the last is the Iglesia ni Cristo.

Perceptions of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage

In the study, “The Perceptions of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage” are being

included in the statements. The result states that only four out of 15 statements are being
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
agreeable to the respondents and the rest were interpreted as disagree. Statements 6, 12, 13 and

15 acquired the mean score of 2.55, 2.53, 2.63 and 2.55 which all interpreted as agree. While the

Statements 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 14 acquired the mean score of 1.93, 1.88, 1.85, 1.88,

1.85, 2.08, 1.9, 1.9, 1.93, 2.35 and 2.43 which all interpreted as disagree. Therefore to conclude

that same-sex Marriage is very far to be adapted in the country according to the perceptions of

Coronians. The data strongly holds that Coronians are against to the legislation of the union

between the same-sex. Based on their perceptions, the Same-sex Marriage is being viewed on the

side where people sought to find the benefits it can contribute but they have found out no

immense factors and reason for it to be legalized but then they still believe that the Same-sex

Marriage should be respected in the same way even though they are highly opposed to it.

Significant Relationship between the Demographic Profile of the Respondents and Their

Perceptions towards Same-Sex Marriage

In this study, there is a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the

Coronians and their Perceptions towards Same-sex Marriage this is due to the resulted P-values

which evidently shows that only two independent variables got less than 0.05 level of

significance and the rest did not meet the expectation of the measurement required to consider.

As a conclusion, Gender and Religious Affiliation are only independent variables which are

accepted according to the requirements needed in the alternative hypothesis due to the P-values

of 0.001 and 0.02 which both equivalent to the interpretation as significant. Therefore, the

alternative hypothesis of having a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the

respondents and ―The Perception of Coronians towards Same-sex Marriage‖ succeedingly met

the expectations and have been proven purposively, the alternative hypothesis is hereby

accepted.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Recommendation

Derived from the findings and conclusions stated above, the following recommendations are

proposed.

1. The Local Government of Coron is hereby recommended to further understand the

concept of same-sex marriage, and with the aid of this study, the government official can

use this as a tool to determine the principles and the consequences to possibly prevent the

implementation of the policy in relation with the same-sex marriage for it will be served

as step to avoid the rise of conflicts.

2. It is recommended for both sides to prevail the peace and respect towards each other. It

is

advice that whatever the nature of Same-sex Marriage is, pros and cons, everyone should

opened their eyes that it is still unrighteous to commit a union between the same-sex for it

violates the divine law protected by the churches and deviance it may become. With the same

way, everyone should practice their respects towards the opinions coming both sides to avoid

conflicts with one another.

3. A proceeding study may be done thoroughly to strengthen the result of this research study.

Along in accordance to the research conduct, the number of respondents is such a thing to be

more developed by the future researchers in order to increase the reliability of the result.

Moreover, it is better to be just and conduct the research as timely as it could be.
 CORON SCHOOL OF FISHERIES

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Eric G. Lambert, PhD, Lois A. Ventura, PhD, Daniel E. Hall, JD, EdD, Terry Cluse-Tolar, PhD.

(2006). College Students’ Views on LGBT issues. Journal of Homosexuality.

John Brennan, Jenny Chanfreau, Jerome Finnegan, Julia Griggs, Zsolt Kiss, Alison Park, .

(November 2015). The effect of Higher Education on graduates’ attitudes: Secondary Analysis

of the British Social Attitudes Survey. BIS RESEARCH PAPER NO. 200.

Joseph Chamie, Barry Mirkin. (September 2011). Same-Sex Marriage: A new phenomenon.

Population and Development Review.

N. Eugene Walls, P. (2018). Religion and Support for Same-sex Marriage:. RELIGION AND

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Stefanie Mollborn, Bethany Everett. (December 2012). Understanding the Educational

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[Link]