EXAMPLE: - find the invers Fourier transform of the rectangular shown in the figure 4.

40

X (ω )

ω
−W 0 W

Figure 4.40 rectangular spectrum

Solution: Inverse Fourier transform is given as

∞ W
1 1
x ( t )= ∫ X ( ω ) e jωt dω= ∫ 1 e jωt dω
2 π −∞ 2 π −W

Or
W
1 e jωt 1
x ( t )= [ ]
2 π jt −W
=
πt
sin Wt … ...(4.66)

Or

Wt
W
sin π . ( π W )Wt
x ( t )=
π
.
Wt
= sinc
π π ( )
… … … ( 4.67 )
( π.
π )
π 2π 3π
Equation (4.66) goes to zero at t=± W , ± W ,± W … … … … … … …

1 W
By L` Hospital's rule,lim πt sinWt = π This function is plotted in figure 4.41
t →0
 0
− 2π −π π 2π 3π
W W W W W
Figure 4.41 invers Fourier transform of the rectangular pulse

EXAMPLE: - Determine invers Fourier transform of

2 jω+1
i. X ( ω )= by partial fraction expansion
( jω+2 )2
1
ii. X ( ω )= 2 by convolution property
(a+ jω)

Solution: (i) the given function is

2 jω+1
X ( ω )=
( jω+2 )2

It can be expanded in the partial fractions as under:

A1 A2
X ( ω )= +
jω+2 ( jω+2)2

Values of A1 and A2 are calculated as under:

A2= ( jω+2 )2 . X ( ω ) ¿ jω=−2=( jω+2 )2 .¿ ¿

¿ 2 ( jω+2 ) ¿ jω=−2=2 (−2 ) +1=−3

d d
A1= [ ( jω+2 )2 X ( ω ) ] jω=−2= [ 2 jω+1 ] jω=−2=2
dω dω

2 3 2 3
Therefore X ( ω )= − = −
jω+2 ( jω+2 ) 2+ jω ( 2+ jω)2
2

Using standard Fourier transform pairs, we obtain

x ( t )=2 e−2 t u ( t ) −3 t e−2 t u (t ) Ans

This is the required time domain signal

Inverse Fourier Transform (IFT)

The inverse Fourier transform can be obtained by the basic definition. It can be obtained
with the help of partial fraction expansion. Following Fourier transform pairs used for partial
fraction expansion:

1
e−at u ( t ) FT
↔ a+ jω

1
t e−at u ( t ) FT
↔ (a+ jω)2

Example 3.4.19: find inverse Fourier transform of the following signals:

6 jω+ 16
(i) X ( jω ) =
( jω )2+5 jω+ 6
jω+3
(ii) X ( jω ) =
( jω+ 1 )2

6 jω+ 16
Solution (i) X ( jω ) = 2
( jω ) +5 jω+ 6

6 jω+16
¿
( jω+3 ) ( jω+2 )

2 4
¿ +
jω+3 jω+ 2

Taking inverse Fourier transform of above equation

x ( t )=[ 2 e−3 t + 4 e−2 t ] u ( t )

jω+3
(ii) X ( jω ) =
( jω+ 1 )2
A1 A2
¿ +
jω+1 ( jω+1 )2

A2= ( jω+1 )2 X ( jω ) ¿ jω=−1=( jω+3 ) ¿ jω=−1 =−1+ 3=−2

d d
And A1= [ ( jω+1 )2 X ( jω ) ] jω=−1= [ jω+3 ] jω=−1=1
dω dω
1 2
∴ X ( jω ) = +
jω+ 1 ( jω+1 )2
Taking inverse Fourier transform of above equation
x ( t )=e−t u ( t ) +2 t e−t u ( t )
EXAMPLE 4.9 Find the inverse Fourier transform of δ ( ω−ω0 ) .
Solution: Inverse Fourier transform is expressed as
∞
1
X ( ω ) e jωt dω
−1
F [ X ( ω ) ]= ∫
2 π −∞

Or
∞
1
δ ( ω−ω0 ) e jωt dω
−1
F [ δ ( ω−ω 0 ) ]= ∫
2 π −∞

Using shifting or sampling property of impulse function, we get

1 jωt
F−1 [ δ ( ω−ω 0 ) ]= [ e ]at ω=ω = 1 e j ω t
0

2π 2π
0

1 jω t
F [ 2π
e ]
=δ ( ω−ω0 )
0

Or
1 jω t
e δ ( ω−ω 0 )
0

2π ↔

Or
e j ω t 2 π δ ( ω−ω 0 )
0

The above expression shows that spectrum everlasting exponential e j ω t is a signal 0

impulse at ω=0
j ω0 t
Similarly, e ↔
2 π δ ( ω−ω 0 )

EXAMPLE: Find the inverse Fourier transform of δ ( ω )

Solution : the inverse Fourier transform is expressed as
∞
1
F−1 [ X ( ω ) ] = ∫ X ( ω ) e jωt dω
2 π −∞

Therefore, we have
1
∞ X (ω )
δ ( ω ) e j ωt dω
−1
F [ δ ( ω ) ]= ∫
2 π −∞ 2 πδ ( ω )
1
¿ [e j ωt ]at ω=0
2π
ω

1
¿ × e0 0
2π
1 1 (b)
F−1 [ δ ( ω ) ]= .1=
2π 2π FT
 1
F [ ]
2π
=δ ( ω )

Or
1
δ (ω )
2π ↔ t
Or
1 2 πδ ( ω ) (a) 0
↔

This shows that the spectrum of a constant signal x ( t )=1 an impulse 2 πδ ( ω )this can
also be interpreted as that x ( t )=1is a d.c. signal which has a signal frequency
ω=0 ( dc ) .