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Limits and Functions: Key Theorems Explained

The document contains 4 proofs related to limits of functions: 1) It provides an example of functions f(x) and g(x) where lim f/g = 0 as x approaches infinity. 2) It proves that if lim f = L and lim g = infinity, then lim f o g = L. 3) It shows that knowing lim f(x) as x approaches a from one side tells you something about the limit from the other side, if f is an even function. 4) It proves three definitions of a limit are equivalent: lim [f(x) - L] = 0, lim f(x) = L, and lim f(x+h) =

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Shehraiz Khan
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43 views1 page

Limits and Functions: Key Theorems Explained

The document contains 4 proofs related to limits of functions: 1) It provides an example of functions f(x) and g(x) where lim f/g = 0 as x approaches infinity. 2) It proves that if lim f = L and lim g = infinity, then lim f o g = L. 3) It shows that knowing lim f(x) as x approaches a from one side tells you something about the limit from the other side, if f is an even function. 4) It proves three definitions of a limit are equivalent: lim [f(x) - L] = 0, lim f(x) = L, and lim f(x+h) =

Uploaded by

Shehraiz Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

Suppose that functions f and g are defined on (0, ∞) such that limx→∞ f = ∞, and
limx→∞ g = ∞, and limx→∞ (f − g) = 0. Can you find such functions, with g(x) > 0
for all x ∈ (0, ∞), such that limx→∞ f /g = 0
√ √ √ √ √ √
Proof.√f (x) = 4 x and g(x) = x. We know 4 x and x tend to ∞ while 4 x − x and
4 √
1 √ x tend to 0 as x tends ∞ and that x ≥ 0.
x2 = x

2. Let f and g be defined on (a, ∞) such that limx→∞ f = L, and limx→∞ g = ∞. Prove that
limx→∞ f ◦ g = L

Proof. We have to show that given any  > 0 there exists a number n0 such that for x > n0
we have |f (g(x)) − L| < .
We know from the given information that there exists a number n0 such that |f (x) − L| < 
for x > n0 . We also know that for any number m > 0 there exists a number n1 such
that g(x) > m for x > n1 . Taking m = n0 we have g(x) > n0 for x > n1 . Therefore
|f (g(x)) − L| <  for x > n1 .

3. Suppose that f is an even function of x. Does knowing that limx→2− f (x) = 7 tell you
anything about either limx→−2− f (x) or limx→−2+ f (x)?
It is given that for any  > 0 there exits a δ such that |f (x) − 7| <  for x for which
0 < 2 − x < δ. Choose δ 0 = min(2, δ). For δ 0 we have x > 0 therefore we can now say that

0 < 2 + (−x) < δ 0 ⇒ |f (−(−x)) − 7| < 

Since f is even, we know that f (−x) = f (x) and therefore f (−(−x)) = f (−x) so we now
have

0 < 2 + (−x) < δ 0 ⇒ |f (−x) − 7| < 

Putting y = −x we get

0 < 2 + y < δ 0 ⇒ |f (y) − 7| < 

which is equivalent to limx→−2+ f (x)


4. Show that the following statements are equivalent to limx→a f (x) = L:

lim [f (x) − L] = 0 lim f (x + h) = L


x→a h→0

Proof. Written in  − δ definition, limx→a f (x) = L becomes |f (x) − L| <  as |x − a| < δ.


limx→a [f (x) − L] = 0 becomes |f (x) − L − 0| = |f (x) − L| <  as |x − a| < δ, the same as
limx→a f (x) = L proving its equivalence. While limh→0 f (a+h) = L becomes |f (a+h)−L| <
 as |h| < δ, then let h = x − a, making this equivalent to limx→a f (x) = L

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