Infrared absorbing material
Infrared radiation covers wavelengths from 0.8 microns to 500 microns, and is generally divided
into near infrared (NIR 0.8 to 2.5 microns), middle IR (2.5 to 50 microns) and far IR (50 microns
- 500 microns).
Resin
Polyester • good physical properties, and with improved infrared absorbing Properties
• absorbs only a small portion of the IR wavelength.
• Polyester can be heated by infrared radiation generally faster and more
uniformly than by conduction heating
• absorbs the IR wavelengths around 5.9 and about 8.7 to 9.1(µm). These
correspond to specific bonds in the polyester which are excited by the infrared
radiation.
Silicone resin • excellent heat and radiation resistant resins
• good mechanical property and corrosion resistance under high temperature,
high thermal stability, radiation resistance
• the 9.3 and 2.7-3.1 µm absorption peak is caused by the Si‐O stretching
vibration in the Si‐O‐Si structure and Si‐OH groups.
• Dimethyl polysiloxane high light absorption a wavelength at 7.9,9.5 &12.5 µm
polyurethane • excellent properties such as toughness, abrasion resistance, mechanical
properties and chemical resistance
• The weak absorption bands around 3.02 µm (N–H stretching) and 6.5µm (N–H
bending) and strong absorptions at 5.8 (free C=O stretching of urethane and
carboxylic groups) and 8.2–8.0 µm (stretching vibration of N–CO–O) confirm
the formation of the urethane linkage.
epoxy resin • its good thermal and dimensional stability, excellent
chemical and corrosion resistance, and superior mechanical
and electrical properties, in addition to ease
of handling and processabilities.
• enhance the heat resistance of epoxy resins with increasing crosslink density
• absorption peak at 2.8-3.4, 11.9-10.9µm
Acrylic resin • excellent moisture and heat resistance medium hardness, good adhesion,
(Acryalic co- excellent flexibility, good overbake resistance, high gloss, and exterior
polymer and durability
acrylate • Peak absorption wavelength at 5.8-6µm
homopolymer,)
Black Pigments
carbon black nano • CNTs exhibit high physical and chemical stability, a large surface area, and
materials CNTs &GO high thermal conductivity
• excited electrons relax to their ground state, releasing heat, due to the closely
spaced energy levels of the loosely-held π electrons.
• high solar energy absorptance, Because of the extended π-conjugation and
low refractive index of CNT it absorbs radiation in the entire solar spectrum
including the IR range
Iron manganese-copper • High solar absorptance (0.88-0.92%) at wavelength range 0.6-2.5 μm
oxide (FeMnCuOx) black • High thermal stability, chemical resistance and high thermal conductivity.
pigment
iron oxide black • excellent chemical stability
• weakly scattering pigments with strong absorption across the entire
solar spectrum.
• magnetite (FeO·Fe2O3) absorption wavelength 2.5-4.45 µm and peak
absorption wavelength 17.5,25 µm
copper • bluish black non-toxic pigment with excellent resistance to heat, light,
chromite black weather, acid and alkali. it has high color strength, is easy to disperse
(CuCr2O4) • -NIR absorbing high absorption wavelength range 0.5-2.5µm, peak
absorption wavelength 16.4,19.2µm
CuFeMnO4 nanoparticle • chemical inertness, high corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, good
(black) thermal-shock resistance, excellent high-temperature stability and outdoor
durability and excellent optical and catalytic properties.
• the existence of numerous spin-allowed electron transitions between partially
filled d-orbitals contributes to their high absorption of radiation across the
whole solar radiation spectrum (range 0.5-3 µm)
black • CuS nanoparticles have an optical absorption band in the NIR range with a
Copper monosulfide maximum absorbance at 900 nm.
• Copper Sulfide is a crystalline solid used as a semiconductor
Tungsten oxide (WO2 or • Which exhibited stronger NIR absorption in the ranges 0.7-2.5 µm because
2.72) of free electrons or polarons.
(black -blue) • NIR absorption was considerably enhanced by reducing
the particle size or by increasing the particle concentration.
• Tungsten oxide (WO3-yellow) low NIR absorption
• Tungsten oxide (WO-black) mid-strong absorption
Ti2O3 nanoparticles • small bandgap (≈0.1 eV) endows Ti2O3 with the ability to absorb solar
(Black) energy in the spectrum range(800-1400nm).
• Particle size 20nm
Color pigment
phthalocyanine compound • phthalocyanine compound having the maximum
(copper phthalocyanine blue pigment, absorption wavelength at least in the range of 800–920
beta form) nm as near infrared absorbing, is enabled to excel in
resistance to moisture, resistance to heat, and light
resistance, weatherability, excellent compatibility with
resin.
Cobalt aluminate blue, cobalt • They have very low absorption in the short NIR, but
chromite blue exhibit an absorption band in the 1200–1600 nm range,
which contains 17% of the NIR energy.
Red iron oxide Fe2O3 • It shows absorption at ~435 nm and a significant
absorption at 700-900 nm in the NIR wavelength
region.
Azo compound dyes pigment • They have excellent coloring properties, more resistant
(2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) to bases, soap, and acid, good exterior durability,
Red-orange solvent resistance.
• near-infrared (NIR) absorption (705-780 nm) due to the
intramolecular charge transfer transition between
donor-acceptor pair. electron-withdrawing azo core &
a hydroxyl group as electron donor
Zinc chromate (ZnCrO4) • absorbing wavelength at range 2.9-3.3 and 10.7-
yellow 11.2µm
Yellow iron oxide • absorbing wavelength at range 20-25µm.
• its bright and pure color, good weather proof and high
opacity
Fillers
Hexagonal boron nitride • high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion, good thermal
shock resistance, high electrical resistance, low dielectric constant
• mid infrared absorbing range 5.8-6.4 µm
Aluminum nitride • excellent physical properties, thermal conductivity, high hardness,
good capability of high-temperature and chemical resistance
• mid infrared absorbing range 8-10 µm
Silica (SiO2) • good acid, chemical, and heat resistance, chemical
inertness silica's hardness improves abrasion resistance in paints.
• absorption spectral absorption of silicon dioxide in the IR range
(8–14 µm)
Calcium silicate • absorption spectral absorption of calcium silicate in the IR range
(5– 12µm)
Additives
silane coupling agent • improving the mechanical strength of composite materials, for
improving adhesion, and for resin modification and surface
modification.
• the main purpose of the silane coupling agent in high PVC paints
was to increase cohesion and which was found to be inadequate
for those paints with higher PVC ratios.
• 0.02% up to 1% of silane coupling agent is sufficient to achieve
the proper bond between resin and pigment
dispersive agent • Dispersing agents ensure the consistency of paint and give it the
desired properties, such as the strength of colour, or appropriate
pigmentation and compatibility of the finished product
Polyhedral Oligomeric • High values of solar absorptivity could be attained by increasing
Silsesquioxane the amount of high absorbing pigment particles.
(POSS) dispersants. • POSS dispersants could be used in highly filled resins due to their
ability to decrease viscosity. They strongly bond to the surface of
Example: Trisilanol the pigments.
Isobuthyl POSS, • break up particle-particle interactions. The result is increased
Trisilanol Phenyl POSS, productivity, improved mechanical properties and surface finish
Trisilanol Isooctyl POSS Due to viscosity reduction, more pigment can be added to the
binder while maintaining the desired viscosity that treatment of
black pigment with POSS dispersants heavily influences the
rheological behavior of liquid paints and gives rise to improved
solar absorptivity of dry coatings.
Fumed silica (surface • reduce the agglomeration, Consequently, the opacity (effectively
modified silicon dioxide the solar absorptance) of the paint is increased without significant
with high content of loss of infrared transmittance
surface OH groups) • acts as a thixotropic agent (controlling its flow properties.)
