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Understanding Digital Registers and Counters

A register is a digital circuit that can store data and move data. The storage capacity of a register depends on the number of flip-flops it contains, with each flip-flop representing one bit. A shift register stores input values in sequence, shifting the stored values from one flip-flop to the next with each clock tick. A Johnson counter uses feedback to produce a characteristic sequence of states, with the number of states equaling 2 to the power of the number of stages.

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A10-14Rajat Kumar
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80 views18 pages

Understanding Digital Registers and Counters

A register is a digital circuit that can store data and move data. The storage capacity of a register depends on the number of flip-flops it contains, with each flip-flop representing one bit. A shift register stores input values in sequence, shifting the stored values from one flip-flop to the next with each clock tick. A Johnson counter uses feedback to produce a characteristic sequence of states, with the number of states equaling 2 to the power of the number of stages.

Uploaded by

A10-14Rajat Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Registers

n= no. of flip flops


Register
• A register is a digital circuit with two basic functions: data
storage and data movement. The storage capability of a
register makes it an important type of memory device.
• The storage capacity of a register is the total number of bits
(1s and 0s) of digital data it can retain. Each stage (flip-flop) in
a shift register represents one bit of storage capacity;
therefore, the number of stages in a register determines its
storage capacity.
Shift Registers : It is a register that stores input values in sequence. At each clock tick
the values stored are shifted from one flip flop to the adjacent
SISO contd.
• In SISO, to feed n bit data serially, n clock
pulse is required
• SISO is used to provide delay to i/p data
• In n bit SISO register, it will provide n*Tclk delay
to i/p the data
• In SISO register, to provide n bit data serially
out, it require min (n-1) clock pulse
• In SIPO register, n clock pulses are required to
to feed serial data into SIPO register
• There is no extra clock pulse required to get
the parallel data.
• SIPO register is used to convert temporal code
into spatial code.
• In a Johnson counter the complement of the output of the last flip-flop is
connected back to the D input of the first flip-flop (it can be implemented
with other types of flip-flops as well).
• If the counter starts at 0, this feedback arrangement produces a
characteristic sequence of states.
• In general, a Johnson counter will produce a modulus of 2n, where n is the
number of stages in the counter.
• For a n bit johnson counter,
– No. of unused states= 2n-n
– 2n decoding gates (AND gate in this case) are required
– To decode each state in Johnson counter, one two input AND gate is
used
– If the input clock frequency is f, then output frequency will be f/2n.
• The no. of used states = n (i.e. no of flip flops)
• The no. of unused states = 2n-n
• No decoding circuit required
• Output frequency = clock frequency/n

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