10

CIRCLES
 CIRCLES 2

1. In Figure, if tangents PA and PB drawn from a point P to 6. Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the
a circle with centre O, are inclined to each other at an tangent to a circle passes through the center of the circle.
angle of 70o, then find the measure of ∠POA. [CBSE-Term 2 -2022 Basic]
[CBSE- Term 2 – 2022 - Basic] 7. Prove that the opposite sides of a quadrilateral
circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles at
the centre of the circle.
[CBSE – Term 2 - 2022 Standard]

8. If a circle is touching the side BC of ΔABC at P and is

touching AB and AC produced at Q and R respectively
2. In Figure, the tangent l is parallel to the tangent m drawn (see the figure).
at points A and B respectively to a circle centred at O. PQ 1
is a tangent to the circle at R. Prove that ∠POQ = 90o. Prove that AQ = (perimeter of ΔABC).
[CBSE- Term 2 – 2022 - Basic]
2
[CBSE- Term 2 - 2022 Basic]

3. In Fig., perimeter of ΔPQR is 20 cm. Find the length of

tangent PA.
[CBSE Terms 2 - 2022 - Basic] 9. From a point P, two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a
circle C(0, r). if OP = 2r, then find ∠APB. What triangle
is APB?
[CBSE 2021]

4. In Figure, BC is tangent to the circle at point B of circle

centred at O. BD is a chord of the circle so that ∠BAD = 10. In Figure, from an external point P, two tangents PQ and
55o. Find m ∠DBC. PR are drawn to a circle of radius 4 cm with centre O. If
[CBSE-Term 2 2022 Basic] ∠ QPR = 90o, then length of PQ is
[CBSE 2020]

5. Prove that a parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a

rhombus.
[CBSE- Term 2 - 2022 Basic]

Options
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 2 cm
(d) 2 2 cm 2 2 cm
 CIRCLES 3

11. In Figure, PQ is tangent to the circle with centre at O, at 16. If the angle between two tangents drawn from an external
the point B. If ∠AOB = 100o, then ∠ABP is equal to point P to a circle of radius a and centre O, is 60, then
[CBSE 2020] find the length of OP.
[CBSE 2017]
17. Prove that the tangents drawn at the end points of a
chord of a circle make equal angles with the chord.
[CBSE 2017]
18. A circle touches all the four sides of a quadrilateral
ABCD. Prove that AB + CD = BC + DA.
[CBSE 2017]
19. In the figure, PQ is a tangent at a point C to a circle with
Options
(a) 50o centre O. if AB is a diameter and ∠CAB = 30 o, find
(b) 40o ∠PCA.
(c) 60o [CBSE 2016]
(d) 80o
12. In figure, find the perimeter of ΔABC, if AP = 12 cm
[CBSE 2020]

20. In figure, from an external point P, two tangents PT and

PS are drawn to a circle centre O and radius r. If OP = 2r,
show that ∠OTS = ∠OST = 30 o
13. A chord of a circle of radius 10cm, subtends a right angle
[CBSE 2016]
at its centre. The length of the chord (in cm) is
[CBSE 2020 - OD Basic]
Options:
5
(a)
2
(b) 5 2
(c) 10 2
(d) 10 3 21. In the following figure, PQ is a chord of a circle with
14. In Fig., PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius centre O and PT is a tangent. If ∠QPT = 60o, find ∠PRQ.
5 cm and centre O. The tangents at P and Q intersect at [CBSE 2015]
point T. Find the length of TP.
[CBSE 2019]

22. In the following figure, two tangents RQ and RP are

drawn from an external point R to the circle with centre
O, if ∠PRQ = 120 o, then prove that OR = PR + RQ
15. Prove that the lengths of tangents drawn from an external [CBSE 2015]
point to a circle are equal.
[CBSE 2018]
 CIRCLES 4

23. Prove that the tangent drawn at the mid-point of an arc of

a circle is parallel to the chord joining the end points of
the arc
24. In Fig., QR is a common tangent to the given circles,
touching externally at the point T. The tangent at T meet
QR at P. If PT = 3.8cm, then the length of QR (in cm) is:
[CBSE.2014]

Options:
(a) 3.8
(b) 7.6
(c) 5.7
(d) 1.9
25. In Fig., PQ and PR are two tangents to a circle with
centre O. If ∠QPR = 46o, then ∠QOR equals:
[CBSE 2014]

Options:
(a) 67o
(b) 134o
(c) 44o
(d) 46o
 CIRCLES 5

Solutions:
1. ∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90o
Using angle sum property of the quadrilateral, ∠AOB =
110o
ΔAPO ≅ ΔBPO ⇒ ∠POA = 55o
2. 7.
ΔOBP ≅ ΔOBQ (SSS)
⇒ ∠1 = ∠2 cpct
Similarly ∠3 = ∠4, ∠5 = ∠6 and ∠7 = ∠8
As ∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 + ∠5 + ∠6 + ∠7 + ∠8 = 360o
⇒ 2∠8 + 2∠1 + 2∠4 + 2∠5 = 360o ⇒ ∠8 + ∠1 + ∠4 +
∠5 = 180 o
⇒ ∠AOB + ∠COD = 180o similarly ∠BOC + ∠AOD =
180 o
8. We know that tangents drawn from the external point to
ΔOBP ≅ ΔORP (SSS) the circle are equal
⇒ ∠1 = ∠2 (cpct)
∴ BP = BQ
ΔOAQ ≅ ΔORQ (SSS)
CP = CR
⇒ ∠3 = ∠4 (cpct)
AQ = AR
As ∠AQP and ∠BPQ are consecutive interior angles and l
2AQ = AQ + AR
|| m
= (AB + BQ) + (AC + CR)
⇒ ∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 = 180o
= AB + BP + AC + CP
⇒ 2∠ 2 + 2∠3 = 180o
= AB + AC + BC
∠2 + ∠3 = 90o
= AB + AC + BC
∴ ∠POQ = 90o (Using angle sum property in ΔPOQ)
1
3. Here, QC = QA and RC = RB AQ = ( AB + AC + BC )
Therefore PA + PB = PQ + QA + PR + RB 2
= PQ + QC + PR + RC 9.
⇒ 2PA = PQ + QR + PR = 20cm (PA = PB)
⇒ PA =1 0cm
4. Since AB is diameter therefore ∠D = 90o
⇒ ∠ABD = 35o
Also, AB ⊥ BC ⇒ ∠DBC = 90o – 35o = 55o
5. Tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
equal in length Let ∠APO = θ
∴ BP = BS, CP = CQ, DQ = DR, AR = AS OA 1
AB + CD = u + x + y + z = BC + AD sin  = =
But BC = AD, AB = DC ⇒ 2AB = 2BC OP 2
AB = BC ⇒ ABCD is rhombus ⇒ θ = 30 o
⇒ ∠APB = 2θ = 60o
6.
Also, ∠PAB = ∠PBA = 60o (∵ PA = PB)
⇒ Δ APB is equilateral
Given: OP = 2r and OA = r
Now, AP ⊥ OA
[∴ Tangent ⊥ Radius]
∴ ΔOAP is a right triangle.
Let ∠OPA = θ
On contrary, assume that perpendicular AB to tangent Then, in ΔOAP
BX at B does not pass through centre. Join centre O to B OA
⇒ OB is radius which must be ⊥ to tangent ⇒ ∠OBX = sin  =
90o OP
Also, ∠ABX = 90o r 1
Which is possible only when A and O coincide ⇒ ⊥ to
= = = sin 30
2r 2
tangent passes through centre.
 CIRCLES 6

Since tangents are equally inclined to the line, joining the 13. As per given information we have drawn the figure
centre of the circle to their common external point. below.

1
∴ ∠OPA = ∠OPB = ∠APB
2
Or, ∠APB = 2∠OPA
= 2θ
= 2 × 30o = 60o
Also, in ΔAPB, Using Pythagoras theorem in ΔABC, we get
AP = PB [∵ Tangents drawn from an external point are BC2 = AB2 + AC2
equal] = 102 + 102
⇒ ∠ABP = ∠PAB = xo (Say) = 100 + 100 = 200
[Equal angles opposite to equal sides] BC = 10√2 cm
180o − APB Thus (c) is correct option.
So, xo = 14.
2
180 − 60o
o
= = 60o
2
 P = PAB = ABP = 60
∵ ΔAPB is an equilateral triangle.
o
10. Given, ∠QPR=90
Since, the line from the centre of the circle bisects
the angle between thetangents.
o
Therefore, ∠OPQ = 45 . Given radius, OP = OQ = 5 cm
In ΔPOQ , we have Length of chord, PQ = 4 cm
OQ
 tan 45 = OT ⊥ PQ,
PQ ∴ PM = MQ = 4 cm [Perpendicular draw from the centre
OQ of the circle to a chord bisect the chord]
I =
PQ In right ΔOPM,
⇒ PQ = OQ OP2 = PM2 + OM2
⇒ PQ = 4cm ⇒ 52 = 42 + OM2
Therefore, PQ is 4cm. ⇒ OM2 = 25 – 16 = 9
Hence, option (B) is correct. Hence OM = 3cm
11. In ΔAOB, AO = OB In right ΔPTM,
PT2 = TM2 + PM2 ………………(1)
∴ ∠OAB= ∠OBA=40o
∠OPT = 900 [Radius is perpendicular to tangent at point
Since PQ is tangent at the point B, ∠OBP=90o
of contact]
⇒∠OBP = ∠OBA + ∠ABP In right ΔPOPT,
⇒ 90o= 40o + ∠ABP OT2 = PT2 + OP2 ………………….(2)
⇒ ∠ABP=90o -40o From equations (1) and (2), we get
⇒ ABP=50o OT2 = (TM2 + PM2) + OP2
Therefore, ∠ABP is equal to o 50o ⇒ (TM + OM)2 = (TM2 + PM2) + OP2
Hence, option (A) is correct. ⇒ TM2 + OM2 + 2 × TM × OM = TM2 + PM2 + OP2
12. As we know, tangents drawn from an external point are ⇒ OM2 + 2×TM ×OM= PM2 + OP2
equal. ⇒ 32 + 2×TM ×3= 42 +5 2
Therefore, BD = BP, CD = CQ and AP = AQ. ⇒ 9 + 6 TM = 16 + 25
Perimeter of Δ ABC = AB + BC + CA ⇒ 6TM = 32
= AB + BD + CD + AC 32 16
= AP + AQ  TM = =
= 2AP 6 3
= 2 × 12 Equation (1) becomes,
= 24 PT2 = TM2 + PM2
Therefore, perimeter of Δ ABC is 24 cm.
 CIRCLES 7

2
 16  a
=   + 42 In a ΔPBO sin 30 =
 3 OP
 256 
=
( 256 + 144 ) OP = 2a units
 + 16 = 17. Need to prove that
 9  9
∠BAP = ∠ABP
2
 400   20 
= = 
 9   3 
20
Hence PT =
3
20
Thus, the length of tangent PT is cm.
3
15.

AB is the chord
We know that OA = OB (radii)
∠OBP = ∠OAP = 90o
Join OP and OP = OP
By RHS congruency
Given AP and AQ are two tangents from a point A to a circle C ΔOBP ≅ ΔOAP
∴ By CPCT BP = AP
( O, r)
In ΔABP, BP = BP
To Prove AP = AQ
Angles opposite to equal sides are equal
Construction join OP, OQ and OA
∴ ∠BAP = ∠ABP
Proof: In order to prove that AP=AQ, we shall first prove
that ΔOPA= ΔOQA Hence proved.
since a tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the 18.
radius through the point of contact.
Therefore, OP ┴ AP and OQ ┴ AQ

→ ∠OPA = ∠OQA = 900 (i)

Now, in right triangles OPA and OQA, we have
OP = OQ [Radii of a circle]
∠OPA = ∠OQA [from (i)]
and OA = OA
so, by RHS – criterion of congruence, we get
ΔOPA ≅ ΔOQA
⇒AP =AQ ABCD is the Quadrilateral
16. Circle touches the sides at P, Q, R, S points
For the circle AS & AP are tangents
∴ AS = AP ……………………………..(1)
In the similar way
BP = BQ …………………………….(2)
CQ = CR …………………………..(3)
RD = DS …………………………….(4)
Given that ∠BPA = 60o Now AB + CD = AP + PB + CR + RD
OB = OA = a [radii] BC + AD = BQ + QC + DS + AS
PA = PB [length of tangents Equal] Using (1), (2), (3), (4) in above equation BC + AD = BP
OP = OP + CR + RD + AP
∴ ΔPBO and ΔPAO are congruent. [By SSS test of ∴ AB + CD = BC + AD
congruency] 19. In the given figure,

60
∴ ∠BPO = ∠OPA = = 30
2
 CIRCLES 8

∴ ∠OTS + ∠OST = 180o – 120o = 60o

∴ ∠OTS = ∠OST = 60o ÷ 2 = 30o
21.

In ΔACO, m ∠OPT 90o (radius is perpendicular to the tangents)

OA = OC ………. (Radii of the same circle) so, ∠OPQ = ∠OPT - ∠QPT
∴ ΔACO is an isosceles triangle = 90o – 60o
∠CAB = 30o…………. (Given) = 30o
∠CAO = ∠ACO = 30o …………………….. (angles m ∠POQ = 2∠QPT2 × 60o = 120o
opposite to equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal) reflex m ∠POQ = 360o – 120o = 240o
∠PCO = 90o …………. (radius drawn at the point of 1
contact is perpendicular to the tangent) mPRQ = reflexPOQ
Now ∠PCA = ∠PCO - ∠CAO 2
∴ ∠PCA = 90o – 30o = 60o 1
20.
=  240
2
= 120o
∴ ∠PRQ= 120o
22.

In the given figure,

OP = 2r ……….(given)
∠OTP = 90o ……….(radius drawn at the point of
contact is perpendicular to the tangent)
In ΔOTP, Given that m∠PRQ = 120°
We know that the line joining the centre and the external
OT 1
sin OPT = = = sin 30 point is the angle bisector between the tangents.
OP 2 120
∠OPT = 30o Thus, mPRO = mQRO = = 60
∴ ∠TOP = 60o 2
∴ ΔOTP is a 30o, 60o, 90o, right traingle. Also we know that lengths of tangents from an external
In ΔOTS, point are equal.
OT = OS ………………….(Radii of the same circle) Thus, PR = RQ.
∴ ΔOTS is an isosceles triangle. Join OP and OQ.
∴ ∠OTS = ∠OST ………..(Angle opposite to equal Since OP and OQ are the radii from the centre O,
sides of an isosceles triangle are equal). OP ⊥ PR and OQ ⊥ RQ.
In ΔOTQ and ΔOSQ Thus, Δ OPR and ΔOQR are right angled congruent
OS = OT ………….(Radii of the same circle) triangles.
OQ = OQ ……………….(side common to both Hence, ∠POR=90° - ∠PRO = 90°- 60° = 30°
triangles) ∠QOR=90° - ∠QRO = 90° - 60°-30°
∠OTQ = ∠OSQ……………… (angle opposite to equal 1
sides of an isosceles triangle are equal) sin QRO = sin 30 =
∴ ΔOTQ ≅ ΔOSQ ………(By S.A.S)
2
∴ ∠TOQ = ∠SOQ = 60o ……..(C.A.C.T) PR 1
=
∴ ∠TOS = 120o ……..(∠TOS = ∠TOQ OR 2
+∠SOQ = 60 o + 60 o = 120o)
 CIRCLES 9

Thus, ⇒ OR = 2PR 25. Given: ∠QPR = 46o

⇒ OR = PR + PR PQ and PR are tangents.
⇒ OR = PR + QR
23. In the figure, C is the midpoint of the minor arc PQ, O is
the centre of the circle and
AB is tangent to the circle through point C.
We have to show the tangent drawn at the midpoint of the
arc PQ of a circle is parallel to the chord joining
the end points of the arc PQ.
We will show PQ || AB. Therefore, the radius drawn to these tangents will be
It is given that C is the midpoint point of the arc PQ. perpendicular to the tangents.
So, arc PC = arc CQ. So, we have OQ ⊥PQ and OR ⊥ RP.
⇒ PC = CQ ⇒ ∠OQP = ∠ORP = 90o
So, in quadrilateral PQOR, we have
∠OQP + ∠QPR + ∠PRO + ∠ROQ = 360o
⇒ 90o + 46o + 90o + ∠ROQ = 360o
⇒ ∠ROQ = 360o – 226o = 134o
Hence, the correct option is B.

This shows that A PQC is an isosceles triangle.

Thus, the perpendicular bisector of the side PQ of Δ PQC
passes through vertex C.
The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the
centre of the circle.
So the perpendicular bisector of PQ passes through the
centre O of the circle.
Thus perpendicular bisector of PQ passes through the
points O and C.
⇒ PQ ⊥ OC
AB is the tangent to the circle through the point C on the
circle.
⇒AB ⊥ OC
The chord PQ and the tangent PQ of the circle are
perpendicular to the same line OC.
PQ || AB.
24.

It is known that the length of the tangents drawn from an

external point to a circle is equal.
∴ QP = PT = 3.8 cm ………………….(1)
PR = PT = 3.8 cm ………………..(2)
From equations (1) and (2), we get:
QP = PR = 3.8 cm
Now, QR = QP + PR
= 3.8 cm + 3.8 cm
= 7.6 cm
Hence, the correct option is B.