Alternating Current

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Exercise I
1. The peak voltage in a 220 V AC source is
(A) 220 V (B) about 160 V (C) about 310 V (D) 440 V

2. An AC source is rated 220 V, 50 Hz. The average voltage is calculated

in a time interval of 0.01 s. It
(A) must be zero (B) may be zero
(C) is never zero (D) is (220/ )V

3. An alternating current having peak value 14 A is used to heat a metal

wire. To produce the same heating effect, a constant current i can be
used where i is
(A) 14 A (B) about 20 A
(C) 7 A (D) about 10 A

4. The peak value of an alternating current is 5 A and its frequency is 60

Hz. Find its rms value. How long will the current take to reach the
peak value starting from zero?

5. A capacitor acts as an infinite resistance for

(A) DC (B) AC
(C) DC as well as AC (D) neither AC nor DC

6. Find the effective value of current i = 2 + 4 cos 100 πt.

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Exercise II Single Correct Choice Type
1. The peak value of an alternating e.m.f given by E = E0cos ωt, is 10 volt
and frequency is 50 Hz. At time t = (1/600) sec, the instantaneous
value of e.m.f is :
(A) 10 volt (B) 5 volt (C) 5 volt (D) 1 volt

2. An alternating voltage is given by : e = e1 sin ωt + e2 cos ωt. Then the

root mean square value of voltage is given by :

3. Energy dissipates in LCR circuit in :

(A) L only (B) C only (C) R only (D) all of these

4. The average power delivered to a series AC circuit is given by

(symbols have their usual meaning) :
(A) Erms Irms (B) ErmsIrms cos ф (C) ErmsIrms sin ф (D) zero

5. The potential difference V across and the current flowing through an

instrument in an AC circuit are given by: V = 5 cos ωt volt
I = 2 sin ωt Amp.
The power dissipated in the instrument is :
(A) zero (B) 5 watt (C) 10 watt (D) 2.5 watt

6. The voltage of an AC source varies with time according to the

equation, V = 100 sin 100 πt cos 100 πt. Where t is in second and V is
in volt. Then :
(A) the peak voltage of the source is 100 volt
(B) the peak voltage of the source is (100/ ) volt
(C) the peak voltage of the source is 50 volt
(D) the frequency of the source is 50 Hz

7. r.m.s. value of current i = 3 + 4 sin (ωt + π/3) is:

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Exercise III Multiple Correct Choice Type
1. In an AC series circuit when the instantaneous source voltage is
maximum, the instantaneous current is zero.a Connected to the
source may be a
(A) pure capacitor (B) pure inductor
(C) combination of pure an inductor and pure capacitor
(D) pure resistor

2. Power factor may be equal to 1 for :

(A) pure inductor (B) pure capacitor
(C) pure resistor (D) An LCR circuit

3. Average power consumed in an A.C. series circuit is given by

(symbols have their usual meaning) :

4. In the circuit shown in figure, if both the bulbs B1 and B2 are identical
(A) their brightness will be the same
(B) B2 will be brighter than B1
(C) as frequency of supply voltage is increased the brightness of bulb
B1 will increase and that of B2 will decrease.
(D) only B2 will glow because the capacitor has infinite impedance

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5. In a series LCR circuit with an AC source (Erms = 50 V and = 50/π Hz), R =
300Ω , C = 0.02 mF, L = 1.0 H, Which of the following is correct
(A) the rms current in the circuit is 0.1 A
(B) the rms potential difference across the capacitor is 50 V
(C) the rms potential difference across the capacitor is 14.1 V
(D) the rms current in the circuit is 0.14 A

6. In the AC circuit shown below, the supply voltage has constant rms
value V but variable frequency f. At resonance, the circuit :
(A) has a current given by = V/R
(B) has a resonance frequency 500 Hz
(C) has a voltage across the capacitor which is 180° out of phase with
that across the inductor
(D) has a current given by =

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Exercise IV Matrix Match Type Questions
1. A steady current 4 A flows in an inductor coil when connected to a 12
V dc source as shown in figure 1. If the same coil is connected to an
ac source of 12 V, 50 rad/s, a current of 2.4 A flows in the circuit as
shown in figure 2. Now after these observations, a capacitor of
capacitance 1/50 F is connected in series with the coil as shown in
figure 3 with the same AC source :

Column-I Column-II (in S.I units)

(A) The inductance of the coil (nearly) (P) 24
(B) The resistance of the coil (Q) 3
(C) Average power (nearly) (R) 0.08
(D) Total reactance

2. Match the Physical quantities given in column-I with the parameters

they depend on as given in column-II.
Column I Column II
(A) Inductance of a coil (P) Depends on resistivity
(B) Capacitance (Q) Depends on shape
(C) Impedance of a coil (R) Depends on medium inserted
(D) Reactance of a capacitor (S) Depends on external AC voltage
Source

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Exercise V Subjective Type Questions
1. Find the average for the saw-tooth voltage of peak value V0 from t=0
to t=2T as shown in figure.

2. A bulb is designed to operate at 12 volts constant direct current. If

this bulb is connected to an alternating current source and gives
same brightness. What would be the peak voltage of the source ?

3. The household supply of electricity is at 220 V rms value and 50 Hz

.Calculate the peak voltage and the minimum possible time in which
the voltage can change from the rms value to zero.

4. If a direct current of value ‘a’ ampere is superimposed on an

alternating current = b sin ωt flowing through a wire, what is the
effective (rms) value of the resulting current in the circuit?

5. An electric bulb is designed to consume 55 W when operated at 110

volts. It is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz line through a choke coil in
series. What should be the inductance of the coil for which the bulb
gets correct voltage?

6. A resistor of resistance 100Ω is connected to an AC source ε = (12V)

sin (250 πs–1)t. Find the power consumed by the bulb.

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Exercise VI Previous Year Questions
1. The core of any transformer is laminated so as to :
(A) reduce the energy loss due to eddy currents
(B) make it light weight
(C) make is robust and strong (D) increase the secondary voltage

2. Alternating current can not be measured by D.C. ammeter because :

(A) A.C. current pass through d.C. ammeter
(B) A.C. change direction
(C) average value of current for complete cycle is zero
(D) D.C. ammeter will get damaged

3. In an LCR circuit, capacitance is changed from C to 2C. For the

resonant frequency to remain unchanged, the inductance should be
changed from L to :
(A) 4L (B) 2L (C) L/2 (D) L/4

4. A circuit has a resistance of 12 ohm and an impedance of 15 ohm.

The power factor of the circuit will be :
(A) 0.8 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.25 (D) 0.125

5. The phase difference between the alternating current and emf is /2.
Which of the following cannot be the constituent of the circuit?
(A) C alone (B) R, L (C) L, C (D) L alone

6. In a series LCR circuit R = 200 and the voltage and the frequency of
the main supply is 220 V and 50 Hz respectively. On taking out the
capacitance from the circuit the current lags behind the voltage by
30°. On taking out the inductor from the circuit the current leads the
voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the LCR circuit is
(A) 305 W (B) 210 W (C) Zero W (D) 242 W

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7. An LCR series circuit with 100Ω resistance is connected to an AC source
of 200 V and angular frequency 300 radians per second. When only the
capacitance is removed, the current lags the voltage by 60°. When only
the inductance is removed, the current leads the voltage by 60°. Then the
current and power dissipated in LCR circuit are respectively
(A) 1A, 200 watt. (B) 1A, 400 watt. (C) 2A, 200 watt. (D) 2A, 400 watt.

8. An alternating EMF of angular frequency is applied to a series LCR

circuit. For this frequency of the applied EMF,
(A) The circuit is at 'resonance' and its impedance is made up only of a
reactive part
(B) The current in the circuit is in phase with the applied EMF and the
voltage across R equals this applied EMF
(C) The sum of the potential differences across the inductance and
capacitance equals the applied EMF which is 180° ahead of phase of
the current in the circuit
(D) Impedance of the circuit is less than R

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