Elements of Mechanical
Engineering
ME110
Introduction to Mech. Engg.
Automobile: High-power lightweight engines, efficient mass-
manufacturing
Power generation: Conversion of stored energy into electricity,
manipulation of chemical-, kinetic, potential-, and nuclear-
energy, large-scale power production
Agriculture: Powered tractors, mechanized harvesting, high-
capacity irrigation pumps, computerized crops management
Airplane: Propulsion (jet engines), lightweight materials,
electromechanical control systems
Introduction to Mech. Engg.
Integrated circuit mass production: IC manufacturing
machines, alignment systems, temperature- and vibration
control, motors, bearings.
Air-conditioning and refrigeration: Compressors, refrigerants,
heat exchangers
Computer-aided engineering: Computer-aided design,
analysis, manufacturing, virtual collaboratives
Bio-engineering: Imaging, prosthetics, minimally
invasive surgery, tissue engineering
Introduction to Mech. Engg.
Thermo-Fluids: Heat transfer, Energy Systems,
HVAC, IC Engines
Mechanical Systems: Vibrations, Feedback
control, Mechatronics, MEMS
Design: Composites, Machine Design, FEM
Mechanical Core: Statics, Dynamics,
Thermodynamics, Fluid mechanics, Solid
mechanics
Types of Motion
• Linear motion
– motion in a straight line (example: train on a
track)
• Reciprocating motion
– linear motion that goes back and forth
(example: such as the piston in an internal
combustion engine)
• Rotary motion
– circular motion (example: the hands of a
clock moving, or a wheel on an axle)
• Oscillating motion
– circular or arc-motion back and forth
(example: the swing of a pendulum or the
turning and release of a doorknob)
Machine Components: Basic Elements
Gear, rack, pinion, etc.
Cam and Follower
Chain and sprocket
Inclined plane wedge
Lever
Slider-Crank
Linkage Wheel/Axle Springs
Inclined Plane
Wedge Worm Gear
Screw
Wood Plane
Lever
Scissors Piano
Weighing Scale Excavator
Wheel and Axle
Waterwheel Turbine
Windmill
Belt and Pulley
Chain Hoist Crane Elevator
Gears
Bevel Gear Spur Gear
Helical Gear Rack and Pinion
Cams
Cylindrical cam End Cam
Translating Cam Oscillating Cam
Springs
Leaf Spring
Washer Spring
Friction
Brake System Bearing
Forces in Structures
Moment of a Force
Equilibrium of Forces & Moments
Buoyancy
Force produced by fluid pressure
When an object is fully or partially
immersed in a fluid, due to the pressure
difference of the fluid between the top
and bottom of the object, buoyant force
acts on the object causing it to float
The net upward buoyancy force is equal
to the magnitude of the weight of fluid
displaced by the body
Buoyancy is important for boats, ships,
balloons, and airships
Drag Force
Force that resists the motion of an object
through a fluid
Drag force arises from the motion of an
object through fluid
Drag force arises from the flow of fluid
past an object
An object moving through a fluid
experiences a force in direction
opposite to its motion. Terminal
velocity is achieved when the
drag force is equal in magnitude
but opposite in direction to the
force propelling the object.
Lift
Lift forces arises as a fluid flows around a structure
Lift force acts perpendicular to the direction of flow
Mechanical Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy: Energy stored by an object
as it gains elevation within a gravitational field
Elastic Potential Energy: Energy stored by an object when
it is stretched or bent.
Kinetic Energy: Energy associated with an object’s motion.
Work & Power
When a force F acting on an object displaces it by distance d, the
force F is said to have done work W
W = f d
Power is the rate at which work is performed
W
P=
t
Course Contents
Module – 1: Mechanics
Introduction to Mechanical Engineering, emerging trends and its roles; Mechanics: statics
and dynamics, moments, stress-strain diagram, tension, compression and bending.
Module – 2: Mechanical drives
Introduction to different drives, belt drive, chain drive, gear drive, gear trains.
Module – 3: Prime movers and compressors
Heat Engines – classifications, IC engines – components – terminology, working of two and
four stroke petrol and diesel engine with PV diagram, comparison between petrol and
diesel engines, two stroke and four stroke engines.
Sources of energy – renewable and non-renewable.
Turbines and pumps: Introduction to turbines and pumps, types of turbines and pumps,
working principles.
Compressors: types, working principle, calculation of work requirement for reciprocating
compressor.
Course Contents
Module – 4: Refrigeration
Introduction to refrigeration, terminology, working principle – refrigeration cycles, COP,
properties of refrigerant.
Module – 5: Manufacturing
Casting – Types and methods, steps in making sand castings, cope and drag, gating system,
patterns, core making, casting defects, advantages and disadvantages of casting.
Welding, brazing and soldering.
Introduction to machine tool: functions of different parts of lathe, lathe operations: turning,
taper turning (compound rest), boring, thread cutting, knurling and facing; drilling machine
and operations;
Reference Books:
1. Elements of Mechanical Engineering – K.R. Gopalkrishna.
2. An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering – J. Wickert.
3. Elements of Mechanical Engineering – Roy and Choudhary.
4. Elements of Mechanical Engineering – A.A. Kale and Karad.
5. Elements of Mechanical Engineering – V.K. Manglik.
6. Basic and Applied Thermodynamics – P.K. Nag.
Evaluation Plan:
Internal Assessment: (60%) – [Quiz/Assignment/Test]
Mid Semester Exam: (15%)
End Semester Exam: (25%)
Course coordinator: Dr. Arumuga Perumal,
E-mail: perumal@[Link]
Thank You
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