AP3031

WHITE LED STEP-UP CONVERTER

Description Pin Assignments

The DIODES™ AP3031 is an inductor-based DC/DC boost converter (Top View)
designed to drive LED arrays. 1.4A switching current allows AP3031
to be used in different 7' to 10' LCD panel backlights (3*13 LED arrays Pin 1 Mark
typically).

SW 1 6 VIN
A constant frequency 1MHz PWM control scheme is employed in this
IC, which means tiny external components can be used. Specifically,
GND 2 5 OV
1mm tall 4.7µH inductor and 0.47µF output capacitor for the typical
application is sufficient.
FB 3 4 CTRL

The over output voltage protection is equipped in AP3031, which

protects the IC under open load condition. The AP3031 includes
SOT-23-6
UVLO, soft-start, current limit and OTSD to protect the circuit.

The AP3031 is available in standard SOT-23-6 package.

Applications
 7' to 10' LCD panels
Features  Digital photo frames
 GPS receivers
 Up to 92% Efficiency (VIN = 9V, IOUT = 260mA)
 EPC
 Up to 84% Efficiency (VIN = 5V, IOUT = 260mA)
 PDVD
 Fast 1MHz Switching Frequency
 Wide Input Voltage Range: 2.7V to 16V
 Low 200mV Feedback Voltage
 Output Overvoltage Protection
 Cycle by Cycle Current Limit: 1.4A
 Built-in Soft-Start
 Built-in Standby Mode to Achieve High Frequency PWM
Dimming
 Built-in Thermal Shutdown Function
 Undervoltage Lockout
 Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)
 Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)
 For automotive applications requiring specific change
control (i.e. parts qualified to AEC-Q100/101/104/200, PPAP
capable, and manufactured in IATF 16949 certified facilities),
please contact us or your local Diodes representative.
[Link]

Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS), 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) & 2015/863/EU (RoHS 3) compliant.
2. See [Link] for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and
Lead-free.
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds .

AP3031 1 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Typical Applications Circuit

VIN
L 4.7 H D
5V VOUT

CIN VIN SW
COUT 3*13
10 F OV
AP3031 0.47F
CTRL
On /Off FB
GND
R ISET

3 х 3 WLEDs

L1
VIN D1 VOUT
12V 18V

VIN SW
CIN COUT
OV R3 R1
AP3031
CTRL
FB
GND
R4 R2

Booster for LNB Application (Note 4)

L1
VIN D1 VOUT
3.6V 5V

VIN SW
CIN COUT
OV R1
AP3031
CTRL
FB
GND
R2

Booster for Portable Charger Application (Note 4)

Note: 4. VOUT = (1+R1/R2)*VFB.

AP3031 2 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Pin Description
Pin Number Pin Name Function
1 SW Switch Pin. Connect external inductor and Schottky.
2 GND Ground Pin.
3 FB Voltage Feedback Pin. Reference voltage is 200mV.
Enable and Dimming Control Pin. Connect to a high input to enable the IC or a low input to disable the IC.
 If logic low time is more than about 0.7ms and then the IC is enabled, the AP3031 will soft start to protect
4 CTRL system departments.
 If logic low time is less than about 0.7ms and then the IC is enabled, the AP3031 will hold on standby
mode and start directly to achieve high frequency dimming.
Overvoltage Protection Input Pin. Connect to the output directly. On OVP condition, the output voltage will be
5 OV
clamped.
6 VIN Input Supply Pin. Must be locally bypassed.

Functional Block Diagram

FB SW
3 1
SOFT
START
5
OV OV
DRIVER
200 mV A1
6 VREF CONTROL
VIN A2 Q1
1.25 V LOGIC

COMPARATOR OVER
TEMPERATURE
DETECTOR

 2
GND
4
CTRL STANDBY
RAMP
GENERATOR
To Control
Logic

1MHz
OSCILLATOR

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 5)

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit
VIN Input Voltage 20 V
VSW SW Pin Voltage 38 V
VFB Feedback Voltage 20 V
VCTRL CTRL Pin Voltage 20 V
JA Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient, No Heat Sink) 265 °C/W
TJ Operating Junction Temperature +150 °C
TSTG Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 °C
TLEAD Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec) +260 °C
— ESD (Machine Model) 600 V
— ESD (Human Body Model) 4000 V
Note: 5. Stresses greater than those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied.
Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods can affect device reliability.

AP3031 3 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Recommended Operating Conditions

Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit
TOP Operating Temperature Range -40 +85 °C
VIN Input Voltage 2.7 16 V
VCTRL CTRL Pin Voltage — 16 V

Electrical Characteristics (@VIN = 5.0V, VCTRL = 5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)
Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
VIN Operating Voltage — 2.7 — 16 V
IOUT = 20mA, 3 LEDs
VFB Feedback Voltage (Note 6) 188 200 212 mV
TA = -40°C to +85°C
IFB FB Pin Bias Current — — 35 100 nA
IQ Quiescent Current VFB = VIN, No Switching 3.0 4.0 5.0 mA
ISHDN Shutdown Quiescent Current VCTRL = 0V 20 50 80 µA
f Switching Frequency — 0.75 1 1.3 MHz
DMAX Maximum Duty Cycle — 90 93 — %
ILIMIT Switch Current Limit (Note 7) D = 60% 1.2 1.4 — A
VCESAT Switch VCE Saturation Voltage ISW = 0.6A — 300 — mV
— Switch Leakage Current VSW = 16V — 0.01 5 µA
Active High 1.8 — —
VCTRL CTRL Pin Voltage V
Active Low — — 0.5
ICTRL CTRL Pin Bias Current — 35 60 85 µA
VOVP OVP Voltage — 15.5 17.5 19.5 V
tSS Soft-Start Time — — 250 — µs
tSTB Standby Time — — 0.7 — ms
TOTSD Thermal Shutdown — — +155 — °C
Thermal Resistance
JC — — 60 — °C/W
(Junction to Case)
Notes: 6. The bold type specifications of full temperature range are guaranteed by design (GBD).
7. The switch current limit is related to duty cycle. Please refer to Figure Switch Current Limit vs. Duty Cycle for detail.

AP3031 4 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Performance Characteristics (WLED forward voltage (VF) = 3.2V at IF = 20mA, unless otherwise noted.)
Efficiency vs. Output Current Efficiency vs. Input Voltage

90 95

85 90

80 85

75 80
Efficiency (%)

Efficiency (%)
70 75

65 70

60 65
o o
55 VIN=5V, VOUT=10V, TA=+25 C 60 VOUT=10V, IOUT=260mA,TA=+25 C
CIN=10F, COUT=0.47F, L=4.7H CIN=10F, COUT=0.47F, L=4.7H
50 55

45 50
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5

Output Current (mA) Input Voltage (V)

Minimum Operating Voltage vs. Temperature Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage

2.70 4.7

2.65 4.6
Minimum Operating Voltage (V)

2.60 4.5
Quiescent Current (mA)

2.55 4.4

2.50 4.3

2.45 4.2

2.40 4.1

2.35 4.0 o
TA= -40 C
o
2.30 3.9 TA= +25 C
o
2.25 3.8 TA= +85 C

2.20 3.7
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Temperature ( C)
o Input Voltage (V)

Shutdown Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage CTRL Pin Voltage vs. Temperature

85 2.0

80 1.8
Shutdown Quiescent Current (A)

75
1.6
CTRL Pin Voltage (V)

70
1.4
65
1.2
60
1.0
55
o
TA= -40 C 0.8
50 TA= +25 C
o

o
45 TA= +85 C 0.6

40 0.4
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
o
Input Voltage (V) Temperature ( C)

AP3031 5 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Performance Characteristics (WLED forward voltage (VF) = 3.2V at IF = 20mA, unless otherwise noted.) (continued)

CTRL Pin Current vs. CTRL Pin Voltage Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature

220 212

200 210

208
180

Feedback Voltage (mV)

206
CTRL Pin Current (A)

160
204
140 202

120 200

100 198

196
80
194
60
192
IOUT= 20mA
40 190

20 188
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
o
CTRL Pin Voltage (V) Temperature ( C)

Frequency vs. Temperature OVP Voltage vs. Temperature

1.4 20

1.3
19

1.2
OVP Voltage (V)
Frequency (MHz)

18
1.1

1.0 17

0.9
16

0.8

15
0.7

0.6 14
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
o o
Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C)

Frequency vs. Input Voltage Switch Current Limit vs. Duty Cycle

1.20 2.0
o
1.15 1.9 TA=-40 C
o
TA=+25 C
1.10 1.8
o
Switch Current Limit (A)

TA=+85 C
1.05 1.7
Frequency (MHz)

1.00 1.6

0.95 1.5

0.90 1.4

0.85 1.3

0.80 1.2

0.75 1.1

0.70 1.0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Input Voltage (V) Duty Cycle (%)

AP3031 6 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Performance Characteristics (WLED forward voltage (VF) = 3.2V at IF = 20mA, unless otherwise noted.) (continued)

Switch Saturation Voltage vs. Switch Current Case Temperature vs. Output Current

650 80
600
75
550
Switch Saturation Voltage (mV)

70
500

Case Temperature ( C)
450 65

o
400 60
350
55
300
250 50

200 o 45
TA=-40 C
150 o o
TA=+25 C 40 VIN=5V, VOUT=10V, TA=+25 C
100 o
TA=+85 C 35
CIN=10F, COUT=0.47F, L=4.7H
50
0 30
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340

Switch Current (A) Output Current (mA)

Application Information

Operation
The AP3031 is a boost DC-DC converter which uses a constant frequency, current mode control scheme to provide excellent line and load
regulation. Operation can be best understood by referring to Function Block Diagram and Typical Applications Circuit.

At the start of each oscillator cycle, switch Q1 turns on. The switch current will increase linearly. The voltage on sense resistor is proportional to
the switch current. The output of the current sense amplifier is added to a stabilizing ramp and the result is fed into the non-inversion input of the
PWM comparator A2. When this voltage exceeds the output voltage level of the error amplifier A1, the switch is turned off.

It is clear that the voltage level at inversion input of A2 sets the peak current level to keep the output in regulation. This voltage level is the output
signal of error amplifier A1, and is the amplified signal of the voltage difference between feedback voltage and reference voltage of 200mV. So, a
constant output current can be provided by this operation mode.

LED Current Control

Refer to Typical Applications Circuit, the LED current is controlled by the feedback resistor RISET. LEDs' current accuracy is determined by the
feedback voltage and resistor RISET, so the precise resistors are preferred. The resistance of R ISET is in inverse proportion to the LED current
since the feedback reference is fixed at 200mV. The relation for RISET and LED current (ILED) can be expressed as below:

200mV
RISET 
I LED

Overvoltage Protection
The AP3031 has an internal open load protection circuit. When the LEDs are disconnected from circuit or fail open, the output voltage is clamped
at about 17.5V. The AP3031 will switch at a low frequency, and minimize current to avoid input voltage drop.

Soft-Start
The AP3031 has an internal soft start circuit to limit the inrush current during startup. If logic low time on CTRL pin is more than about 0.7ms and
then the IC is enabled, the AP3031 will start smoothly to protect the supplier. The time of startup is controlled by internal soft-start capacitor. For
details please refer to the Figure of Soft-Start Waveform.

AP3031 7 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Application Information (continued)

Soft-Start Waveform
VIN = 5V, 3x 13 LEDs, ILED = 260mA

Standby and Dimming

To avoid audio noise and achieve high frequency dimming, AP3031 is equipped with standby function. If logic low time on CTRL pin is less than
about 0.7ms and then the IC is enabled, the AP3031 will hold on standby mode and start directly to achieve high frequency dimming. For details
please refer to the Figure of Standby Waveform.

Standby Waveform

Two typical types of dimming control circuit are present as below. First, controlling CTRL pin voltage to change operation state is a good choice.
Second, changing the feedback voltage to get appropriate duty and luminous intensity is also useful.

(1) Adding a Control Signal to CTRL Pin

Add a PWM signal to CTRL pin directly, the AP3031 is turned on and off by this signal. When the PWM frequency is lower than 1kHz (Typ.), the IC
works in the soft-start mode to dimming the light. On contrary, when the PWM frequency is higher than 1kHz (Typ.), the IC works in the standby
mode: the converter ceaselessly switches off and directly starts to achieve light dimming. This standby function allows AP3031 to support high
frequency dimming (up to 25kHz or higher) to avoid audio noise. For more details please refer to the Figure of Dimming Control Using a PWM
Signal in CTRL Pin and the Figure of High Frequency (25kHz) Dimming Waveform.

AP3031
CTRL

Dimming Control
Using a PWM Signal in CTRL Pin

AP3031 8 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Application Information (continued)

High Frequency (25kHz)

Dimming Waveform

(2) Changing the Effective Feedback Voltage

There are two popular methods to change the effective feedback voltage.

First, adding a constant DC voltage through a resistor divider to FB pin can control the dimming. Changing the DC voltage or resistor between the
FB pin and the DC voltage can get appropriate luminous intensity. Comparing with all kinds of PWM signal control, this method features a stable
output voltage and LEDs current. Please refer to the Figure of Dimming Control Using DC Voltage.

AP3031
FB
Effective
VDC Feedback Voltage
R3 R2 R1

Dimming Control
Using DC Voltage

Second, using a filtered PWM signal can do it. The filtered PWM signal can be considered as a varying and adjustable DC voltage. Please refer to
the Figure of Dimming Control Using Filtered PWM Voltage.

AP3031
FB
Effective
PWM Feedback Voltage
R4 R3 R2
C R1

Dimming Control
Using Filtered PWM Voltage

AP3031 9 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Ordering Information

AP3031 X X - X

Product Name Package Packing RoHS/Green

K: SOT-23-6 TR: Tape & Reel G1: Green

Packing
Part Number Package Temperature Range Identification Code
Qty. Carrier

AP3031KTR-G1 SOT-23-6 -40 to +85°C GEC 3000 Tape & Reel

Marking Information

( Top View )
6 5 4 XXX : Identification Code
7

XX : Identification
Y : Year Code
0 to 9 (ex: 2 = 2022)
XXX W : Week :
Y : Year 0~9 A to Z : week 1 to 26
XXY YW W a to z : week 27 to 52; z represents
X X W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;
week 52 and 53
a~z : 27~52
X : Internal Code
week; z represents
1 2 3
52 and 53 week
X : Internal Code

Part Number Package Identification Code

AP3031KTR-G1 SOT-23-6 GEC

AP3031 10 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).)

Please see [Link] for the latest version.

SOT-23-6

AP3031 11 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

Suggested Pad Layout

Please see [Link] for the latest version.

SOT-23-6

Z G X Y E
Dimensions
(mm)/(inch) (mm)/(inch) (mm)/(inch) (mm)/(inch) (mm)/(inch)
Value 3.600/0.142 1.600/0.063 0.700/0.028 1.000/0.039 0.950/0.037

Mechanical Data
 Moisture Sensitivity: Level 3 per JESD22-A113
 Terminals: Matte Tin Plated Leads, Solderable per M2003 JESD22-B102
 Weight: 0.016 grams (Approximate)

AP3031 12 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
 AP3031

IMPORTANT NOTICE

1. DIODES INCORPORATED (Diodes) AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH
REGARDS TO ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RIGHTS (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).

2. The Information contained herein is for informational purpose only and is provided only to illustrate the operation of Diodes’ products
described herein and application examples. Diodes does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any
product described herein. This document is intended for skilled and technically trained engineering customers and users who design with Diodes’
products. Diodes’ products may be used to facilitate safety-related applications; however, in all instances customers and users are responsible for
(a) selecting the appropriate Diodes products for their applications, (b) evaluating the suitability of Diodes’ products for their intended applications,
(c) ensuring their applications, which incorporate Diodes’ products, comply the applicable legal and regulatory requirements as well as safety and
functional-safety related standards, and (d) ensuring they design with appropriate safeguards (including testing, validation, quality control
techniques, redundancy, malfunction prevention, and appropriate treatment for aging degradation) to minimize the risks associated with their
applications.

3. Diodes assumes no liability for any application-related information, support, assistance or feedback that may be provided by Diodes
from time to time. Any customer or user of this document or products described herein will assume all risks and liabilities associated with such
use, and will hold Diodes and all companies whose products are represented herein or on Diodes’ websites, harmless against all damages and
liabilities.

4. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents and pending patent
applications. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks
and trademark applications. Diodes does not convey any license under any of its intellectual property rights or the rights of any third parties
(including third parties whose products and services may be described in this document or on Diodes’ website) under this document.

5. Diodes’ products are provided subject to Diodes’ Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale
([Link] or other applicable terms. This document does not
alter or expand the applicable warranties provided by Diodes. Diodes does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any
products purchased through unauthorized sales channel.

6. Diodes’ products and technology may not be used for or incorporated into any products or systems whose manufacture, use or sale is
prohibited under any applicable laws and regulations. Should customers or users use Diodes’ products in contravention of any applicable laws or
regulations, or for any unintended or unauthorized application, customers and users will (a) be solely responsible for any damages, losses or
penalties arising in connection therewith or as a result thereof, and (b) indemnify and hold Diodes and its representatives and agents harmless
against any and all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim relating to any noncompliance with
the applicable laws and regulations, as well as any unintended or unauthorized application.

7. While efforts have been made to ensure the information contained in this document is accurate, complete and current, it may contain
technical inaccuracies, omissions and typographical errors. Diodes does not warrant that information contained in this document is error-free and
Diodes is under no obligation to update or otherwise correct this information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Diodes reserves the right to make
modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described
herein. This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document
is the final and determinative format released by Diodes.

8. Any unauthorized copying, modification, distribution, transmission, display or other use of this document (or any portion hereof) is
prohibited. Diodes assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customers or users or any third parties arising from any such
unauthorized use.

9. This Notice may be periodically updated with the most recent version available at [Link]
conditions/important-notice

The Diodes logo is a registered trademark of Diodes Incorporated in the United States and other countries.
DIODES is a trademark of Diodes Incorporated in the United States and other countries.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
© 2022 Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

[Link]

AP3031 13 of 13 December 2022

Document number: DS41442 Rev. 2 - 2 [Link] © 2022 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.