Failure of three or more spoiler panels causes flaps are retracted, these tests are not

the EICAS advisory message SPOILER accomplished. If the tests are interrupted or
PAIRS to display. are not accomplished on two consecutive
what are some of the unique flight control flights, a fault condition may be set.
failure redundancies? With loss of all After the first series of tests are complete,
787 Flight Controls
hydraulics? or loss of flight control signaling and all hydraulic systems are depressurized,
? an additional series of flight control self-tests
how many flight control modes are there? In the unlikely event of the loss of all are run. These tests take approximately 70
3 hydraulic power, the electrically actuated seconds and require that hydraulics remain
The primary flight control system is highly stabilizer and two spoiler pairs allow pilot un powered and the flaps or speedbrakes not
redundant, with three operating modes: control of pitch and roll using the primary be moved during the tests.
normal mode, secondary mode, and direct pitch trim switches, alternate pitch trim While each series of tests are running,
mode. switches, and the control wheel. various EICAS alert and status messages
If there is a complete loss of flight control display, the trim indication blinks, and
what are the primary flight control surfaces? signaling, direct wiring from the flight deck various failures display on the flight controls
Flight Control Surfaces to the stabilizer and a spoiler pair allow pilot synoptic page. When the self-tests are
Pitch control is provided by: control of pitch using the alternate pitch trim complete, the EICAS alert and status
• two elevators switches and roll using the control wheel. messages are removed, and the trim indicator
• a movable horizontal stabilizer and synoptic display return to normal.
Roll control is provided by: What are the flight control locks for? In secondary mode what features are not
• two flaperons There are two FLIGHT CONTROL available?
• two ailerons SURFACES lock switches located on the In the secondary mode, the following
• fourteen spoilers overhead panel for locking out the flight functions are not available:
Yaw control is provided by a single rudder. control surfaces on the tail and wings. The • autopilot
flight control lock switches are for use by • pitch compensation
maintenance personnel to prevent surface • auto speedbrakes
How does asymmetry protection work on the movement when working on or in the area of • roll/yaw asymmetry compensation
ground with an engine failure? the control surfaces. • envelope protection
On the ground above 60 knots groundspeed, • tail strike protection
the flight control system attempts to maintain What happens if the flight controls are when does the flight control mode revert to
a yaw rate near zero by commanding rudder locked on take off? secondary?
to counter the majority of the yawing the flight control surfaces automatically The PFCs automatically revert to secondary
moment due to an engine failure. The rudder unlock when groundspeed exceeds 40 knots. mode when inertial or air data is insufficient
pedals move to give the pilots feedback. There is also an eicas message alerting the to support normal mode or when all slat and
How does asymmetry protection work on the crew. flap position data is unavailable.
ground? Tell me about flight controls in normal Can the secondary mode be manually
During reverse thrust asymmetry conditions, mode? entered?
or during takeoffs in crosswind or gusty In the normal mode during manual flight NO
conditions, the flight control system attempts (autopilot disengaged), four ACEs (actuator When do the flight controls revert to direct
to maintain a zero yaw rate by automatically control electronics) receive pilot control mode?
adding rudder corrections. Under these inputs and send these signals to three PFCs. The ACEs automatically transition to the
conditions the rudder pedals do not move. (Primary Flight direct mode when they detect the failure of
what about asymmetry in flight? Computers) all three PFCs or lose communication with
automatic asymmetry occurs in all flight The PFCs verify these signals and the PFCs.
regimes to zero yaw, and the rudder pedal information from other airplane systems to Can the direct mode be manually entered?
move to alert the pilot. and is shown on eicas compute enhanced control surface yes
What are some of the features of rudder trim? commands. These commands are sent back
Automatic in flight (will move rudder pedals) to the ACEs, then to the flight control surface When does the pilot have to make trim
Automatically zeroed on landing actuators. ( changes during pitch control?
Rudder trim is inhibited on the ground above When airspeed changes.
30 kts and during approach LAND3 In all other cases :The PFCs provide pitch
In secondary and direct modes, the rudder compensation by utilizing control surface
ratio changer is based on ___________ commands to minimize airplane pitch
flap position.. Less rudder with flaps up. responses to thrust changes, configuration
How many sets of spoilers are there? changes (gear, flap, speedbrake), turbulence,
There are 7 sets of spoilers, 4 outboard and 3 and turns up to 30° of bank. The PFCs
inboard of the flaperons, on the upper surface automatically control pitch to maintain a
of each wing. relatively constant flight path. This
what happens to the flight controls after eliminates the need for the pilot to make
How are the spoilers powered?
landing and below 30 knots? control column inputs to compensate for
All three hydraulic systems control 5 sets of
After landing with flaps and speed brakes these factors. For turns up to 30° of bank, the
the spoilers the remaining 2 sets are
retracted and groundspeed less than 30 knots, pilot does not need to add additional column
electrically controlled.
a series of flight control self-tests are run. back pressure to maintain altitude. For turns
What causes the EICAS advisory message
The first series of tests require hydraulic of more than 30° of bank, the pilot does need
SPOILERS to display?
power to be on, and take approximately 90 to add column back pressure.
failure of 2 spoilers in flight or one spoiler
seconds to complete. These tests start when
not down and locked on the ground.
the flaps are retracted and also require that
What causes the EICAS message SPOILER Do the pitch trim sws function with autopilot
hydraulic power not be interrupted or flight
PAIR to display? on?
controls moved to avoid interrupting these
tests. If the engines are shutdown before the
NO, The primary pitch trim switches are What message would be displayed with both Is there bank angle protection with the
inhibited when the autopilot is engaged. stab channels failed? autopilot off?
Pitch trim does not move the control column. STABILIZER yes.
How is pitch trim different on the ground vs With both R2 and L2 stab cutout sws placed Bank angle protection provides roll control
in flight? (normal mode) in the cutout position, what would be wheel inputs when airplane bank angle
On the ground, the stabilizer is directly displayed? exceeds the bank angle protection boundary
positioned when the pilot uses the pitch trim STABILIZER CUTOUT of approximately 35°. If the boundary is
switches. exceeded, the control wheel force rolls the
In flight, the pitch trim switches do not If stab has failed or been shut down is pitch airplane back within 30° of bank. This roll
position the stabilizer directly, but make trim still available? command can be overridden by the pilot.
inputs to the PFCs to change the trim yes Can bank angle protection be overridden?
reference speed. The trim reference speed is In the normal mode, when the stabilizer is Yes, with pilot control wheel force,
the speed at which the airplane would manually shut down or has failed, pitch trim temporarily
eventually stabilize if there were no control is still available through the elevators. Pitch or by disengaging the AP with the disengage
column inputs. trim commands from the primary or alternate bar on the MCP
how does the stab trim function in secondary pitch trim switches change the trim reference Is roll envelope protection available in modes
or direct mode? speed. The elevators then trim the airplane other than normal law?
In the secondary or direct modes, primary but the stabilizer does not move. NO.
pitch trim operates the same on the ground What is column cutout? Roll envelope bank angle protection is not
and in flight; the stabilizer is directly If a nose up or nose down pitch trim available in the secondary or direct modes.
positioned when the pilot uses the primary command from either the primary or On the ground how many hydraulic systems
pitch trim switches. alternate trim switches is opposed by either need to be powered to move the flaps?
How is alternate stab trim different than control column for more than 2 seconds, the On the ground ,all three hydraulic systems
normal trim? column cutout function disables the specific must be pressurized before flaps will move to
Alternate pitch trim commands have priority pitch trim switch commands until the switch avoid contact with an unpowered (drooping)
over primary pitch trim commands in all input indicates no trim input. If the column spoiler.
flight control modes. cutout function remains active for more than How do the flaps/slats sequence?
Does alternate trim function the same as 20 seconds, i.e. the trim switch remains When moving the flaps to 1, only the slats
normal trim in normal, direct and secondary jammed or failed, the STABILIZER L2/R2 move to the mid position.
mode? EICAS advisory is displayed, the flight moving the flaps to 5, 15, and 20 the flaps
yes, trim reference speed in NORMAL mode control system reverts to Direct mode, and move to the selected position, the slats
and direct to the ACE when in other modes. the uncommanded input is removed by remain in the mid position.
What envelope protection is there in PITCH? system shutdown. moving the flap handle to 25 extends the
The pitch envelope protection functions When is the stab green band indicator shown slats to full extension.
include: on the micas? moving the handle to 30 moves the flaps to
• overspeed protection Ground: 30
• stall protection on initial power up how are the flaps controlled in normal mode?
Can the pilot override the protections? after landing and less than 40 knots In the primary mode, the flaps and slats are
yes with twice the normal stick force. after landing and any pair of pitch trim controlled together and positioned using
Tell me how tail strike protection works? switches are used center hydraulic system motors.
During takeoff or landing, the PFCs calculate and: How are the flaps controlled in the secondary
if a tail strike is imminent and decrease in the air and any of the following EICAS mode?
elevator deflection, if required, to reduce the messages are active: In the secondary mode the slats and flaps are
potential for tail contact with the ground. • FLIGHT CONTROL MODE controlled separately and can be positioned
Activation of tail strike protection does not • PITCH DOWN AUTHORITY by hydraulic or electric motors.
provide feedback to the control column. • PITCH UP AUTHORITY Is flap load relief and auto gap protection
Protection does not degrade takeoff • PRI FLIGHT COMPUTERS available in secondary mode?
performance and is compatible with the • STABILIZER NO, only in primary mode
autoland system. • STABILIZER CUTOUT
Does secondary or direct mode provide for When does the stab green band indication go how does flap load relief function?
pitch compensation? away? If flap airspeed placard limits are exceeded
NO compensations for: gear up for 10 seconds with the flaps in the 15 through 30 position,
• flap and speedbrake or 60 seconds after liftoff LOAD RELIEF is displayed and the flaps
• turns to 30° bank angle when is EICAS advisory message STAB automatically retract to a safe position
-configuration changes GREENBAND displayed? appropriate to the airspeed. Load relief
• gear configuration changes is displayed if: retraction is limited to flaps 5.
• thrust changes • computed green band disagrees with What else protects the flaps from extension if
• turbulence pressure transducer data, or speed is too high?
What happens to the stabilizer if • the two transducer values are not within the If a flap overspeed exists, load relief prevents
uncommanded stabilizer motion is sensed? set tolerance, or flap extension beyond the 5, 15, or 20/25
the stabilizer channel that caused the motion • either transducer has failed positions until airspeed is sufficiently
is automatically shut down Tell me three things about roll control that reduced.
differs from a conventional airplane? Is there slat load relief?
Can the stabilizer still function? Control wheel forces increase as control Slat load relief is available in the secondary
yes the other channel displacement increases. mode. If airspeed exceeds 225 KIAS with the
What message would the eicas dispay with a The ailerons are locked out at high speeds. slats fully extended, they retract to the
single stab channel failure? middle position and LOAD
STABILIZER L2 or R@ Aileron trim is incorporated into the flight What is slat auto gap?
control laws and no pilot input is required. The slat autogap function is only available in
primary mode when the slats are in the
middle position and the airspeed is below
225 KIAS. At a high angle of attack, autogap
fully extends the slats to increase the wing
camber, thus increasing the lift and margin to
stall. The slats return to the middle position
after the angle of attack decreases. The
autogap trip threshold is a function of AOA,
airspeed and flap position.
What is pre gap protection?
In the secondary mode the system is too slow
to respond to an autogap request, so a pregap
function exists. The slats automatically move
to the fully extended position from the
middle position when the flap lever is not UP
and airspeed is less than 225 KIAS. The slats
remain in the extended position until the flap
lever is in the UP position or airspeed is
above 225 KIAS.
What are cruise flaps?
Cruise flaps is an automated function that
improves the airplane's cruise performance
by symmetrically moving the flaps, ailerons,
flaperons, and spoilers based on airplane
parameters such as weight, airspeed and
altitude. Cruise flaps optimizes performance
in cruise by varying the camber of the wing
and thus reducing drag. Control surface
movements are minor and no pilot interaction
is required. The EICAS advisory message
CRUISE FLAPS SYS is displayed if the
system fails with the flaps in an increased
drag condition.
Flap and Slat Asymmetry Detection?
In primary and secondary modes the flap and
slat systems are designed to shutdown when
a skew condition or asymmetric deployment
is detected. When the system is shutdown,
the corresponding EICAS caution message
FLAPS DRIVE and/or SLATS DRIVE is
annunciated.
Uncommanded Flap or Slat Motion?
Uncommanded motion is detected when the
flaps or slats:
• move away from the commanded position,
or
• continue to move after reaching a
commanded position, or
• move in a direction opposite to that
commanded
Flap or Slat Disagree?
A disagree is detected when the flaps or slats
do not move or move too slowly after a
commanded input. If the flap or slat is
operating in the primary mode, and the rate
of motion is less than half the normal rate, an
automatic transfer to the secondary mode
occurs. The EICAS caution message FLAPS
PRIMARY FAIL and/or SLATS PRIMARY
FAIL is displayed. If motion continues at less
than half the normal rate, the system shuts
down. The EICAS caution message FLAPS
DRIVE and/or SLATS DRIVE is displayed.