John Deere Standard

APPROVED FOR SUPPLIER

DISTRIBUTION JDM F23

Specification for Electroplated Zinc Coating on

Non-Fastener Parts

Table of Contents

D 1
2
Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 3
Terms and Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 3
D
R R
3 General Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 4
4 Mechanical Plating Substitution ........................................................................................................... 5

A A
5 Appearance .......................................................................................................................................... 5
6 Zinc Coating Thickness ........................................................................................................................ 5

F F
7 Zinc Coating Adhesion ......................................................................................................................... 5
8 Freedom from Hydrogen Embrittlement ............................................................................................... 5
9 Conversion Coating .............................................................................................................................. 6

T 10
11
Corrosion Protection ............................................................................................................................. 6
Designation for Enterprise Standard Parts ........................................................................................... 7
T
12 Designations for JDM F23 Parts Using Minimum Zinc Coating Thickness of 5 µm............................. 8
13 Designations for JDM F23 Parts Using Specific Zinc Coating Thickness Specification ...................... 8
14 Quality Assurance Requirements for Purchased Components ............................................................ 9
15 Information Necessary on Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) ................................................ 9
16 References ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Summary of Changes from Previous Edition
(For Information Only — Not Part of the Standard) ............................................................................ 12

Current edition: Supersedes: First issued:

2014-04-08 2013-08-16 2013-08-16 Design Control: DT Page 1 of 12
John Deere Standards are intended for use by Deere & Company, its divisions and subsidiaries. Suppliers who rely on them in
furnishing products to or for the benefit of the Company must determine that they are in possession of the latest version.
Distribution of the standards to parties other than John Deere Suppliers, whether with or without charge, are for information only and
Deere & Company disclaims all responsibility for results attributable to the application of or compliance with such standards. The
Company makes no representation, express or implied, that conformity ensures compliance with applicable law or other rules or
regulations. Further, those who are in receipt of and elect to use the standards, agree to assume the responsibility for compliance
with patents, as well as potential patent infringement.
Deere & Company Engineering Standards Department, One John Deere Place, Moline, Illinois 61265-8098, U.S.A. Unpublished —
All rights reserved under the copyright laws.
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List of Tables
Table 1 Conversion Coatings Permitted by JDM F23 .............................................................................. 6
Table 2 Neutral Salt Spray Resistance for JDM F23 Coatings as Processed ......................................... 6
Table 3 Neutral Salt Spray Resistance for JDM F23 Coatings as Received ........................................... 7

D D
R R
A A
F F
T T

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1 Scope

1.1 JDM F23 specifies requirements for electroplated coatings of zinc on ferrous parts for corrosion
protection. JDM F23 coating is specified in terms based on ISO 2081 and meets the requirements of
ISO 2081 with the exceptions specified in JDM F23.

Note 1 JDM F23 replaces JDS 117 and JDS 117X1, which are withdrawn.

1.2 JDM F23 does not apply to coatings applied to the following:
 closed-coil springs manufactured after 2014-04-15,
 sheet, strip or wire in the unfabricated form, or
 fasteners.

D D
Note 2 Electroplated coatings for fasteners are specified in JDM F15. If a specific torque tension relationship is
required, JDM F15 is recommended. Reference JDM F19 for hydraulic tubing and hydraulic connectors.

R R
1.3 JDM F13 zinc flake coating is recommended for closed-coil springs manufactured on or after
2014-04-15. JDM F23 does not specify the surface condition of the base metal prior to coating, coating
allowances (if any) for threaded parts, or thread limits either before or after coating.

A 1.4 This standard can contain mandatory provisions, which are identified by the words “shall” or
“required”. Compliance with the mandatory provisions is required to claim conformance with this standard.
This standard can also contain guideline provisions, which are generally identified by the words “should”
A
F F
or “recommended”. Compliance with the guideline provisions is not required, because they might not be
appropriate for all machines or all applications.

T T
2 Terms and Definitions

For the purposes of JDM F23, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2081 and the following together,
apply.

2.1
fastener
Part that transfers load by joining two or more parts, with or without the use of threads.

Note 3 Parts are considered to be fasteners if they are covered by ISO 1891 with the inclusion of snap rings.
Examples of fasteners include bolts, screws, nuts, weld nuts, flat washers, spring washers, split pins, and blind rivets.

2.2
non-fastener
Part whose function is not primarily for joining two or more parts.

Note 4 Parts are considered to be non-fasteners if they are not covered by ISO 1891. Examples of non-fastener
parts include tubing, brackets, pulleys, and tie rods.

2.3
sacrificial coating corrosion
Visual corrosion of the zinc coating, often referred to as “white corrosion” or “white rust”, which typically
occurs prior to base metal corrosion.

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2.4
base metal corrosion
Visual corrosion of the base metal, often referred to as “red corrosion” or “red rust”.

2.5
enterprise standard part
Part owned by the Enterprise Engineering Standards Department which do not require a part drawing.

2.6
conversion coating
A layer on the surface of the electroplated zinc formed when the exposed zinc surface chemically reacts
with a solution and is converted to a chemical compound of the zinc and an anion of the solution to which
it has been exposed.

D D
2.7
conversion coating designated “C”
Conversion coating that, until 2014-11-01, may be either colorless or yellow iridescent in appearance.

R R
2.8
colorless conversion coating
Conversion coating with the appearance of a transparent, to clear with possible bluish hue, slight

A A
iridescence is acceptable. Colorless layer applied such that the underlying coating is seen through the
conversion coating on the finished product.

2.9

F as processed
Supplier provided results of neutral salt spray (NSS) testing of samples collected at the supplier’s
manufacturing facility at least 24 hours after conversion coating treatment process.
F
T 2.10
as received
T
Neutral salt spray (NSS) testing of samples collected after arrival at John Deere.

Note 5 The as-received NSS value takes into account handling degradation of the JDM F23 coating on the part.

2.11
significant surface
Surface on which the specified zinc coating thickness applies, includes all surfaces of the part other than
screw threads that are normally visible, directly or by reflection, and that can be touched by a 20 mm
diameter ball.

2.12
supplementary treatment
Any surface treatment, including organic or inorganic sealing agents, applied in addition to the conversion
coating in order to enhance corrosion protection or other coating properties.

3 General Requirements

3.1 JDM F23 coatings shall conform to ISO 2081, except as allowed by the requirements of
JDM F23.

3.2 Zinc alloy other than zinc cobalt may be substituted for zinc with approved deviation provided that
JDM F23 requirements are satisfied.

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3.3 Any locations where rack contact marks are permissible shall be specified or agreed to by a
John Deere representative.

3.4 All part dimensions except for screw threads shall apply after coating. Screw thread limits before
coating, after coating or before and after coating are specified by the screw thread specifications.

4 Mechanical Plating Substitution

4.1 JDM F23 non-threaded parts with a surface hardness ≥ 39 HRC and mass ˂ 0.5 kg shall have a
mechanically deposited zinc coating meeting JDM F22 requirements. Powdered metal parts and JDM F23
parts ≥ 0.5 kg are excluded from the requirements of clause 4.

Note 6 Mechanical desposited zinc coating is used for high hardness parts to reduce the risk of hydrogen
embrittlement and is the most similar to electroplating zinc coatings in coating thickness and cost. If the default to

D D
mechanical zinc is not desired for a particular part, a specification change is required to designate another coating.

4.2 JDM F23 parts included in clause 4.1 with conversion coating designation “C” shall meet the
requirements of JDM F22 2A.

R 4.3 JDM F23 parts included in clause 4.1 with conversion coating designation “F” shall meet the
requirements of JDM F22 2E.
R
A Note 7 JDM F22 2A and JDM F22 2E require a minimum of 8 micron coating thickness.
A
5 Appearance
F JDM F23 coating appearance shall conform to ISO 2081. F
T 6

6.1
Zinc Coating Thickness

Unless otherwise specified, zinc coating thickness shall be determined by the supplier based on
T
dimensional and performance requirements, with a minimum coating thickness of 5 µm.

6.2 Unless otherwise specified, the significant surfaces shall be visibly coated, and the specified zinc
coating thickness applies to the local thickness at all points on significant surfaces.

6.3 Zinc coating thickness shall be measured by a method listed in ISO 3882, but in case of
disagreement the method given in ISO 1463 shall be decisive.

7 Zinc Coating Adhesion

Adhesion of the electroplated zinc coating to the base metal shall be such that there is no blistering, lifting
or peeling of the zinc coating upon completion of the burnishing test according to ISO 2819.

8 Freedom from Hydrogen Embrittlement

The JDM F23 coated parts shall be free from hydrogen embrittlement. Electroplated steel parts which are
subject to hydrogen embrittlement shall be suitably treated before, after, or before and after electroplating
to obviate such embrittlement. Preventive measures are specified or recommended in ISO 2081,
ISO 9587, and ISO 9588.

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9 Conversion Coating

9.1 For parts manufactured before 2014-11-01, “C” designation in Table 1 may be either colorless or
yellow iridescent, provided that the part with colorless conversion coating meets all specified
requirements of JDM F23.

9.2 Parts with a “C” designation manufactured on or after 2014-11-01 shall be colorless and shall not
contain hexavalent chromium.

9.3 Parts with an “F” designation manufactured on or after 2014-11-01 shall be black and shall not
contain hexavalent chromium.

Note 8 Black colored conversion coating provides poor uniform aesthetic quality.

D D
9.4 Table 1 shows the conversion coatings permitted by JDM F23.

Table 1 Conversion Coatings Permitted by JDM F23

R Designation Color Appearance Description

R
Colorless or yellow iridescent (before 2014-11-01)

A A
A
C — Designated “C” parts plated on or after
2014-11-01 shall only be colorless.

F F
F Black
A
Colorless conversion coating for designation “C” is an exception to ISO 2081.

T 10 Corrosion Protection T
10.1 Unless otherwise specified, the significant surfaces shall show neither sacrificial coating corrosion
products (except at corners or edges) nor base metal corrosion at the end of continuous neutral salt spray
according to ISO 9227 or ASTM B117 for the respective test times specified in Table 2 or Table 3, when
inspected with the unaided eye at normal reading distance. Unless otherwise specified, only those
surfaces of the part that are positioned in the test chamber in accordance with the specified test method
are pertinent for evaluating results.

10.2 All tests, including accelerated corrosion testing, shall be carried out at least 24 hours after
conversion coating treatment process.

10.3 JDM F23 parts shall meet or exceed the testing requirements shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Neutral Salt Spray Resistance for JDM F23

Coatings as Processed

Neutral Salt Spray Resistance, Minimum Test Time

Sacrificial Coating
Designation Corrosion Base Metal Corrosion

C 120 h 144 h

F 120 h 144 h
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10.4 Table 3 is provided for John Deere internal use and is not an attribute for rejection of supplier
parts.

10.5 Table 3 acknowledges the known plating industry existence of coating degradation due to
material handling. Table 3 should be used as a reference when performing NSS testing on samples
located at John Deere. Parts that do not meet Table 3 values are indicative of excessive material
handling, providing evidence for efficiency improvement opportunities.

Table 3 Neutral Salt Spray Resistance for JDM F23

Coatings as Received
Neutral Salt Spray Resistance, Minimum Test Time

Sacrificial Coating
Designation Corrosion Base Metal Corrosion

D C 72 h 96 h D
R R
F 72 h 96 h

10.6 A supplementary treatment may be used in addition to the conversion coating to meet the

A required corrosion resistance, provided that the coating with the supplementary treatment meets all
specified requirements. Documentation shall be provided through Product Part Approval Process to
John Deere regarding the type of supplementary treatment used, if any.
A
F Note 9 Use of certain supplementary treatments can affect subsequent paint adhesion.
F
T T
11 Designation for Enterprise Standard Parts

11.1 The specific designation for a standard part can be found on the GetSpecCallout within RECON.
The JDM F23 coating specification may be integrated within a John Deere parts family standard, if
available, or may be designated directly within the specification by citing JDM F23.

11.2 Black colored conversion coating is specified by the code “U” in the finish code attribute within
DRP. This code populates the specification with wording “black zinc”.

11.3 The following example shows how the coating designation shall be embedded in a part specified
according to another John Deere standard, in this case JDS 28.

Example 28H3408 Bushing – JDS 28 – 0.125 X 0.625 – Standard – A26A – Zinc.

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12 Designations for JDM F23 Parts Using Minimum Zinc Coating Thickness
of 5 µm

12.1 Parts that comply with the requirements of this standard, including clause 6.1, may be specified
on drawings using the JDM F23 designation.

12.2 Example 1 is a designation of an electroplated zinc coating with a 5 µm minimum zinc coating
thickness, with colorless conversion coating with or without supplementary treatment:

Example 1 PLATING PER JDM F23 C

12.3 Example 2 is a designation of an electroplated zinc coating with a 5 µm minimum zinc coating
thickness, with black-colored conversion coating with or without supplementary treatment:

D D
Example 2 PLATING PER JDM F23 F

13 Designations for JDM F23 Parts Using Specific Zinc Coating Thickness

R R
Specification

13.1 For parts where a specific zinc coating thickness minimum other than 5 µm or a specific coating

A A
range is required, a drawing shall be created. JDM F23 may be specified on the drawing to require
compliance to all portions of this standard with the exception of zinc coating thickness as stated on the
drawing.

F 13.2 The required JDM F23 coating is designated according to this standard by the designation of the
specification followed by the classification number. The classification number consists of: F
 The chemical symbol “Fe” for the base metal (iron or steel), followed by a slash (“/”) and the

T chemical symbol “Zn” for zinc coating.

 A number indicating the minimum zinc coating thickness in µm or two numbers, separated by a T
hyphen, indicating the minimum and maximum zinc coating thicknesses in µm.
 A suffix designating the color appearance of the conversion coating.
 Any additional or particular requirements.

Example 1 Designation of an electrodeposited zinc coating with 8 µm minimum coating thickness and a
colorless conversion coating with or without supplementary treatment:
JDM F23 Fe/Zn 8 C

Example 2 Designation of an electrodeposited zinc coating with 12 µm minimum coating thickness, a

black colored conversion coating with or without supplementary treatment, and as
processed 240 h base metal neutral salt spray (NSS) resistance:
JDM F23 Fe/Zn 12 F, as processed 240 h base metal NSS

Example 3 Designation of an electrodeposited zinc coating with thickness range of 5 - 15 µm and a

colorless conversion coating with or without supplementary treatment:
JDM F23 Fe/Zn 5 - 15 C

Example 4 Designation of an electrodeposited zinc coating with thickness range of 8 - 18 µm and a

black-colored conversion coating with supplementary treatment:
JDM F23 Fe/Zn 8 - 18 F, with supplementary treatment

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14 Quality Assurance Requirements for Purchased Components

The supplier shall pursue a program for continuous improvement with the goal of process capability as
outlined in the JDS-G223. For sampling requirements, refer to ISO 2081 and ISO 4519.

15 Information Necessary on Production Part Approval Process (PPAP)

The supplier shall provide the following items on the PPAP report, which is required by JDS-G223:

 Identification of the required JDM F23 plating designation for the part.
 A statement identifying coating type, indicating zinc or the specific zinc alloy substitute.
 A statement identifying zinc coating thickness test method, the standard to which part was
tested, quantitative data, and clear indication of pass or fail results.

D  A statement identifying zinc coating adhesion test method, the standard to which the part was
tested, a statement identifying test results, and clear indication of pass or fail results. D
 If performed, provide a detailed description of preventive measures taken to mitigate hydrogen

R embrittlement, including the period of time between coating and heat treatment processes, time
at temperature, and the dates, times of day, and temperatures of the heat treatment processes. R
 A statement of conversion coating color appearance and identification of conversion coating

A type.
 A statement identifying Neutral Salt Spray (NSS) test method, the standard to which the part
A
F F
was tested, and as processed Neutral Salt Spray data values with clear indication of
appearance of sacrificial coating corrosion and base metal corrosion per 24 hour period of
testing.

T T
 A statement identifying location of rack contact marks, if any.
 If applicable, documentation identifying any supplementary treatments applied to the part.

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16 References

For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.

16.1 Access to John Deere Standards

16.1.1 John Deere Standards can be accessed by John Deere personnel via the Engineering Standards
internal website.

16.1.2 Employees of suppliers with an approved John Deere supplier number can obtain access to John
Deere Standards via the JD Supply Network (JDSN). Access to JDSN is by approved individual name
and password. Suppliers should contact their Supply Management representative with questions about
JDSN.

D D
Note 10 Only John Deere Standards which have been approved for supplier distribution are available via JDSN.

16.2 Access to Standards from External Organizations

R 16.2.1 Most standards from organizations external to John Deere are available to John Deere personnel
via the Engineering Standards internal website. R
A 16.2.2 Suppliers are responsible for obtaining relevant external standards. In accordance with copyright
laws and Company policy, John Deere personnel shall not provide copies of these standards to suppliers. A
F F
16.3 John Deere Standards
JDM F15 Specification for Electroplated Coatings for Fasteners

T T
JDM F19 Hydraulic Connectors, Hose Fittings and Tube Assemblies- Specification for
Zinc or Zinc Alloy with Trivalent Chromate Coating
JDM F22 Specification for Mechanical Zinc Coating
JDS 117 Specification for Electroplated Zinc and Zinc Cobalt Coatings
JDS 117X1 Annex X1: Electroplated Zinc & Zinc Cobalt Coatings for Fasteners

16.4 ASTM Standards (ASTM International)

ASTM B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

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16.5 ISO Standards (International Organization for Standardization)

ISO 1463 Metallic and oxide coatings – Measurement of coating thickness – Microscopical
method
ISO 1891 Fasteners– Terminology
ISO 2081 Metallic coatings – Electroplated coatings of zinc on iron or steel
ISO 2819 Metallic coatings on metallic substrates – Electrodeposited and chemically
deposited coatings – Review of methods available for testing adhesion
ISO 3882 Metallic and other non-organic coatings – Review of methods of measurement
of thickness
ISO 4519 Electrodeposited Metallic Coatings and Related Finishes – Sampling

D D
Procedures for Inspection by Attributes
ISO 9227 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres – Salt spray tests
ISO 9587 Metallic and other inorganic coatings – Pretreatment of iron and steel to reduce

R ISO 9588
the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
Metallic and other inorganic coatings – Post- coating treatments of iron and steel R
to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement

A A
F F
T T

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A
Summary of Changes from Previous Edition
(For Information Only — Not Part of the Standard)

Revised clause 1 to allow JDM F23 to apply to closed coil springs manufactured prior to April 15, 2014.
Aligned recommendation for closed coil springs to JDS-D84 recommendation of JDM F13 zinc flake.

Revised clause 3.2 to allow zinc alloy other than zinc cobalt to sub for both colorless and black (currently
only colorless).

Updated clause 4 to revise the mechanical plating requirement to exclude powdered metal parts and to
include consideration of weight.

Corrected clause 10 to add ASTM B117 as an acceptable salt spray method and clarify how to utilize

D D
Table 3.

R R
A A
F F
T T

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