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Part 1 - Product Background and Project Plan
1.1 Product background:
A screwdriver is a hand tool used for driving screws into materials like wood, metal, or plastic.
The design and functionality of screwdrivers have evolved over centuries, adapting to various
applications and user needs.
1.1.1 Product description:
A screwdriver is a hand tool designed to turn screws to either drive them into materials or
remove them. It typically consists of a handle and a shaft with a tip that matches the head of the
screw.
1.2 Existing product design:
The XYZ Precision Screwdriver is engineered for precision and durability, ideal for delicate
electronics, small machinery, and intricate work. It combines ergonomic design with advanced
materials to ensure maximum performance and comfort.
1.2.1 AutoCAD drawing:
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1.2.2 Product structure:
1.2.3 Assembly chart:
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1.2.4 BOM (bill of material)
1.2.5 Gantt chart:
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Week Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week
5
Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Idea
Selection
Choosing a
product
Collecting
Data
Identifying
the customer
needs
Product
Function
Analysis
Finding
alternatives
Writing the
report
Part 2 Product Development Planning
2.1 Customer’s statements
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Customer Data: Project/Product Name
Interviewer(s)
Customer:
Date:
Address:
Willing to do a follow up?
Type of user
Customer Interpreted
Question Importance
Statement Need
Typical Uses: A1:
Screwdrivers
Q1: Why do you use this product?
help in putting
Q2: what are the required functions? A1:
together
Q3: assembling
components by
and 5
turning screws disassembling
into place A2: Do the 5
A2: the main required
function
function is to
fasten screw
and bolts
A1: it is easy to
Likes: use and no need A1: easy to 4
Q1: what do you like in the existing product? to be expert use
A2: the product
A2: portable 4
Q2: where can you move the product? can be moved
anywhere A3: cheap
Q3: how much do you buy this product? A3: the product screwdriver 4
has low-cost
A1: bad design
Dislikes: A1: easy to
in the grip 3
which lead do control
Q1: what are the human factor to be considered?
lose control. A2: safe
5
Q2: how the product safety? A2: the product product
has sharp edge A3: attractive
Q3: what do you dislike in the existing product? A3: the product 1
is not attractive
product
A1:design the
Suggested improvements: product tip to A1: multiple
do multiple 3
Q1: what improvement would you suggest to the product? function to do
function
A2: we can add
A2: use the
Q2: what features do you like to add to the product?
small light to product in the
2
Q3: see in the dark dark
area.
After that we will convert the customer statements into needs, we must follow the guidelines
Customer Needs (as related to
Customer Statements
customer statement)
1) the main function is to fasten screw and
Do the required function
bolts
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2) it is easy to use and no need to be expert easy to use
3) the product can be moved anywhere portable
4) the product has low-cost cheap screwdriver
5) bad design in the grip which lead do lose
easy to control
control.
6) the product has sharp edge safe product
7) the product is not attractive attractive product
8) Screwdrivers help in putting together
assembling and disassembling
components by turning screws into place
9) design the product tip to do multiple
multiple function to do
function
10) we can add small light to see in the dark
use the product in the dark
area.
2.1.1 Convert the statements to needs using the following guidelines:
1. “What” not “How” (Express the need in terms of what the product has to do, not in terms of
how it might do.
2. “No more no less (specific)” (Express the need at the same level of detail as customer
statement)
3. “It’s all about the product” (Express the need as attribute of the product)
4. “positive not negative” (Avoid negative phrases, positive phrase is easier to understand)
5. “No importance rating” (Avoid word that assign importance, e.g. must or should)
2.1.2 Prepare list for the needs:
To recognize the customer need type, we will need to use the Kanos approach
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2.2 Using Kanos approach
Customer
Kano Model Type
Needs (as
Customer Statements related to Performance
customer Must (One Attractive
statement) be dimension)
Perform
1. The required function is to fasten screw and the
√
bolts required
function
2. It is easy to use no need to be expert Easy to use √
3. The product can be moved any where Portable √
Cheap
4. The product has low cost √
screw
5. Bad design in the grip which lead to loss Easy to
√
control control
6. The product has sharp edge Safe screw √
Attractive
7. Product has no attractivity √
screw
Screw has
8. The shape of product tip should perform
multiple √
multiple functions
functions
Useability
9. Difficult to use in low light constraints √
in low light
High
[Link] product is durable √
durability
2.2.1 Complete the Kano evaluation table.
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Satisfaction Coefficient
Kano Classification
Dissatisfaction
Coefficient
Adj. Total
Customer Grad
Score Sample Rank Imp
Requirement e
* Pop
A O M Q R I
0.95 0.12
1) 1 2 3 35 M 39 40 1 5
0.92 0.2
2) 2 3 5 32 M 36 40 2 4
0.92 0.25
3) 3 3 7 30 M 34 40 3 4
0.95 0.62
2
4) 4 2
3
15 O 25 40 8 4
0.75 0.9
2
5) 5 10
6
4 O 28 40 6 3
0.65 0.8
1
6) 6 14
8
8 O 20 40 10 5
0.25 0.95
7) 7 30 8 2 A 30 40 6 1
0.2 0.95
8) 8 32 6 2 A 32 40 5 3
0.17 0.97
9) 9 33 6 1 A 33 40 4 2
0.95 0.55
2
10) 10 2
0
18 O 22 40 9 4
11)
12)
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2.2.2 Construct the Coefficient Graphs of Kano Satisfaction.
2.2 Developing quality function deployment (House of Quality)
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2.4 Develop Black Box for a Product or Technical System
A product function or its sub-functions can be depicted as a black box, illustrating inputs and
outputs at its boundaries (flow).
Inputs and outputs of a function/sub-function represent boundary interactions (flow),
characterized by their quantity and quality, and can be categorized as:
Energy, material, and information
Information (Signal Flow): It is the data conveyed to or by a device/process
Matter/Material: It is referred to the material properties such as form, mass, color,
condition, and so on
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Energy: It is energy which enable transfer or conversion of matter or information and
make something happen. Energy follows conservation laws which flow in or out of a
system.
2.4.1 Main function decomposition diagram
Energy: Human Energy Energy: Kinetic Energy
(HE) (KE)
Material: screwed
Material: screw bolts
bolts, User hand,
user hand, tip and shaft
material
Screw bolts screwdriver
Signal: of screw
Signal: to screw
2.4.2 Simplified decomposition diagram according user interaction:
Part 3 Product Concept Development
3.1 Concept Generation
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Generation of several concepts using external and internal search
Concept
Concept Description External search Internal search
#
1 Body shape Straight head cliyndrical
2 Grip material Soft grip material Hard grip material
3 Head safety Soft head Covering the edge
4 Shank material metal plastic
5 Head replace Solid screwdriver
6 Dirt resistance Nano coat Resistance color
7
8
9
10
11
12
3.1.1 Finding alternatives and solutions (Exploring ideas).
Exploring ideas for creating classification trees and morphological charts involves systematic
thinking and creativity. Here’s how you can approach finding alternatives and solutions using
these methods:
Classification Tree
Morphological Chart
3.1.2 Developing concept Classification Tree to identify promising sources to
develop the product.
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3.1.3 Developing concept Morphological Chart to identify promising sources
to develop the product.
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Find the Morphological Chart from the combination table focusing on the most promising
combination
These concept classification trees may be translated into morphological chart, since we have 2, 2,
2, 1, 2, alternatives therefore we will have 2x2x2x1x2= 16 combinations. These 16 combinations
are shown in the morphological table.
Head
Body Shape Grip material Head safety Dirt resistance
replace
Combination Soft Hard
s Straig Soft Coverin Nan Solid
Cylindrica grip grip Resistanc
ht hea g the o screwdrive
l head materia materia d e color
edge coat r
l l
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
3.2 Concept selection
Concept selection is a critical phase in the innovation and problem-solving process, involving
systematic evaluation and prioritization of potential solutions or ideas. It begins with clearly
defining objectives and establishing criteria that align with project goals, such as technical
feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and user satisfaction. Through brainstorming and structured
evaluation against these criteria, concepts are screened and ranked based on their merits and
potential to meet the desired outcomes. There is structured approach to effectively conduct
concept selection:
1 Concept screening
2 Concept scoring
3.2.1 Perform concept screening:
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We have evaluated each combination by assigning following value to each selecting criteria
0 = same as existing 1 = better than existing -1 = worse
than existing
Selection CONCEPT COMBINATIONS
Criteria 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Ease of use 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Ease to
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
manufacture
Safe
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
product
Ease to
0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
control
-
Durability 0 -1 0 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1 0 -1
1
Cost 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Net Score 0 -1 1 0 -1 -2 0 -1 1 0 2 1 0 -1 1 0
Rank 0 11 2 6 11 8 6 11 2 6 1 2 6 11 2 6
Continue Yes No Yes No No No No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes No
3.2.2 Perform concept scoring:
Concep
Concept 3 Concept 9 Concept 11 Concept 12
Selection weigh t 15
criteria t Ratin Weighte Ratin Weighte Ratin Weighte Ratin Weighte Rating Weighted
g d score g d score g d score g d score score
Ease of use 20 4 80 3 60 3 60 3 60 3 60
Ease to 4
manufactur 15 3 45 4 60 4 60 4 60 60
e
Saft 4
10 4 40 3 30 4 40 4 40 40
product
Ease to 2
15 3 45 3 45 3 45 3 45 30
control
durability 15 3 45 3 45 3 45 2 30 3 45
Cost 5 2 10 4 20 4 20 4 20 3 15
Score 100 260 270 255 250
265
Rank 2 3 1 4 5
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3.3 Assess the developed product design with respect to ergonomic, aesthetic
and quality:
To assess the design in terms of ergonomics, we can rate various factors based on their
importance. Here's a breakdown of key ergonomic factors and their relative importance:
1. Comfort
- Importance: High
- Reason: Comfort is crucial for preventing strain and ensuring that users can interact with the
design for extended periods without discomfort.
2. Usability
- Importance: High
- Reason: The design should be intuitive and easy to use, minimizing the learning curve and
reducing the likelihood of errors.
3. Accessibility
- Importance: High
- Reason: The design should accommodate users of different abilities and limitations, ensuring
inclusivity.
4. Safety
- Importance: Medium
- Reason: The design should minimize the risk of injury or strain, protecting users from harm.
5. Adjustability
- Importance: Medium
- Reason: Adjustable elements allow for customization to fit individual user needs, enhancing
comfort and usability.
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6. Efficiency
- Importance: Medium
- Reason: An ergonomic design should facilitate efficient use, allowing users to perform tasks
quickly and with minimal effort.
7. Aesthetics
- Importance: Low to Medium
- Reason: While aesthetics are important for user satisfaction, they should not compromise
ergonomic principles.
[Link]
- Importance: Medium
- Reason: The design should be durable to withstand regular use without degrading in ergonomic
quality.
3.4 Prototyping Planning:
Creating a prototype plan involves several key steps to ensure that the prototype effectively
represents the final product or solution.
Here is our image of our prototype:
