n wo points with coordinates as given below. Find: ‘a the distance between A and B b the midpoint of the line segment joining Aand B. 4 (2,1), (4-4) i (2,4,-3), (0,3,-2) 2 Aand B are two points with coordinates as given below. Find a AB b the midpoint of [AB] i (21-13), (3.14) HW (-17,11, 0). 2.8,-12) 3. A tracking station lies at the origin of a coordinate system with the x-axis due east, the y-aais due north and the z-axis vertical with units in kilometers. At a particular time two aircralt have coordinates (20,25, 11) and (26,31, 12) relative to the tracking station. jance the wo apart at this time. b> The radar at the tracking station has a range of 40km. Determine whether it would be able to detect both aircraft at this time, craft are 4. The side of a hill can be regarded as a right angled triangular prism as shown. A path ‘The coordinates he has are A(97.77,-21). B(340,~139,-21). The base of the pyramid forms a square. a Find the area of the base of the pyramid. The surveyor knows from other sources that the height of the pyramid is 138m. =a 3A ® 1 Aand Bai pes in a straight line from the point A to the midpoint of [BC], M, and then to D. Distances are all given in metres, a “00m 8 ‘Take O as the origin of a coordinate system. With [OA] lying along the x-axis and {OE} lying along the y-axis and with the z-axis vertical, a Write down the coordinates of A. B,C and D. Find the coordinates of M. Find the total length of the path from A oD. 5 A surveyor records the coordinates of all the vertices of the base of the Great Pyramid at Giza, Unfortunately he loses two of them so he only has values for A and B at diagonally opposite comers. ‘The origin for the coordinate system is some distance away from the pyramid and is on Jand 21 m higher than the base of the pyramid. b_ Find the volume of the pyramid, ¢ Find the coordinates of the vertex of the pyramid. 4. Find the shortest distance from one of the comers of the base to the vertex of the pyramid, i down: a the equation of the ve through (2.7) the equation of the horizontal line passing through (4, 6) © the point of ne passing. ssection of the two lines. 2 Find the equation of the following lines. a gradient = 3, intercept 5 b gradient =—2, y-intercept 0.4 € gradient = 4.5, passing through (0. 5) gradient = 2, passing through (3, 5) 3. Find the equation of the line passing through the two points given. a (3,5) and (5, -3) b (2,-1) and (3, 4) © (3. 2yand (3,4) 4 A Cartesian grid is superimposed on a map ofa city. The y-axis lies in the direction of North and the x-axis due East. The North~ South boundaries of the city lie along the lines x= 0, x= 22 and the distances are in kilometres. A straight road passes through the city. ‘The road passes through the points with coordinates (6, 8) and (12, ~4) and stays within the city boundaries for 0 $x$ 22 Find the equation of the rood Find the coordinates of the road as it 1 the western boundary of the city the eastern boundary of the city. id the length of the road within the city boundary.Boa 4. Write down the equation of a line with 3. Find the gradient of each of the lines ‘gradient, m, and which passes through the a KB espa each of the following forms: ye ay point-gradient form = eens W_ gradient-intercept form iit general form. 4 The plan of a triangular garden is drawn 1 om a set of coordinate axes in which one 8 m=2,0,9) b m=5.(6.5) unit represents im. Two of the sides of the garden are formed by the x- and y-axes. The third side passes through the points (1, 5) and (3, 2). 2 Find the equations of the lines passing a Find the equation ofthe line which through the points given in includes the third side. bb Write this equation in general form, ‘The owner of the garden. completely in grass. Find the area of turf (grass) he will need to buy. i point-gradient form fi gradient-intercept form iil general form. 2 (2,5) and (5,11) b (0.4) and (2.2) © (2,6) and (3.9) @ (-2,-6) and (1,-8) a ishes to cover it 4 a Find the solutions 10 b Solve + 2x+loy= a43ye1 te : i: Sr+loy=8 3x-2y IH l5y=45 y= 2x41 yo2=3(x-4) axnyes yo2x-92 Two friends, Alison and Bernard are walking along two different roads, The roods ean be represented in the Cartesian plane by the lines with equations -x+410 and y=4x-100. 2 AL2:00pm Alison is on the first road at the point with coordinates (0, 410) and Bernard is at the point with coordinates (50,75), where the units are in meters, Verily that Bemard ison the road with u 100 at 2:00pm. equation y 2 b Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the two roads. At 2:00pm the two friends begin walking at 4kmh- towards the intersection, © i Show that Bernard arrives at the intersection first. ii Find the length of time he needs to wait before Alison arrives 3. Road signs showing the steepnes often given as percentages where the is derived using the following formula vertical height gained or lost horizontal distance covered 100 a A road gains $m while covering 20m horizontally. State the percentage that would be written on the road sign, There isa triangular hill directly outside my house. On the way up the hill from my house I pass a sign indicating the slope is 10%. On the way down the other side of the hill, I pass one indicating the slope is 15%, b State which road is steeper. I decide to take my house to be the origin for a coordinate system and one day I go over the hill to the other side and reach my local shop. My GPS tells me the horizontal distance of the shop from my home is 2.45km and I am at the same level as my hous © Assuming the roads up and down the hill are straight lines and tie in the plane of the coordinate system find i the equation of the road going up from my house {ithe equation of the road going down from the top of the hill to the shop. Find the height of the bill Find the total distance of my journey from my house to the shop. A straight line makes an angle ot with the x-axis where D < a< 90° @ Explain why the gradient of the line is equal to tan a The air traffic control tower at an airport is taken as the origin of a coordinate system. An aircralt begins its descent 7500m from the control tower and from a height of 580m. Let x be the horizontal distance from the control tower and y the height of the aircraft. The angle of descent of the alrcrait to the horizontal ang its path will take rectly above the control tower, ‘The runway begins 700m from the contral tower and in the same direction as the aircratt’s approach, b Find the equation for the line of descent for the aircraft in the form y= mx +c © Find the height of the aircraft as it passes over the control tower. d_ Find the distance of the aircraft from the start of the runway when it lands, Road steepness is often given as a ratio or percentage. What ie ‘your country? What others can you find?Ea ory @® 1 Write down the gradients of the lines which 4 Find the shortest distance from. jcular wo the lines a ya-2e+7 b y-3=4(x-21) © 2x-4y-5=0 d 6xt7y+12=0 2 a Verify that bx—ay=d, is perpendicular toaxt by =dy b_ Hence find the equation of the line perpendicular to x+2y~ 10 = 0 which passes through (2, 5). © Find the equation of the line pemendicular to 3x~ 2y=7 which passes through (6, 9). 3. a Explain why the shortest distance from a point A to a line lies on the line through A, perpendicular to the line, ‘The line / has equation 3x~4y +7 the point A has coordinates (5, ~7) and b Find the equation of the line perpen- lar to J which passes through A. ind the point of intersection of the line found in part band | d Hence find the shortest distance of A from L. a (2,4) to3x+ 5y+8 b (5,-1)wy=3x-2. 5 Let A and B be two lighthouses with coordinates (12, 18) and (17, 16). A ship S is travelling on the line that keeps it an equal distance trom the two lighthouses. Find the position of $ when it is north-east of the lighthouse A. ‘Two towns have coordinates (5, 18) and (17, 24), A rail track is laid along the line with equation y= x+ 10 and a siation is to be built to serve the two towns, Distances are in kilometres a Find the position the station should be built to minimize the total distance between the station and the two towns and state this distance, It is decided that the station will be built so it is an equal distance from both towns. Find the position the station should be built and state the distance between the two towns. Ema In the questions below unless 1d to calculate the equations of the perpendicular bisectors you can construct the lines using a pair of ‘compasses, by eye or by using software. Ry finding the perpendicular bisectors between each of the points, use the incremental algorithm to complete the Voronoi diagrams for the given sites (1.1), 3.1), (23) B (1.1). (5.1). (5.5). 8.5) 2 An internet weather website uses readings taken at three different stations. A visitor to the website will be told the temperature of the sarest (0 their location (nearest neighbour interpolation). The weather stations are at the points with coordinates ALL) BG.) £5) @ Use the incremental algorithm to construct a Voronoi diagram showing the regions that would be assigned to each of the weather stations.AL a particular time a visitor to the website is at point (1, 4) and the readings at the ferent stations are A: 22°C, B: 24°C and 2c. b- Write down the temperature that would be given to the visitor to the sit 3 [Link] that collects meteorological data has many rainfall collection points. In two of their areas (I and Il) in which they had four collection points they decide to add a fifth. ‘The original pointsare shown as A to D in the following diagrams and the new point is, labelled E. a The point E and some of the perpendicular bisectors between E and the other points are shown. For each area find the equation of the missing perpendicular bisector(s), add it to the Giagram, and indicate the new cells. 1 aa = 1 b itis given that on a particular day the rainfall in area Tis recorded as Aj 2Q2mm oR: 3imm 24mm D: 19mm E: 21mm Use nearest neighbour interpolation to give an estimate for the amount of rain thot fell ata point with coordinates (5, 4) 1 belore point E was added W after point E was added. € Itiy given thet on a particular day the rainfall in area Ils recorded as A:omm Be limm — C D: 8mm —E: 12mm. Use nearest neighbour interpolation to give an estimate for the amount of rain that fell ata point with coordinates (4.5, 1) 1 belore point E was added 14mm after point E was added. Ea 36 ® 1 2 Ata fair there are three hamburger A town is divided into a coordinate system with distances measured in kilometres north and east of a fixed origin. Within this town three schools A, Band € are at the points with coordinates A(1, 3), B(6, 4) and CO). It is decided that a new school should be built as close as possible to the point which furthest from all three existing schools, a Explain why this point will be at the intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of {AB}, [BC] and {AC}. b_ Find the equations of the perpend bisectors of {AB] and [BC] © Hence find the coordinates of the point where the new school should be built 4 Determine the distance between the new school and each of the other schools, stands, A, Band C. The fairground is in the shape of a rectangle with dimensions 100m by 50m. The bottom left-hand side of the field can be regarded as the origin of a coordinate system, with the diagonally opposite corner as (100, 50). The hamburger stands are at the points A(20, 30), 1B(80, 30) and C (40, 10) as shown on the diagram below, ye 20 40 20 ¢ i 20 10 |" 10 20 30 40 20 60 70 80 90 100{Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of i Aandc ii Bande. People will always go to the hamburger stand that is closest to them. b_ Draw the Voronoi diagram that represents this Situation, © Find the proportion of the fair ground which people would go t i Stand i Stand a. 4 A fourth hamburger stand is o be added 1 the fairground! at a point as far away as possible from the other three stands. I State the coordinates of the po whieh it should be built, Determine how far it will be from the ‘other hamburger stands 3. Atown can be considered as.a rectangle which runs 10km east to west and 8km north to south. A coordinate grid is placed on a map ff the town with the origin in the south-west corner. There ate four schools in the town, A B, Cand D whose coordinates are: A (2, 5), B B,3), C8, 6), D (8, 1), Children go to the schoo! th home when measured by a An estate agent wishes 10 construct a diagram ‘which easily shows in which school’s catchment area a hovse lies dlosest to thelr st line. 2 Find the perpendicular bisector of [AB] Show the postions oA and B andthe per pendiculr bisector on a diagram ofthe town ‘The perpendicular bisectors of [AC] and [BC] ve ee & Use the incremental algorithm to construct the Voronoy diagram forthe three stool 4 i Find the perpendicular bisectors of IBD} and [CD} and show these on the diagram Explain why theres no necd to calculate the perpeniicular bsectorof [AD Construct the diagram requited by the tate a are y=~6x-+ 35.5 and y © Find the coordinates of the two ver where three edges ect. F Hence find the percentage area of the town ‘covered by school € 192 significant figures, B A fifth school is to be built 25 far a possible from the other schools. Find the coordinates of the point at which it would be built if t was to meet this requirement fh On the diagram already drawn plot ihe filth school at the position found in g and sketch the new Voronoi diagram. There is no need to find equations for the new perpendicular bisector. 4. The map of a rectangular province is shown vith the positions of the bases for the flying doctors shown on a coordinate grid centred at ‘one of the corners in the province (units are in 100s of miles) the town Y 3 sf #£ 5 ° ‘ 2 2 2 1 Treas eerseaw When an emergency oceurs the doctor that is based closest to the location of the emengericy ‘will ly out 10 the scene. ‘Construct a Voronoi diagram for the loursites. A neighbouring province asks ifthe doctor based at point A (2, 6) can also help out in their province. The director replies it would be possible if he is currently covering a smaller area than at Teast two of the other doctors. b_ Find where the perpendicular bisector of AD meets the line y= 4. © Find the area of the cells surrounding ia wR WC WD. d_ Hence siate whether or not the doctor based at A will be able to support the ether province?5 The diagram below shows the Voronoi diagram for the points A(0.2), B(6,2), €(, 5), and DQ.5), ‘The four points represent stations at which ‘environmental readings are taken. The axes are measured in 10 km sections, east and north of a town which is situated at the origin, Hence B is 60km east and 20km north of this town, Each of the towns are connected by straight roads. An environmental officer decides to drive from A to B, B10 C, C 0 Dand back to A. ai Show the total distance drive 166km to the nearest km. ind the proportion of the joumey uring which he is closest to the station at A. ‘The environmental officer receives 3 call from the owner of a home at N, whose coordinates are (4.3.5). The owner is concemed at the level of pollution he is experiencing, due to road congestion caused by construction, The officer decides that he will work out what level of pollution would be expected in this location under normal conditions based on the data he has and will compare it with what the home owner is experiencing. ‘The pollution readings from each of the stations are (based on Air Quality Health Index): A45 B21 C26 D 28 b_ The officer decides to use as an expected value the average pollution recorded at 3 of the stations, {Explain why thisis reasonable and which three stations he should us ii Find the value he will use Readings of the air quality health index at Nare taken over a period of 15 days and are shown below 3.0, 2.8, 2.1, 3.4, 341, 29, 3.0, 3.2, 28, 2.7, 2.6, 3.1, 3.0, 3.2, 2.7 ¢ i Find the median, lower quartile, upper quartile and inter-quartle range for this data. ii Show the data on a box-and-whisker ting the position of any 4. Using the results from parts b and € comment on the house owner’s claim that traffic congestion is causing greater than expected pollution near his home.3 Find Comment on what can be deduced 2) (2 2) 2) (2 about parallel vectors. 2 (6) GHG)#G) —s sine mien ore owing vers are . parallel to 54+ 2j. © Eirias you mor eet . sy i mig @ Zand jan also be writt 20 Zand j can also be written as 5 65 i () eee) OC) i 20) , 6 a Find pand gif CHG) © (hC)-) it(?*"lis paratel o {4 w+ rnp (°!) pote (4 4 Let AB + ete toe secasinconromnt —g rat(23) arate) form and in terms of the vector AB. q+6 I1. The poinis A. B and C have coordi (1.4), (2. 5) and (1, 6) respectively. a Find the vectors i OA WH AB WH AC Ww CAL lates. =o BF Write down an equation that gives BD in terms of BA, ACand CD, Wi Hence write down an equ that gives BD in terms of AB. ACand CD. iii Hence find BD. iv Find the coordinates of D. oe fl) oo. (-1 a+ abe(!Jouize-(2) find | ACand ii CA. 1 XB~(?} ina BE ond AB ~(?) fn 3 The poinis A, B, C and D have cooninates. (1,0), (2,3), (7,3) and (6,2) respecively. a Find the vectors AB and DC b State which type of quadrilateral is formed by ABCD. Justify your answer. € State two other vectors which must be equal. An aircraft flies from an airport at A to one at Band then on to C. The routes taken a (75 ‘an be given by the vectors AB = (3) and (39 ~100} a Find the vector AG, b> The aircralt then flies directly back to A. Write down the vector that describes this © Calculate the disect distance from C10 A. A surveyor is putting flags out in a large field. His movemenis between the flags can be described by the vectors (Si+j\. (-2i-+4i). (i+ 2), (6444). Find his displacement from his starting position when he puts out the last flag b_ Write down the displacement vector that will take him back to his starting= 1. For the resultant of each of the vector sums below, find the 1 mognitude direction (as an angle anti-clockwise from the direction off). OG) b (SF+ 2) + 51-4) i 2 4 = a a4 DH M=—>H, 2 The magnitude of a vector {7 written as 4] u isc ual to i b By first taking out a factor and without using a GDC, find the magnitude of | 18 24 (30) (40. 28 21 ) err ) "Gi E 4 Find the magnitude of each of 3 the following vectors without usinga calculator. 3. A designer needs to construct a line segment of a given length in a given direction. His software requires him to enter the line segment asa single column vector, Find the column vector he needs to input in the following situations, using the fact that a vector which is in the same direction asa vector w can be wrttten as kit, > 0 2 A vector that i in the same direction as “Ja ie mpi b A single vector which is equivalent to the resultant of a vector in the same Gieciionee C tise ty the vector 5 = ana has magnate VF () oitade © Avector which is equivalent to the resultant of a vector in the same ‘ incon a ||) followed bythe vestor y ( 5) and has magnitude J50. ILA and B have position vectors a and band if M is, the midpoint of [AB] show 2 aqel a sindjek b/1 MOM =) (OD 2 Three points P, Qand R have coordinates (1, 3,6), (=1,05) 4 and @. 4,-1). © 3-3 b Find the vectors PQ and A aR. 4 5(2f-3/+6k) 2 Assmall plane travels along the © Hence or otherwise find the or PR. The quadrilateral PQRS isa 3) (2 parallelogram. three veciors| 1 |, 4 and 4 Find the evordinate of S. Ju @. Find the midpoint of the vector PR. Ze £ Find the midpoint of the 4 |in succession. vector OS, 3 g What do the answers State the vector it will have to travel along to return io its starting point for parts e and f tell you about the diagonals of a parallelogram?Gm 4 Calculate the angle between the follo pairs of vectors, 2 3 2 2 a f-tfand}i] > 4 2 1 © 2i+j-kand 3143 d 2i-j- 2k and 31+ 27-5k 2) fa a + (malt) + [ola{e " 1 2, 2 Atriangle has vertices at the points A(L,2. 3), B(0,2,5) and C(l,3,-2). State which two vectors you could use tofind the angle ati A ii B. b Find all the angies of the triangle. © Find the length of the longest side, Exercise 3M 4 a Find the vector product of the following vectors, 2 (a 1} and b=) -1 3 (2. Verify that the veetor product is perpendicular to both a and b. 2 Find the vector products of the following 2) (2) o|ana| > | 1 © 28+ j-Kand 3+ 2) 4 2i-j—2kand 34+ 2f-5k 3. Two sides of a triangle ABC are formed by 2 the vectors AB =| 0| and AC=| 1 a Find the vector forming the third side. > Find the area of the triangle. 4 Atriangle has vertices at the points ACL, 2, 3), B(O, 2, 5) and CAL, 3,2) Find the area of triangle ABC. 3. Find pif the two vectors given are perpendicular. 2 3p p P a |ijand| 2] b |-2/ana] p p, 2 4 - 4 Triangle ABC has vertices A(I. 3.2). B(2.4,-1) and C(2, 3.k) @ Find the possible value of kif the triangle has a right angle at C. b- For these values of & find the CA and CB and hence the aree of the triangles. 5 Find the acute angle between the diagonals of acube, A parallelogram ABCD has vertices at A(L, 2, =3), B(L, 2, 5) and C4, 3, 5). 2 Find the coordinates of D. b Find the area of the parallelogram, © Verily that ABCD is a rectangle. A surveyor is measuring the area of a rectangular root. His instruments give the coordinates of the comers of the roof as. (2,4, 2), (3.1, 3), B,=1, 3) and (4, 2, 2) where the coordinates are in metres from 2 fixed origin. Find the area of the roof. A crystal is in the shape of a square-based pyramid as shown. All the sides are made up of isosceles triangles. The coordinates of the vertex are (I. 3, 2) and the coordinates ‘of vo adjacent vertices on the base are 2,3, -1) and (-1, 3, 1), Find the surface arca of the crystal.1. Find a vector equation of the through the following two poinis a (2,4) and (3,1) b (2, L =I) and (4, 2, 0) 2 a Thepoimt (a, ~2, b) on the line x) ly) fl =|y|=|2|+d8 Jl) Find a and b. b Find the coordinates of the point on the line with x-coordinate equal to 0. 3a Find the value of sand p if the point (2, 5, p-l) lies on the line nf r=lol+i3 2) u b i Verify the point A (1, -3, 8) lies on the 3 1 line =| 1] + ¢] 2 |and state the vale gy ls of tfor this point. The point B is also on the line and has parameter 1= 5. li Write down the vector AB. 4 a Verify that the point (2, 1, 3 } lies on both of the lines 4) (-1 (4) (2 r-|-s|ee| 3 [andr =|2|+s} 1 ijla lo) (3. b Find the acute angle between the two lines, ra[5 2) 2 ‘a Explain why /, and /, are parallel. b Verify that (1, 9, 4) lies on both lines. Explain what this tells you about the two lines. ‘The points A and B have coordinates (1,~5,6) and (5,~3, 11) respectively, 3) (1 ‘The line /, has equation r =| 1 +s} 3 2) \2 Show Allies on 1, b Show AB is perpendicular 10, ay (a The line J, has equation r =| 0 | + ¢) 3 yz a Write down the coordinate: point P which lies on the L parameter f b- The point A has coordinates (1, 2, -2) Find the vector AP. the value of for which the vector AP is perpendicular to /, Find the point on /, that is closest to A. Hence find the shortest distance from A to the line f,41 Apan fector @ at position vector b at time Find f the velodity Hl the speed of the particle if and the following velocities as column vectors taking the base veciors as due east and noth. a 10kmh~! due west b 75kmbt i sheareaion() 4 (-1 © 18kmb- in the direction | -4 ls kmh south-west 15kmb! ona bearing of 040° 12kmb-! on a bearing of 120° 3. A buoy is set as the origin of a coordinate system. At 13.00 a boat is 20 m east and 30m north of a buoy and has position ) vector | 2 30) ‘a Find the distance of the boat from the buoy at 13:00. Th 5 b indie poston ofthe boat seconds ster Da fenced he sowie tandem 4 A particle has pos when t = 0 and is moving with a velocity of 10ms-lin the di the position vectorat time # its position when 1= 4 iis distance from the origin at ¢= 4 the distance travelled in the first four seconds, 5 A particles displacement from an origin O 1) (-1 isgiven by r=|0]+| 3 |r. ala a Find the particles position at 1= 3. 1 Atr= 5 the particle changes is velocity to] 4 id an equation for the pa placement from 0 at time i cued i £, the time from the change of velocity © Find! the displacement lithe distance of the particle from O whet 6 Let fbe the unit vector directed east and J the unit vector directed north and let a harbour H be situated at the origin, AL 10:00 ship A is ar the point with position vector ~5i+ 10j km relative to Hand is travelling with velocity 2i + 2j km/h. Ship Bis at the point 34 + 4j km and has velocity a+ 5pkmih. & Show the two ships would collide if they maintained these velocities. In order to avoid a collision A changes its velocity to (7+ 2kmih, b Find the vector AB at time rhours after 10:00. Find the distances between the two ships when Ais north of B and give the time at which this occurs. 4. Find the shortest distance they are apart and the time at which this occurs.7 A hot air balloon is flying over level ground with a speed of 3.5ms“! in the direction 6 2 | where the first component is due 3 east, the second due north and the third is perpendicular to the ground. @ i Find the velocity of the balloon. li Write down the speed at which itis ascending, ‘The balloon passes over a tracking station at time f= 0 and its position relative to the 0 tracking station at this time is | 0 30 b Find the balloon’s displacement relative 8 minute later. AL this point the balloon begins to descend at 0.6 ms~! while ling on the same bear to the tracl € Write down the displacement of the balloon from the tracking centre at time where £ is the time from the point when the descent begins. 4_ Find the time it takes for the balloon to reach the ground from the moment it begins its descent. @ Find the distance of the balloon from the tracking station when it reaches the ground. A ship, 5, is uavelling south with a speed of 9Okmh-! a Write down its velocity asa column vector in which the two components are due east and north ) tv At 10:00, § has displacement { 2° 15, toa lighthouse, 0. At the same time a speedboat, B, is traveling with velocity ( 12 and its displacement from 0 is () 5 b Find the distance between $ and B at 10:00. © Find the relative position of $ from B hours after 10:00. At the point where Sis south-east of B the boat changes direction while maintaining the same speed. ¢ at which B changes direction and its displacement from O at which this occurs. e Write down the displacement of S from f Find the bearing at which B needs to travel in order to intercept S.Chapter review 1. Relative toa radar station on the ground wo aircraft, A and B have positions (1.2, 8.5, 3.1) and (-0.2, 9.4, 2.6) respectively, where the units of measurement are kilometres Find the distance the aircraft are from each other. b Determine wh farthest from the radar station, 2 a Find the equation of the line passing through the two points (1, 5) and (6, 3) b_ Find the coordinates of the point whet this line meets the line with equatton Sx-2y+5=0. 3 A. Band C have coordinates (2. 4) . (2. 6) and (8, 6) respectively. a Write down the equations for the perpendicular bisectors of [AB] and [BC]. b Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of [BC]. © Construct a Voronoi diagram with A, B and C as the three sites. A further site D with coordi now added to the diagram. lates (4, 3) is d_ Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of [AD]. tis given that the equations of the perpendicular bisectors of [BD] and [CD] are 4x-6y +15 =O and 4x+ 3y-3 = 0. @. Use the incremental algorithm to add site D to your Voronoi diagram, 4. The positions of three hamburger outle in a town can be given ona Cartesian. coordinate system ay A(2, 4) , B(6, 5) and (3, 2) where the units are in kilomettes. a Find the equations of the perpendicular bisectors of [BC] and [AC], ‘A tival firm wishes to set up its own outlet in the town butas far as possible [rom the outlets already in place, b Find the coordinates of the position where the new outlet should be built 10 satisfy this requirement. © Determine its distance from the other three outlets. ‘The displacement of a toy boat at time minutes is given by the equation 6) \-s. measured in metres. @ Write down the position of the boat when ¢= 0 and f= 2. b Find the speed of the boat. ¢ Find an expression for the distance of the boat from the origin at time t. d- Hence find the minimum distance of the boat from the origin and the time at which it occurs. 1) a Leta =|2|andb =| q | ») @ [Link] Dare perpendicular find a relationship beiween p and q. ind the values of pand 9 for which a and b are parallel, ¢ Find the angle between a and b when p=3andq=2 A tetrahedron is resting on a flat surface ‘The coordinates of the vertices are (4.5. 1.5, 0), (2.0, 3.5, 0), (3.5, 3.0, 0) and 25, 2.5, 2.0). Find the volume of the tetrahedron, (3) (-1 The line f, has equation r=] 1|+ 1] 3 2) la 8 The point AC value of 1 , 34, 1) lies on J, find the fa 1 243] p |intersects /, at lw le A and ts perpendicular to /, b_ Find the values of p,q and u. A plane A is flying north-east at 7501 and is climbing at a rate of 2kmh-!, At 15:00 itis directly over a tracking station and is at a height of 8.2km, the line r2 Find an expression for the displacement of the plane irom the tracking station at time r hours after 15:00. AU 15:30 second plane Bis 13.1 km directly above the tracking station flying fon a bearing of 030° at $00 kmh! and descending at a rate of kmh. b_ Find an expression for the displacement of B from the tracking station hours after 15:00. € Find the distance the two planes are apart when they have the same height. Exam-style questions 10 PA: The coordinates of point P are (~3, 8) and the coordinates of point Q are (5, 3). Point M is the midpoint of PQ, a Find the coordinates of M. (2 marks) 1, is the ine through P and Q. b Find the gradient of fy. (2 marks) ‘The lineL, is perpendicular to L, and passes through M. € 1 Witte down the gradient of Ly Wi Find the equation of 1, Give your answer in the form y= mx +c (3 marks) 41 P2:The line, L, has equation y = 3x 5 For the lines given below, state with reasons if they are parallel to 1, fcular to 1. ar neither (6 marks) 1 1 yede as 7 W -or42y+8=0 W y-5= 20 Ww y=—beed 3 vo xt3y9 42 PA: A ski resort is designing two new ski Sifts One lift connects station 8 (at the base of a mountain) and station P at the top of a ski run, The other lift connects, station P with station Q, whieh Is at he top of another ski run ‘The three stations are placed on a three-dimensional coordinate system (measured in metres). The coordinates of each station are B= (0, 0, 0), P= (500, 400, 300), Q= (900, 600, 700). 13 Pts 15 2: A skier wishes to reach the top of the run located at P from the base of the mountain, ‘@ Determine the distance covered by the skier on the ski lilt from the base ofthe mountain to P.——(2marks) In order for a skier to reach the top of the ski run at Q they must take the lift rom the base of the mountain to P, and then takea separate lift from Pg b_ Determine the total distance covered by a skier on the ski lifts from the base of the mountain to @ marks) Awiangle ABC is defined by the r (2 position vectors GA =| 2|, OB =| 3 | and L la 4 o6=|5 Z @ Calculate ABx AC. (3 marks) nd the area of triangle ABC. (2marks) ines L, and L, are given by the equations ‘ yar 4y=9 tyyaJeee ‘The two lines ace perpendicular. Find the value of a (B marks) b_ Hence, determine the coordinates of (ersection point of the lines, (2 marks) ‘The cuboid ABCOFPDE has vertices with coordinates shown in the diagram. the efo.o.s) 0.5.5) 5 ‘6.5.0 80.6) 6 met (0.00) (0.50) ‘ 170) Bs.) 1311 Find the surface area of the cuboid (2 marks) b Find the length of the diagonal BE. (2 marks) Diagonake AD and B point M € 1 Find the coordinates of M, Wind angle ABB, in degrees, using a vector method. You nus show am your working. (7 marks) fersect at the 16 P4: A new airpon, 5, is o be constructed at Ee some point along a straight 1oad, R, such that its distance from a nearby town, T, isaminimum, The town, 7, and the road, & are placed on a plane where town, T has coordinates (80, 140) and the road, B, thas equation y= x ~ 80. All coordinates cen in Kilometres, @ Determine the coordinates of S, the new airpo (émarks) b Find the distance between Tand the new airport. (2 marks) Four mathematicians live on the bottom floor of a circular tower of radius 10 m. They ire equally spaced around it as shown in the diagram below. 5 m from the centre of the b_ Determine if the two flight paths intersect and, if so, state the point of intersection. (6 marks) The two aircraft tok off at the same time, so 4= © State, with a reason, whether the two aircraft actually collide. (2 marks) Each mathematician scatters papers, with equations written on them, on the floor around them but always ensures that his papers are nearer to him than to another mathematician, 2 Copy the above diagram and sketch a Voronoi diagram on it. showing where each mathematician’s papers can be situated, (2 marks) b Calculate the area of the floor that each mathematician uses. (2 marks) Another mathematician joins the group and sits in the centre of the le. Allof the other mathematicians rearrange their papers according 10 the same rule as before. © Make another copy of the original diagram and sketch on it a new Voronoi diagram, to represent the new situation, (4 marks) 4 Find the area of floor that the 5th, mathematician ends up usin} (2 marks) @ Calculate the area of floor that each of the original four mathematicians now uses (marks) £ State how many points on the floor there are that are equidistant from any thr ians. (1-mark) ‘mathemai 48 P2: An aircraft takes off from an airfield. E___ The position of the aircraft at time ¢ hours alter takeolt is given by the vector 0) (50 of +4] 60. yu Distances are measured in kilometres. a Find the position vector of the aircraft 4 hours after takeoff. (7 marks) A second aircratt takes off from different airfield, The position vector Of this aircraft is given by the vector -90) (60) =100 |+ 4] 70 0 1 Calculate the distance berween the two airfields. (2 marks) © Calculate the shortest distance that ever exists between the two aireratt {and the time when this occurs, (5 marks)