Landforms
1) Mountains: A large natural elevation of the earth's surface
rising abruptly from the surrounding level.
Example: Mount Everest
a) Hills: A naturally raised area of land, not as high or
craggy as a mountain.
Example: The higher elevation also allows people to defend
themselves. Ancient Rome, for example, was built on the
city's seven hills so Romans could see their invaders coming
from far away.
2) Valley: A low area of land between hills or mountains,
typically with a river or stream flowing through it.
3) Island: a piece of land surrounded by water formed when
volcano meets water bodies
Famous example: Greenland is the biggest island in the
world.
4) Peninsula: a piece of land almost surrounded by water or
projecting out into a body of water.
Example: a peninsula is the state of Florida
5) Isthmus: a narrow strip of land with sea on either side,
forming a link between two larger areas of land.
Example: Isthmus of Panama
6) Coastal Areas:
a) Coral Reefs: underwater ecosystem characterized by
reef-building corals.
Example: The great barrier reef.
b) Lagoons: a stretch of salt water separated from the sea
by a low sandbank or coral reef.
c) Bays: The areas where the soft rock has eroded away,
next to the headland, are called bays.
7) Plains: a large area of flat land with few trees
Example:
8) Pleatues: A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises
sharply above surrounding area on at least one side
9) Fjord: a long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between high
cliffs, as in Norway and Iceland, typically formed by
submergence of a glaciated valley.
