Copyright 2002 VERITAS Software Corporation. All rights reserved.
. VERITAS, the VERITAS logo, and all other VERITAS product names and slogans are trademarks or registered trademarks of VERITAS Software Corporation. VERITAS and the VERITAS Logo Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm Off. Other product names and/or slogans mentioned herein may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Rob OBrien
Product Marketing Manager VERITAS Software August 15, 2002
Oracle Backup and Recovery Essentials
Every DBA Should Know
Agenda
VERITAS Overview Storage Trends Basic Oracle Backup Methods Advanced Oracle Backup Methods Oracle Backup Strategies Questions and Answers
VERITAS Software
VERITAS Software
Worlds Largest Storage Software Company
$1.5BN Revenues 5700 Employees 36 Countries 54% Five Year CAGR
86% Of Fortune 500 Run VERITAS Software
Desktop to Data Center
NetBackup DataCenter
Enterprise wide Windows, UNIX and NetWare data protection
NetBackup BusinesServer
Scalable data protections for smaller heterogeneous workgroup environments & branch offices
NetBackup Professional
Scalable laptop/workstation data protection
NetBackup Storage Migrator
Automated migration and recall of infrequently accessed data Reduced backup and recovery times
VERITAS: Listed as an Enterprise Backup Leader
Enterprise Backup/Restore Magic Quadrant
The Magic Quadrant is copyrighted December, 2001 by Gartner Group, Inc. and is reused with permission. Gartners permission to print its Magic Quadrant should not be deemed to be an endorsement of any company or product depicted in the quadrant. The Magic Quadrant is Gartners opinion and is an analytical representation of a marketplace at and for a specific time period. It measures vendors against Gartner-defined criteria for a marketplace. The positioning of vendors within a Magic Quadrant is based on the complex interplay of many factors. Well-informed vendor selection decisions should rely on more than a Magic Quadrant. Gartner Research is intended to be one of many information sources and the reader should not rely solely on the Magic Quadrant for decisionmaking. Gartner expressly disclaims all warranties, express or implied of fitness of this research for a particular purpose.
Source: Gartner Research Note: Enterprise Backup/Restore Market: Magic Quadrant, S. Zaffos, C. DiCenzo, R. Paquet, 21 December 2001
Storage Trends
Trends in Data Protection
Annual data growth is 100-400%
Over half of all data resides in databases Not just more datamore files
What backup window?
24 by forever applications Downtime means lost revenue - or worse
Greater emphasis on disaster recovery
Need enforceable offsite procedures
Staffing cant keep up
Need centralized control for consistency Interfaces must be intuitive and foolproof
Requirements for Oracle Backup and Recovery
High Availability of current systems
Need for a high-performance solution that supports hot backups and minimizes backup impact on system
Reliable Results
Since Oracle recovery is complex, backup solution needs to be reliable
Manageability
Need for automation so that backups can take place unattended The ability to prioritize which data is backed up first
Flexibility
The ability to recover a single tablespace or table Performing online recoveries Ability to recover to a point in time
Basic Oracle Backup Methods
Backup Types
Offline (Cold) Backup
Closed database backup Backup control files and datafiles
Online (Hot) Backup
Open database backup Must be in archive log mode Backup control files and datafiles
Logical Backup
Export of subsets of Oracle data
Oracle Backup Methods
Operating System Script Based Backup RMAN Based Oracle Backup Backup and Recovery Wizards Archiving Data for Long-Term Storage
Script Based Oracle Backup
User creates custom made Oracle scripts Can perform cold or hot database backups Disadvantages: Very Manual Process
Complicated scripts must be manually maintained Constantly updating file lists, class definitions Archived logs and control files must be done separately Recovery process is difficult
Crisis-driven, may result in errors
NetBackup for Oracle
Greatly simplifies recovery Leverages RMAN Features Automates Oracle data protection process Supported by Oracle Corporation Uses NetBackup for Media Management and RMAN Script Generation (via Wizard)
NetBackup for Oracle Architecture
Recovery Catalog Oracle 8/8i/9i RMAN SBT API Data NBU for Oracle Agent Oracle Database (Target) Step 1: Oracle Data is passed from RMAN to NetBackup for Oracle
NetBackup
Step 2: Data is passed by the NetBackup for Oracle Agent to NetBackup Step 3: The data is backed up to tape by NetBackup
Tape Media
NetBackup for Oracle Features
Incremental backups
Differential and Cumulative
Corrupt block detection Null block compression Archived redo logs and control files can be automatically included in the backup Tight integration with NetBackup via the NetBackup for Oracle Agent
NetBackup for Oracle Features
Restartable backup and restore (Oracle9i) Backup optimization (Oracle9i)
Ideal for archived redo logs
RMAN determines what is needed during restore and recovery Reports
REPORT and LIST commands help determine what has been backed up and what needs to be backed up Extremely helpful in developing an effective backup strategy
Backup and Recovery Wizards
Backup and Recovery RMAN Wizards
GUI driven, reducing training costs Dramatically simplifies the Oracle backup and recovery process Makes backup and recovery script creation straightforward Available with the following VERITAS Products
NetBackup for Oracle NetBackup for Oracle Advanced BLI Agent NetBackup for Oracle ServerFree Agent
Backup and Recovery Wizards
New Wizards make script creation easy
NetBackup Database Archiver
Features
Uses XML format for Oracle database archiving Provides two utilities for data movement
Export Import
Benefits
Oracle release independent archive Table, row, column and partition level archiving Useful for long-term archival of Oracle data Allows for easy recovery of data even if the original environment is no longer available Increased database performance and reduced online backup times by archiving and deleting historical data
Database Archiver Agent
Advanced Oracle Backup Methods
Advanced Oracle Backup Methods
Why consider advanced methods?
Large terabyte databases High availability databases Reduce the backup window Reduce the recovery time Reduce the impact on the Oracle database server Reduce the impact on the network
Block Level Incremental Backup Frozen Image/Snapshot Backup
NetBackup for Oracle Advanced BLI
Software based snapshot backup
Backup only the data blocks that have changed Uses File System Storage Checkpoints (VERITAS Database Edition for Oracle) No learning curve (utilizes RMAN and RMAN Proxy Copy) Data is processed from the checkpoints, and not the filesystem Minimal Impact on Oracle
Removes the backup workload from Oracle Removes the I/O overhead from Oracle
NetBackup for Oracle Advanced BLI
How it works
Create the snapshot
File system storage checkpoints created Blockmap created Keeps track of the changed File System blocks Storage Checkpoints are kept on disk
Block Level Incremental Backup
Backs up the blocks from the Storage Checkpoint Overhead taken off the file system (file system is only offline for seconds) Using RMAN Proxy Copy, the data is read and written to tape, taking the overhead off of Oracle Block level recovery is quicker and more efficient than traditional methods
NetBackup for Oracle Advanced BLI Agent
Online Snapshot Block-Level Incremental Backup Backup of only changed Oracle blocks from the storage checkpoints reduces elapsed time for backup Oracle database remains online and backup impact is minimal Storage Checkpoints identify changed blocks for backup rather than entire data files Oracle database
Tape Library NetBackup Server Changed Blocks Since Last Backup
Tape Library
Storage Checkpoint: An Example
When a Storage Checkpoint is first taken:
/oradata Storage Checkpoint
No data is copied to the Storage Checkpoint Takes a couple of seconds Presents the pointin-time image of /oradata by finding data from the primary file system, /oradata
A B C D E F G H
Storage Checkpoint: An Example
Storage Checkpoint as /oradata changes
/oradata Storage Checkpoint
A A B C D E F G G H
Copy-on-write mechanism first copies the before-image to the Storage Checkpoint and then updates the data block in the primary file system Mountable and writable Copy-on-write in place until the next Storage Checkpoint created or the Checkpoint is removed
BLI Agent- Customer Impact
300% 250% 200% 150% 100% 50% 0% 6% 11% 20% 26% % Faster
Oracle Database Change
31
Frozen Image Backup
Backup a stable, consistent copy of the data (snapshot) Data movement can be shifted to a SAN device or a separate host
ServerFree Oracle Backup
Three Step Process:
Data Snapshot Logical Disk Object Mapping Data Movement
NetBackup for Oracle ServerFree Agent
Step 1: Data Snapshot
RMAN puts the datafiles into backup mode Create frozen image
Software Based
NetBackup for Oracle ServerFree Agent Hardware Based (Split Mirror) EMC TimeFinder Hitachi ShadowImage HP BusinessCopy
RMAN takes the datafiles out of backup mode
NetBackup for Oracle ServerFree Agent
Step 2: Logical Disk Object Mapping
Blockmap is created Mapping logical (files) to physical (SCSI blocks) Device relative mapping of files -> file system -> volume -> partition -> SCSI-blocks
Step 3: Data Movement
Off host backup
Third-party copy device with Extended SCSI Command NetBackup Media Server
NetBackup ServerFree Agent
LAN
NetBackup Server
NetBackup Client
NetBackup Server
Server Free Backup
SAN
DISK TAPE
Customer Impact Without ServerFree Agent
Standard Oracle RMAN Proxy Copy
Full backup 2 GB database
Ten 2 MB data files 35% full
Not snapped
Customer Impact With ServerFree Agent
Oracle RMAN Proxy Copy
Full backup Same data files hosted on VxVM mirror and third party copy Larger, fuller data files will see better performance Keys: Lowered CPU and disk I/O
Array Integration Option
Extend and leverage a variety of frozen image methods, including 3rd party hardware-based solutions Ability to support off-host backup and server-free backup capabilities Systems remain online with reduced backup impact
LAN NetBackup Server w/ AIO
Disk Array
Automated Tape Library
Oracle Backup Strategies
Oracle Backup Strategies
Cold vs Hot (or mixed?)
Does the database need to be available at all times? Is there a backup window available to do a complete cold database backup? Is there a backup window available to do a complete hot database backup? Is there a subset of frequently updated tablespaces that can be backed up separately? What is an acceptable amount of downtime to do a recovery? Example of a mixed backup strategy:
Cold database backup once a month Hot database backup once a week Selected highly updated tablespaces backed up hot nightly
Oracle Backup Strategies
NetBackup for Oracle Agent/RMAN Based vs. OS Script Based
Do you need to take advantage of the many RMAN specific features (e.g. incremental backups, compression, restartable backup and restore, administrative tools and reports)? Do you want your experienced DBAs spending their time maintaining scripts? Do you want to use the backup method supported by Oracle Corporation?
Oracle Backup Strategies
NetBackup Database Archiver
Are you required by law to archive corporate data for long periods of time?
FDA 7-year requirements Internal and external audits
Does your database contain time dependent data with older data less frequently accessed?
Sales data warehouse Oracle partitions based on financial quarters Solution: Archive old partitions on a quarterly basis
Oracle Backup Strategies
NetBackup Database Archiver
Is database growth negatively impacting application performance?
Too much DBA time spent tuning Oracle Slow end user response times Solution: Archive and delete historical data
Do you want to provide extra protection for certain data that would allow system and database independent recovery?
Oracle Backup Strategies
Advanced Backup Methods
Are you having issues with backup windows that are impacting your Oracle servers?
Enterprise Applications Large Data Warehouses E-Commerce
Do you need to further reduce Oracle recovery time beyond what is possible with the basic backup methods?
Oracle Recovery Strategies
Test backup and recovery strategy Validate backups and restores using RMAN
Backup
Confirms that all database files exist and are in the correct location
Restore
Executes a restore test run without actually restoring the files
Plan responses to failure
Media failures Datafile block corruption Non-Media failures
User errors Instance failure
Conclusion
Some Factors to Consider When Planning Backup and Recovery Strategies
Recovery Time Backup Windows Performance Requirements Availability Requirements Acceptable data loss Risk of user error Database size Amount of data changing Growth plans/Knowledge and turnover of administrators Archiving requirements Oracle versions
QUESTIONS
ANSWERS
Copyright 2002 VERITAS Software Corporation. All rights reserved. VERITAS, the VERITAS logo, and all other VERITAS product names and slogans are trademarks or registered trademarks of VERITAS Software Corporation. VERITAS and the VERITAS Logo Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm Off. Other product names and/or slogans mentioned herein may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
