TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
KABHRE MULTIPLE CAMPUS
BANEPA-6, BUDOL
A
PROJECT REPORT
of
Software Engineering and Project Management (ICT. Ed. 457)
On
Online Grocery Shopping (Sahaj)
SUBMITTED BY
NAME: Karina Timalsina
ROLL NO: 4
SUBMITTED TO
Er. Rabin KC
Instructor, Department of Information Technology (KMC)
Student Declaration
This is to certify that I have completed project entitled “Online grocery Shopping (Sahaj)” under the
guidance of “Mr. Rabin K.C” in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Information
Communication Technology and Education at faculty of Education, Tribhuwan University.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This report has been prepared for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of
Information, Communication, Technology and Education, prescribed by faculty of Education, Tribhuvan
University. This is an individual project assigned to us during our academic study in BICTE 5th semester.
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my friends for their unwavering support and
encouragement during the completion of this project. The invaluable lessons and skills I have acquired
through this project have enriched my learning experience and have prepared me for future challenges.
I would like to express sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Rabin K.C. for providing necessary
guidelines for completion of this report.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude towards Department of IT, Kabhre Multiple Campus and
staffs for addressing queries, providing support and guidance.
Table of Content
Chapter
1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….
1.1 Objectives………………………………………………………………………………
1.2 Project Aims and Scope………………………………………………………………...
1.3 Functionalities………………………………………………………………………….
1.3.1 Admin Module………………………………………………………………….
1.3.2 User Module…………………………………………………………………….
2. Literature Review……………………………………………………………………………….
3. Methodology…………………………………………………………………………………….
4. System Requirement…………………………………………………………………………….
4.1 Functional Requirement……………………………………………………………………...
4.2 Non-Functional Requirement………………………………………………………………...
5. Hardware and Software Specification…………………………………………………………….
6. System Design…………………………………………………………………………………….
6.1 Use case Diagram…………………………………………………………………………….
6.2 Er diagram…………………………………………………………………………………….
7. System Implementation…………………………………………………………………………...
7.1 Module Description……………………………………………………………………………
7.2 Homepage…………………………………………………………………………………….
7.3 login page………………………………………………………………………………………
7.4 Home page…………………………………………………………………………………….
8. System Testing……………………………………………………………………………………...
8.1 Unit Testing……………………………………………………………………………………
9. Gnatt Chart…………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Reference …………………………………………………………………………………………
1. Introduction
E-commerce is fast gaining ground as an accepted and used business paradigm. More and more
businesses houses are implementing web sites providing functionality for performing commercial
transaction over the web.
“Sahaj” is a form of electronic commerce where the buyer is directly online to the seller’s computer
usually via the internet. There is no intermediary service. The sale and purchase are completed
electronically and interactively in real time such as [Link] foe new books. It is time-saving and
efficient. This project delves into the development of Sahaj, examining its objectives, scope, functionalities, and
the underlying technologies that power its operations. It also explores the historical context of online grocery
shopping and provides a detailed methodology for the project's implementation
Sahaj is the virtual store on the internet where customers can browse the catalog and select products of
interest. The selected item is collected in a shopping cart. At checkout time, the items in the shopping
cart will be presented as an order. Usually, the customer will be asked to fill or select a billing address, a
shipping address, a shipping option, and payment information such as debit/credit card number, esewa,
cash on delivery etc. It will minimize all the effort and time of the customer.
1.1Objective
The primary objective of Sahaj is to create a user-friendly and efficient web-based platform for online
grocery shopping. This objective encompasses several key goals, including:
Providing a wide range of grocery products to cater to diverse consumer needs
Ensuring secure and reliable payment processing
Offering timely and convenient delivery options
Creating a seamless and intuitive user experience
By achieving these goals, Sahaj aims to establish itself as a leading platform for online grocery
shopping, enhancing customer satisfaction and streamlining the grocery shopping process.
1.2Project scope/ features
The scope of Sahaj encompasses a wide range of features designed to provide a comprehensive online
grocery shopping experience. These features include:
A user-friendly interface for browsing and selecting products
A comprehensive product catalog with detailed information about each item
Multiple delivery options, including same-day delivery and scheduled deliveries
Order tracking functionality to provide real-time updates on order status
Customer support channels for inquiries and assistance
Sahaj is designed to be scalable and adaptable, allowing for future expansion and the addition of
new features as needed.
1.3 Functionalities
1. Administrator module
Admin can view all the information about the user and edit as well as maintain details
about the items available. Admin have the following functionalities.
- Manage grocery categories
- Add new item in the menu
- Manage items
- Manage user orders
2. Customer Modul
Customer have following functionalities.
- View list of the products.
- Register into website
- Place order
- Track order
2. Literature Review
The online grocery shopping market has witnessed exponential growth in recent years, driven by factors
such as convenience, time-saving, and the increasing adoption of e-commerce. A comprehensive
literature review reveals a plethora of research focusing on the development and evolution of online
grocery systems.
Studies have examined key aspects such as user experience, payment gateways, inventory management,
and delivery logistics. Emerging trends such as mobile-first design, personalized recommendations, and
integration with smart home devices are also being explored. This review provides a foundation for
understanding the existing landscape of online grocery shopping, identifying best practices, and
highlighting potential areas for improvement. It serves as a valuable resource for guiding the design and
development of Sahaj, ensuring its alignment with industry standards and user expectations.
2.1 History of Online Grocery Shopping System
The history of online grocery shopping systems traces back to the late 20th century when e-commerce
began to gain traction. The emergence of the internet in the 1990s provided businesses with new
opportunities to offer products and services digitally, and grocery stores were no exception. The earliest
experiments in online grocery shopping were driven by the convenience factor, as customers could place
orders from their homes without visiting physical stores. Companies like Peapod, founded in 1989, were
pioneers in this field, initially operating through dial-up connections before transitioning to the internet
as technology advanced.
The early 2000s saw the growth of e-commerce giants like Amazon, which diversified into various
sectors, including groceries. Amazon’s launch of Amazon Fresh in 2007 marked a significant step in
integrating online platforms with grocery delivery services. This period also witnessed the rise of other
online grocery platforms and partnerships between traditional grocery chains and delivery services.
Despite these innovations, adoption rates remained relatively slow, largely due to logistical challenges,
limited internet access, and consumer trust issues.
However, the 2010s brought technological advancements, such as improved smartphone penetration,
faster internet speeds, and more efficient supply chain systems, which significantly enhanced the
viability of online grocery shopping. Companies like Instacart and Walmart expanded their online
offerings, focusing on user-friendly apps, same-day delivery, and pick-up services. The rise of mobile
technology also enabled customers to shop on the go, further increasing the appeal of online grocery
platforms.
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 marked a turning point, driving unprecedented demand for online
grocery services. Lockdowns and social distancing measures forced consumers to turn to online
shopping for essential goods, accelerating the growth of the industry. Many grocery retailers quickly
adapted by expanding their online capabilities and implementing contactless delivery systems. The
pandemic solidified online grocery shopping as a mainstream option, with consumers increasingly
valuing its convenience and safety.
Today, online grocery shopping systems continue to evolve, leveraging artificial intelligence, data
analytics, and personalized recommendations to enhance the customer experience. Subscription services,
sustainable packaging, and integration with smart home devices are also shaping the future of the
industry, making it a critical component of modern retail.
3. Methodology
The development of the "Sahaj" online grocery shopping system follows a structured methodology to
ensure the delivery of a high-quality, user-friendly, and efficient platform. The methodology comprises
the following six key steps:
1. Requirement Analysis
The first step involves gathering and analyzing the requirements from stakeholders, including end-users,
grocery store managers, and delivery personnel. This phase focuses on understanding the needs, such as user
account management, product browsing, secure payment gateways, and real-time order tracking. Key
deliverables include a requirements specification document, a feasibility study, and a list of functional and
non-functional requirements to guide the subsequent phases.
2. System Design
In this phase, the architecture of "Sahaj" is outlined, including both high-level and detailed designs. A user-
friendly interface is prioritized, ensuring intuitive navigation for customers. The back-end structure is
designed to support secure database storage, seamless integration of APIs for payments and logistics, and
scalability for future growth. Wireframes and prototypes of the user interface are created to visualize the
system’s functionality. Additionally, the system is designed to support mobile and desktop platforms for
broader accessibility.
3. Implementation
During implementation, the system is developed according to the designs and requirements specified earlier.
Developers work on coding the front-end interface using technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript,
while the back-end is developed using robust frameworks and databases such as Python (Django/Flask) and
MySQL. Integration of essential features, such as inventory management, order processing, and secure
payment gateways, is carried out. The system is implemented in iterative cycles, allowing incremental
functionality to be tested and refined.
4. Testing
Testing is conducted to ensure the system meets quality standards and performs as expected. This includes
functional testing to verify that all features work correctly, usability testing to assess the user experience,
and performance testing to evaluate the system’s response under various loads. Security testing ensures the
protection of sensitive customer data during transactions. Any identified bugs or issues are resolved before
progressing to the next phase. Both automated and manual testing approaches are employed to ensure
thorough coverage.
5. Deployment
Once testing is complete, "Sahaj" is deployed to a live environment. This phase involves configuring the
servers, hosting the application, and ensuring all integrations with external systems (e.g., payment
processors and delivery networks) are operational. A soft launch is conducted initially to gather user
feedback and make any necessary adjustments. Following this, the full-scale launch of the system is carried
out, ensuring that customers can seamlessly access and use the platform.
6. Maintenance
Post-deployment, ongoing maintenance is performed to ensure the system operates smoothly. This includes
monitoring performance, addressing technical issues, and implementing updates to enhance functionality
and security. User feedback is continuously gathered to identify areas for improvement, such as adding new
features or optimizing existing ones. Maintenance also involves updating the system to remain compatible
with new technologies and platforms.
By adhering to this methodology, "Sahaj" ensures a systematic approach to delivering a reliable and user-
centric online grocery shopping system.
4. System Requirement
4.1 Functional Requirements
1.1 Login
The system allows users to create accounts, log in, and log out securely using a username and password. It
provides support for social media or third-party login (e.g., Google, Facebook) is optional.
1.2 Product Catalog
The system displays a categorized and searchable list of products with images, descriptions, and pricing.
Real-time inventory updates ensure product availability status is accurate.
1.3 Cart
Users are able to add, remove, or modify product quantities in their cart. The system displays the total price
and applicable discounts dynamically.
1.4 Checkout
The system guides users through a step-by-step checkout process, including confirming delivery addresses
and reviewing orders.
1.4 Payment
It supports for multiple payment methods such as credit/debit cards, digital wallets, and cash on delivery.
The system ensures secure payment processing and provide immediate confirmation.
1.5 Delivery
Users are be able to select preferred delivery dates and times from available slots. Integration with delivery
services for order fulfillment is required.
1.6 Order Tracking
Users can have real-time access to track the status of their orders, from processing to delivery.
1.7 Return and Refund Procedure
The system provides a simple interface for initiating returns or refunds with predefined eligibility criteria.
Refunds are processed securely and credited within a specified timeline.
4.2 Non-functional requirements
1. Usability
The system provides a user-friendly interface with intuitive navigation, ensuring ease of use for customers of
all age groups. The design adheres to accessibility standards, enabling use by individuals with disabilities.
2. Performance
The system ensures a response time of under 2 seconds for all user actions, even during peak usage periods.
It handles a minimum of 100 concurrent users without performance degradation.
3. Email Confirmation
The system automatically sends order confirmation emails to users within 30 seconds of a successful
purchase. The email includes order details, payment status, and estimated delivery time.
4. Portability
The system is compatible across multiple platforms, including web browsers, Android, and iOS devices. It
maintains consistent functionality and design regardless of the operating system or device.
5. Software and Hardware Specification
5.1 Hardware Interfaces
- Central Processing Unit (CPU):
The system operates efficiently on standard CPUs compatible with typical web servers. It is optimized for
seamless execution of web applications developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP.
- Memory (RAM)
Efficient utilization of RAM for processing and temporary data storage, considering the dynamic nature of w
web interaction.
-Storage
It has adequate storage space for hosting web application files, managing the MySQL database, storing user
data.
-Input/Output Devices
It utilizes standard input devices like keyboard and mouse for user interaction. Also, provides output
presentation through web interfaces, making use of monitor or displays.
-Operating System
It is Compatible with standard web hosting environments, ensuring support for various operating systems
commonly used for web servers such as Linux
5.2 Software Interfaces
1. Development Environment: Utilizes web development technologies, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript
and PHP. It uses VS-code an open-source code editor to develop code and run.
2. Programming Language and Frameworks: Core application development is conducted using HTML,
CSS, JavaScript and PHP. It utilizes web technologies without a specific dependency on framework.
3. Database Management System: MySQL database is employed for the storage and management of user,
order and food-related data.
6. System Design
6.1 Use Case diagram
6.2 Entity relationship model
7. System Implementation
It includes developing a new system from scratch with the help of system design. It includes implementation
of system including database and main application. It includes coding, testing and integrating system to meet
its requirements.
7.1 Module Description
7.1.1 Home Page
The homepage of "Sahaj" serves as a user-friendly gateway to effortless online grocery shopping. Designed
with simplicity and convenience in mind, it features a clean layout with intuitive navigation.
7.1.2 login page
Here, user have to insert their username and password they used previously to sign in so that login into the
Sahaj grocery webpage.
7.1.3 Sign up page
At the navigation bar you are able to find two button signup and login. If users ever need to log in to site,
then good sign-up form design is critical. This is especially true for people on poor connections, on mobile,
in a hurry, or under stress. Help users sign up, log in and manage their account details with a minimum of
fuss.
8. System Testing
System testing is a critical phase in the development of the "Sahaj" online grocery website, ensuring that the
entire system functions as intended. It evaluates the website's end-to-end behavior by testing its features,
such as product browsing, search functionality, shopping cart, payment gateway, and order tracking, in an
integrated environment. The primary goal is to identify any defects and confirm that all components work
together seamlessly to provide a smooth user experience.
8.1 Unit Testing
Unit testing is the process of testing individual components or modules of the "Sahaj" online grocery
website to verify their functionality in isolation. It is a foundational step in ensuring the reliability of the
system, conducted during the development phase by developers. The goal is to validate that each unit of the
code performs as expected, with specific inputs generating the correct outputs.
Search Bar Functionality: Ensures the search bar retrieves the correct products based on input keywords.
Add-to-Cart Feature: Verifies that selected products are added to the shopping cart accurately, with correct
quantity and price updates.
Login System: Confirms that valid user credentials allow access and that invalid ones trigger appropriate
error messages.
Price Calculation: Tests the accuracy of price calculations, including discounts and taxes.
9. Gnatt Chart
Here is a Gantt chart for the "Sahaj" Online Grocery Project, following the Agile methodology. The project
started on August 15th and ended in mid-November, with key tasks such as planning, requirement gathering,
design, development sprints, testing, deployment, and project closure. Each sprint development phase spans
two weeks, with time allocated for testing and bug fixing toward the end of project.
10. References
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Name: PHP6 and MySQL Author Name: SteveSuehring, TimConverse, and Joyce Park
Websites
[Link]
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