CRYPTOGRAPHY &
NETWORK SECURITY
Lab Manual
JNTUK – R20
AUTHOR: RAMYA ASALATHA BUSI
Assoc. Professor, CSE
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
[Link] Program Page no.
1 To Implement and Break Shift Cipher 2
2 To Implement Mono – Alphabetic Cipher 4
3 To Implement One – Time Pad Cipher 6
4 To Implement Message Authentication Codes (MD5) 9
5 To Implement Cryptographic Hash Function (SHA-256) 11
6 To Implement Symmetric Encryption Cipher DES 13
7 To Implement Symmetric Encryption Cipher AES 15
8 To Implement Diffie – Hellman Key Establishment 17
9 To Implement Public – Key Cryptosystems (RSA) 20
10 To Implement Digital Signatures (DSA) 22
VVIT
1
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
1. Aim: Program to break Shift Cipher
Program:
import [Link].*;
class CaesarCipher
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Scanner sc=new Scanner([Link]);
int shift,i,n,p,key;
String str;
String str1="";
[Link]("Enter the Plain Text");
str=[Link]();
str=[Link]();
n=[Link]();
char ch1[]=[Link]();
char ch4;
[Link]("Enter the value by which each letter of the string is to be shifted");
shift=[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]("Encrypted text is:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if([Link](ch1[i]))
{
ch4=(char)(((int)ch1[i]+shift-97)%26+97);
str1=str1+ch4;
}
else if(ch1[i]==' ')
{
str1=str1+ch1[i];
}
}
[Link](str1);
[Link]("Cipher Text:"+str1);
n=[Link]();
char ch2[]=[Link]();
char ch3;
[Link]();
[Link]("Possible Plain text is");
str1="";
for(key=26;key>=1;key--)
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if([Link](ch2[i]))
{
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
ch3=(char)(((int)ch2[i]+key-97)%26+97);
str1=str1+ch3;
}
else if(ch2[i]==' ')
{
str1=str1+ch2[i];
}
}
p=26-key;
[Link]("For Key "+p+":"+str1);
str1="";
}
}
}
Output:
VVIT
3
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
2. Aim: Program to break Mono-alphabetic cipher
Program:
import [Link];
public class MonoalphabeticCipher
{
public static char p[] = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i',
'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v',
'w', 'x', 'y', 'z' };
public static char ch[] = { 'Q', 'W', 'E', 'R', 'T', 'Y', 'U', 'I', 'O',
'P', 'A', 'S', 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'Z', 'X', 'C',
'V', 'B', 'N', 'M' };
static String str;
public static String doEncryption(String s)
{
char c[] = new char[([Link]())];
for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
{
if (p[j] == [Link](i))
{
c[i] = ch[j];
break;
}
}
}
return (new String(c));
}
public static String doDecryption(String s)
{
char p1[] = new char[([Link]())];
for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
{
if (ch[j] == [Link](i))
{
p1[i] = p[j];
break;
}
}
}
return (new String(p1));
}
public static void main(String args[])
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter the message: ");
str=[Link]();
String en = doEncryption([Link]());
[Link]("Encrypted message: " + en);
[Link]("Decrypted message: " + doDecryption(en));
[Link]();
}
}
Output:
VVIT
5
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
3. Aim: Program to implement One-time pad
Program:
import [Link].*;
class msg{
int a=97;
char all[]=new char[27];
msg()
{
for(int i=0;i<26;i++)
{
all[i]=(char)a;
a++;
}
}
int Ipos(char c)
{
int i=0;
for(;i<26;i++)
{
if(all[i]==c)
{
break;
}
}
return i;
}
char Cpos(int c)
{
int i=0;
for(;i<c;i++)
{
}
return all[i];
}
}
class OneTimePadCipherImplementation{
String Encryption(String plaintext,String key)
{
plaintext=[Link]();
msg m1=new msg();
int pt[]=new int[[Link]()];
int k[]=new int[[Link]()];
int ct[]=new int[[Link]()];
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
pt[i]=[Link]([Link](i));
}
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
k[i]=[Link]([Link](i));
}
int j=0;
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
ct[i]=pt[i]+k[j];
j++;
if(j==[Link]())
j=0;
if(ct[i]>26)
ct[i]=ct[i]%26;
}
String cipher="";
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
cipher+=[Link](ct[i]);
}
return cipher;
}
String Decryption(String ciphertext,String key)
{
String plaintext="";
msg m1=new msg();
int pt[]=new int[[Link]()];
int k[]=new int[[Link]()];
int ct[]=new int[[Link]()];
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
ct[i]=[Link]([Link](i));
}
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
k[i]=[Link]([Link](i));
}
int j=0;
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
pt[i]=ct[i]-k[j];
j++;
if(j==[Link]())
j=0;
if(pt[i] < 0)
pt[i]+=26;
}
String cipher="";
for(int i=0;i < [Link]();i++)
{
plaintext+=[Link](pt[i]);
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
}
return plaintext;
}
}
class OneTimePad{
public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
{
String plaintext,key;
Scanner scn=new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter plaintext:");
plaintext=[Link]();
[Link]("Enter key:");
key=[Link]();
OneTimePadCipherImplementation OneTimePad=new
OneTimePadCipherImplementation();
String ciphertext=[Link](plaintext,key);
[Link]("Encrpted text is:"+ciphertext);
[Link]("Decrypted text is:"+[Link](ciphertext,key));
}
}
Output:
VVIT
8
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
4. Aim: Program to implement Message authentication codes (MD5)
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
// Java program to calculate MD5 hash value
public class MD5 {
public static String getMd5(String input)
{
try {
// Static getInstance method is called with hashing MD5
MessageDigest md = [Link]("MD5");
// digest() method is called to calculate message digest
// of an input digest() return array of byte
byte[] messageDigest = [Link]([Link]());
// Convert byte array into signum representation
BigInteger no = new BigInteger(1, messageDigest);
// Convert message digest into hex value
String hashtext = [Link](16);
while ([Link]() < 32) {
hashtext = "0" + hashtext;
}
return hashtext;
}
// For specifying wrong message digest algorithms
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[]) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
{
String s = "VVIT";
[Link]("Your HashCode Generated by MD5 is: " + getMd5(s));
}
}
VVIT
9
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
Output:
VVIT
10
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
5. Aim: Program to implement Cryptographic Hash Function (SHA-256)
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
// Java program to calculate MD5 hash value
public class SHA {
public static String getSHA(String input)
{
try {
// Static getInstance method is called with hashing MD5
MessageDigest hash = [Link]("SHA-256");
// digest() method is called to calculate message digest
// of an input digest() return array of byte
byte[] messageDigest = [Link]([Link]());
// Convert byte array into signum representation
BigInteger no = new BigInteger(1, messageDigest);
// Convert message digest into hex value
String hashtext = [Link](16);
while ([Link]() < 32) {
hashtext = "0" + hashtext;
}
return hashtext;
}
// For specifying wrong message digest algorithms
catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[]) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
{
String s = "VVIT";
[Link]("Your HashCode Generated by SHA is: " + getSHA(s));
}
}
VVIT
11
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
Output:
VVIT
12
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
6. Aim: Program to implement DES Symmetric Encryption
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link].Base64;
class DesEncrypter {
Cipher ecipher;
Cipher dcipher;
DesEncrypter(SecretKey key) throws Exception {
ecipher = [Link]("DES");
dcipher = [Link]("DES");
[Link](Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
[Link](Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
}
public String encrypt(String str) throws Exception {
// Encode the string into bytes using utf-8
byte[] utf8 = [Link]("UTF8");
// Encrypt
byte[] enc = [Link](utf8);
// Encode bytes to base64 to get a string
//return new [Link].BASE64Encoder().encode(enc);
return [Link]().encodeToString(enc);
}
public String decrypt(String str) throws Exception {
// Decode base64 to get bytes
//byte[] dec = new [Link].BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(str);
byte[] dec = [Link]().decode(str);
byte[] utf8 = [Link](dec);
// Decode using utf-8
return new String(utf8, "UTF8");
}
}
public class DES {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
SecretKey key = [Link]("DES").generateKey();
DesEncrypter encrypter = new DesEncrypter(key);
String encrypted = [Link]("Don't tell anybody!");
[Link](encrypted);
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
String decrypted = [Link](encrypted);
[Link](decrypted);
}
}
Output:
VVIT
14
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
7. Aim: Program to implement AES Symmetric Encryption
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link].Base64;
class AesEncrypter {
Cipher ecipher;
Cipher dcipher;
AesEncrypter(SecretKey key) throws Exception {
ecipher = [Link]("AES");
dcipher = [Link]("AES");
[Link](Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
[Link](Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
}
public String encrypt(String str) throws Exception {
// Encode the string into bytes using utf-8
byte[] utf8 = [Link]("UTF8");
// Encrypt
byte[] enc = [Link](utf8);
// Encode bytes to base64 to get a string
//return new [Link].BASE64Encoder().encode(enc);
return [Link]().encodeToString(enc);
}
public String decrypt(String str) throws Exception {
// Decode base64 to get bytes
//byte[] dec = new [Link].BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(str);
byte[] dec = [Link]().decode(str);
byte[] utf8 = [Link](dec);
// Decode using utf-8
return new String(utf8, "UTF8");
}
}
public class AES {
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
SecretKey key = [Link]("AES").generateKey();
AesEncrypter encrypter = new AesEncrypter(key);
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
String encrypted = [Link]("Don't tell anybody!");
[Link](encrypted);
String decrypted = [Link](encrypted);
[Link](decrypted);
}
}
Output:
VVIT
16
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
8. Aim: Program to implement Diffie – Hellman Key Establishment
Program:
[Link]
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class DHServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
try {
int port = 8088;
// Server Key
int b = 3;
// Client p, g, and key
double clientP, clientG, clientA, B, Bdash;
String Bstr;
// Established the Connection
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
[Link]("Waiting for client on port " + [Link]() +
"...");
Socket server = [Link]();
[Link]("Just connected to " + [Link]());
// Server's Private Key
[Link]("From Server : Private Key = " + b);
// Accepts the data from client
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream([Link]());
clientP = [Link]([Link]()); // to accept p
[Link]("From Client : P = " + clientP);
clientG = [Link]([Link]()); // to accept g
[Link]("From Client : G = " + clientG);
clientA = [Link]([Link]()); // to accept A
[Link]("From Client : Public Key = " + clientA);
B = (([Link](clientG, b)) % clientP); // calculation of B
Bstr = [Link](B);
// Sends data to client
// Value of B
OutputStream outToclient = [Link]();
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(outToclient);
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
[Link](Bstr); // Sending B
Bdash = (([Link](clientA, b)) % clientP); // calculation of Bdash
[Link]("Secret Key to perform Symmetric Encryption = "
+ Bdash);
[Link]();
}
catch (SocketTimeoutException s) {
[Link]("Socket timed out!");
}
catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
[Link]
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class DHClient {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try {
String pstr, gstr, Astr;
String serverName = "localhost";
int port = 8088;
// Declare p, g, and Key of client
int p = 23;
int g = 9;
int a = 4;
double Adash, serverB;
// Established the connection
[Link]("Connecting to " + serverName
+ " on port " + port);
Socket client = new Socket(serverName, port);
[Link]("Just connected to "
+ [Link]());
// Sends the data to client
OutputStream outToServer = [Link]();
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(outToServer);
pstr = [Link](p);
[Link](pstr); // Sending p
gstr = [Link](g);
[Link](gstr); // Sending g
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
double A = (([Link](g, a)) % p); // calculation of A
Astr = [Link](A);
[Link](Astr); // Sending A
// Client's Private Key
[Link]("From Client : Private Key = " + a);
// Accepts the data
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream([Link]());
serverB = [Link]([Link]());
[Link]("From Server : Public Key = " + serverB);
Adash = (([Link](serverB, a)) % p); // calculation of Adash
[Link]("Secret Key to perform Symmetric Encryption = "
+ Adash);
[Link]();
}
catch (Exception e) {
[Link]();
}
}
}
Output:
VVIT
19
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
9. Aim: Program to implement Public Key Cryptosystems (RSA)
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
public class RSADemo {
private final static BigInteger one = new BigInteger("1");
private final static SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
private BigInteger privateKey;
private BigInteger publicKey;
private BigInteger modulus;
// generate an N-bit (roughly) public and private key
RSADemo(int N) {
BigInteger p = [Link](N/2, random);
BigInteger q = [Link](N/2, random);
BigInteger phi = ([Link](one)).multiply([Link](one));
[Link]("prime p = " + p);
[Link]("prime q = " + q);
modulus = [Link](q);
[Link]("phi = " + phi);
publicKey = new BigInteger("65537"); // common value in practice = 2^16 + 1
privateKey = [Link](phi);
}
BigInteger encrypt(BigInteger message) {
return [Link](publicKey, modulus);
}
BigInteger decrypt(BigInteger encrypted) {
return [Link](privateKey, modulus);
}
public String toString() {
String s = "";
s += "public = " + publicKey + "\n";
s += "private = " + privateKey + "\n";
s += "modulus = " + modulus;
return s;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int N = [Link](args[0]);
RSADemo key = new RSADemo(N);
[Link](key);
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[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
// create random message, encrypt and decrypt
BigInteger message = new BigInteger("8");
//// create message by converting string to integer
// String s = "test";
// byte[] bytes = [Link]();
// BigInteger message = new BigInteger(bytes);
BigInteger encrypt = [Link](message);
BigInteger decrypt = [Link](encrypt);
[Link]("message = " + message);
[Link]("encrypted = " + encrypt);
[Link]("decrypted = " + decrypt);
}
}
Output:
VVIT
21
[Link] Cryptography and Network Security Lab
10. Aim: Program to Implement Digital Signatures (DSS)
Program:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link].*;
public class CreatingDigitalSignature {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
//Accepting text from user
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
[Link]("Enter some text");
String msg = [Link]();
//Creating KeyPair generator object
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = [Link]("DSA");
//Initializing the key pair generator
[Link](2048);
//Generate the pair of keys
KeyPair pair = [Link]();
//Getting the private key from the key pair
PrivateKey privKey = [Link]();
PublicKey pubKey = [Link]();
[Link](privKey);
[Link](pubKey);
//Creating a Signature object
Signature sign = [Link]("SHA256withDSA");
//Initialize the signature
[Link](privKey);
byte[] bytes = "msg".getBytes();
//Adding data to the signature
[Link](bytes);
//Calculating the signature
byte[] signature = [Link]();
//Printing Signature to console
for(int i=0;i<[Link];i++)
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[Link](" "+signature[i]);
[Link]();
//Initializing the signature verification
[Link]([Link]());
[Link](bytes);
//Verifying the signature
boolean bool = [Link](signature);
if(bool) {
[Link]("Signature verified");
} else {
[Link]("Signature failed");
}
}
}
Output:
VVIT
23
