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Reactor Heat Loss Analysis and Solutions

The document outlines a problem involving heat transfer through a reactor wall made of fire bricks and insulation, calculating the optimal thickness for minimum heat loss and assessing the impact of adding insulation. It also describes a household oven's heat loss calculation, using dimensions and thermal conductivity to determine the total power input required. The final power input for the oven is calculated to be 2.411 kW.

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nadeemaleethaheem
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446 views9 pages

Reactor Heat Loss Analysis and Solutions

The document outlines a problem involving heat transfer through a reactor wall made of fire bricks and insulation, calculating the optimal thickness for minimum heat loss and assessing the impact of adding insulation. It also describes a household oven's heat loss calculation, using dimensions and thermal conductivity to determine the total power input required. The final power input for the oven is calculated to be 2.411 kW.

Uploaded by

nadeemaleethaheem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Problem

A reactor wall 320mm thick is made


up of an inner layer of fire bricks T1=1325oC T2= 1200 T3=25oC
(k=0.84W/moC) covered with a layer
of insulation (k=0.16W/moC).The
reactor operated at a temperature of
1325oC and outside ambient
temperature is 25oC. Determine: kb ki
(a)Thickness of fire bricks and
insulation which gives minimum
heat loss.
(b)The material has max. x1 x2
Temperature of 1200oC. If the
calculated loss is not acceptable
then state whether addition of 0.32m
another layer of insulation would
provide satisfactory solution.
As we know that heat transfer,

Q T
=
A R1 + R2
Q (1325 − 25)
=
A x1 
+ 2 x
0.84 0.16
Q 1300
=
A 1.19 x1 + 6.25x 2
Q 1300
=  x2 = 0.32 − x1
A 1.19x1 + 6.25(0.32 − x1 )

Q 1300
= → (1)
A 2 − 5.059x1
Similarly, for 1st layer
Q (T1 − T2 ) (1325 − 1200 )
= =
A R1 x1
0.84
Q 125
=
A x1
0.84
Q 125
= → ( 2)
A 1.19 x1
Comparing equation (1) and (2)
1300 125
=
2 − 5.059x1 1.19x1
x1 = 0.1147 m
x2 = 0.32 − x1 = 0.32 − 0.1147

x2 = 0.205m
Now, substitute the value of x1 in equation (2)

Q 125
=
A 1.19  0.205
Q
= 916W / m 2
A
Discussion: If another layer of insulating material is added, the heat loss from
the wall reduce, consequently the temperature drop across the fire brick lining
will drop and interface temperature T2 will rise. As the interface temperature is
already fixed, therefore, a satisfactory solution will not be available by adding
another layer of insulation.
Problem
A house hold oven is moulded to a hollow rectangular box
having dimensions of 46x61x76cm and outside dimensions
are 51x66x81cm. If the heat loss through corners and edges
are ignored. The wall temperature is 204oC and outside is
[Link] wall material used is asbestos of thermal
conductivity k= 0.166 W/moC. Assume steady state
unidirectional flow. Estimate the power input.

C B
66

81

51
Data

T1 = 204 0 C
T2 = 38 0 C
x1 = 51 − 46 = 5cm
5
x1 = = 2.5cm
2
x1 = 0.025m
x1 = x 2 = x3 = 0.025m
Area of wall (A)
AA = 46  76 = 3496 cm 2
AA = 0.3496 m 2
Area of wall (B)
AB = 61  76
AB = 0.4636 m 2
Area of wall (C)
AC = 61  46
AC = 0.2806 m 2
According to Fourier’s law of heat conduction

 T
Q=
R
 T
Q=
x
kA
For two walls (A = 2 x AA )

Q A = [
(204 − 38 ) ] 2
0.025
0.166  0.3496
 = 771Watt
Q A

Heat conduction for two walls of (B) = 2 x AB )

Q B = [
(204 − 38 ) ] 2
0.025
0.166  0.4636
 = 1022Watt
QB
Heat conduction for two walls of (C) = 2 x AC )

Q C = [
(204 − 38 ) ] 2
0.025
0.166  0.2806
Q c = 618Watt
Therefore, total power input will be

Q T = Q A + Q B + Q c
Q T = 771 + 1022 + 618

Q T = 2411watt
Q T = 2.411Kw

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