Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
Assignment No: 5 R C O T Dated
(2) (4) (2) (2) Sign
Title: - Comparators
Objective: - 1 bit, 2 bit Comparator.
Problem Statement: To verify truth table of 1 bit and 2 bit comparator using logic
gate and comparator IC.
Hardware & Software Requirement’s :
Digital Trainer Kit, Comparator IC-7485, patch cords, +5V power supply.
Theory:
Another common and very useful combinational logic circuit is that of the Digital
Comparator circuit. Digital or Binary Comparators are made up from standard AND, NOR
and NOT gates that compare the digital signals present at their input terminals and produce
an output depending upon the condition of those inputs.
For example, along with being able to add and subtract binary numbers we need to be able to
compare them and determine whether the value of input A is greater than, smaller than or
equal to the value at input B etc. The digital comparator accomplishes this using several logic
gates that operate on the principles of Boolean algebra. There are two main types of Digital
Comparator available and these are
1. Identity Comparator – an Identity Comparator is a digital comparator that has only
one output terminal for when A = B either “HIGH” A = B = 1 or “LOW” A = B = 0
2. Magnitude Comparator – a Magnitude Comparator is a digital comparator which
has three output terminals, one each for equality, A = B greater than, A > B and less
than A < B.
The purpose of a Digital Comparator is to compare a set of variables or unknown numbers,
for example A (A1, A2, A3… An, etc) against that of a constant or unknown value such as B
(B1, B2, B3… Bn, etc) and produce an output condition or flag depending upon the result of
the comparison. For example, a magnitude comparator of two 1-bits, (A and B) inputs would
produce the following three output conditions when compared to each other. Which
means: A is greater than B, A is equal to B, and A is less than B
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S.N.J.B.’s College of Engineering, Chandwad
Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
This is useful if we want to compare two variables and want to produce an output when any
of the above three conditions are achieved. For example, produce an output from a counter
when a certain count number is reached. Consider the simple 1-bit comparator below
1. 1-bit comparator
Truth Table:-
Inputs Outputs
B A A>B A=B A<B
0 0 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 1
1 1 0 1 0
K-Map
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S.N.J.B.’s College of Engineering, Chandwad
Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
Logic Diagram of 1 bit Comparator
2 Bit Comparator:-
Truth Table:-
K-map :-
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S.N.J.B.’s College of Engineering, Chandwad
Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
1. For A>B:
2. For A=B
3. For A<B :-
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S.N.J.B.’s College of Engineering, Chandwad
Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
Circuit Diagram:-
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S.N.J.B.’s College of Engineering, Chandwad
Digital Electronics Lab (Pattern 2015)
For n bit Comparator :-
Digital comparators actually use Exclusive-NOR gates within their design for comparing
their respective pairs of bits. When we are comparing two binary or BCD values or variables
against each other, we are comparing the “magnitude” of these values, a logic “0” against a
logic “1” which is where the term Magnitude Comparator comes from.
As well as comparing individual bits, we can design larger bit comparators by cascading
together n of these and produce a n-bit comparator just as we did for the n-bit adder in the
previous tutorial. Multi-bit comparators can be constructed to compare whole binary or BCD
words to produce an output if one word is larger, equal to or less than the other.
Outcome:
Up and down counters are successfully implemented, the comparators are studied
& o/p are checked. The truth table is verified.
Assignments Questions:
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