BCA-202 C Programming
Solved Questions - May 2024 & June 2022
MAY 2024 - Section A
1. What are header files and their uses?
Header files contain declarations of functions, macros, and variables to be shared across
multiple source files. Examples include #include <stdio.h> for input/output, #include
<stdlib.h> for general utilities, etc.
2. What is the difference between macro and function?
A macro is a preprocessor directive that defines constants or code fragments. It is
expanded before compilation. A function is a block of code executed at runtime. Macros
are faster but less safe; functions are safer and type-checked.
MAY 2024 - Section B
6. C program to read 20 integers and sort in ascending order:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[20], i, j, temp;
printf("Enter 20 integers: ");
for(i = 0; i < 20; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
for(i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
for(j = i + 1; j < 20; j++) {
if(arr[i] > arr[j]) {
temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
printf("Sorted array: ");
for(i = 0; i < 20; i++)
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
return 0;
7. C program to check palindrome without string library:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char str[100];
int i, len = 0, flag = 1;
printf("Enter a string: ");
scanf("%s", str);
while(str[len] != '\0') len++;
for(i = 0; i < len/2; i++) {
if(str[i] != str[len-i-1]) {
flag = 0;
break;
if(flag) printf("Palindrome\n");
else printf("Not Palindrome\n");
return 0;
8. Add two complex numbers using function:
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct {
float real, imag;
} Complex;
Complex add(Complex a, Complex b) {
Complex result;
[Link] = [Link] + [Link];
[Link] = [Link] + [Link];
return result;
int main() {
Complex x = {2.5, 3.5}, y = {1.5, 2.5}, z;
z = add(x, y);
printf("Sum = %.1f + %.1fi\n", [Link], [Link]);
return 0;
MAY 2024 - Section C
11. Program to count number of words and characters in a file:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main() {
FILE *fp;
char ch;
int words = 0, chars = 0, inWord = 0;
fp = fopen("[Link]", "r");
if(fp == NULL) {
printf("File not found!\n");
return 1;
while((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
chars++;
if(isspace(ch)) inWord = 0;
else if(!inWord) {
words++;
inWord = 1;
fclose(fp);
printf("Words: %d, Characters: %d\n", words, chars);
return 0;
12. Program for multiplication of 4x4 matrices:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a[4][4], b[4][4], c[4][4] = {0};
printf("Enter first 4x4 matrix:\n");
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
printf("Enter second 4x4 matrix:\n");
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
c[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
printf("Result matrix:\n");
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
printf("%d ", c[i][j]);
printf("\n");
return 0;
13. Structure for books and most expensive book:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct {
char title[50];
char author[50];
float price;
} Book;
int main() {
Book b[3];
int i, maxIndex = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
printf("Enter title, author, and price of book %d:\n", i+1);
scanf("%s %s %f", b[i].title, b[i].author, &b[i].price);
for(i = 1; i < 3; i++)
if(b[i].price > b[maxIndex].price)
maxIndex = i;
printf("Most expensive book: %s by %s - Rs %.2f\n", b[maxIndex].title, b[maxIndex].author,
b[maxIndex].price);
return 0;
JUNE 2022 - Key Questions & Answers
1. Need for array variables: Arrays help store multiple values of the same type using a
single variable name, ideal for processing lists, matrices, etc.
2. Difference between automatic and static variables: Automatic variables are local and
created at function entry, destroyed on exit. Static variables retain their value across
function calls.
3. Array of structures: A way to store multiple records, e.g., students with roll, name,
marks. Enables batch processing.
4. Pointers - definition and uses: A pointer holds memory address of a variable. Used in
dynamic memory, arrays, functions, etc.
5. Function getc(): Reads a single character from a file. Advantage: allows low-level
character I/O, limitation: buffered and slower than direct memory I/O.
6. Structure and difference from union: Structure can hold different data types, all at once.
Union can store one member at a time using shared memory.
7. Logical bitwise operators:
• & (AND), | (OR), ^ (XOR). Useful in masks, toggling bits, flags, compression.
8. Difference between array name and pointer: Array name gives base address, pointer is
variable storing address. Pointer can be reassigned, array name cannot.
9. Function as argument to another function: Possible via function pointers.
10. Program to print ASCII table using string and format:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
for(int i = 0; i < 128; i++)
printf("%d: %c\n", i, i);
return 0;
11. Explain (a) Struct keyword (b) Typedef keyword
• struct declares structures; typedef defines aliases for data types.
12. Function to insert value in ordered array:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, x, i, pos;
printf("Enter number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter sorted array: ");
for(i = 0; i < n; i++) scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
printf("Enter value to insert: ");
scanf("%d", &x);
for(pos = 0; pos < n && arr[pos] < x; pos++);
for(i = n; i > pos; i--) arr[i] = arr[i-1];
arr[pos] = x; n++;
printf("Updated array: ");
for(i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]);
return 0;
13. Bitwise operators & sorting program using array:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a[10], i, j, temp;
printf("Enter 10 numbers: ");
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) scanf("%d", &a[i]);
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
for(j = i+1; j < 10; j++) {
if(a[i] > a[j]) {
temp = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = temp;
printf("Sorted: ");
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) printf("%d ", a[i]);
return 0;
END OF SOLUTIONS
