Enrolment No.
/Seat No_______________
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
BE - SEMESTER–IV (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2024
Subject Code:3140507 Date:08-07-2024
Subject Name: Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics II
Tim[Link] AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
5. Notation used have their conventional meanings.
Q.1 (a) Write down Raoult’s Law and Henry’s Law and explain each term associated with 03
them with their applicability.
(b) Consider a system in which following reactions occur: 04
CH4(g) + H2 O(g) → CO(g) + 3H2(g) and
CH4(g) + 2H2 O(g) → CO2(g) + 4H2(g)
If there are 2 moles of CH4 and 3 moles of H2O present initially then derive the
expressions for the mole fractions of the components in terms of extent of the
reactions.
(c) Derive Margules equations for determination of activity coefficients of a binary 07
system from the expression:
𝐺𝐸
= 𝐴21 𝑥1 + 𝐴12 𝑥2
𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑅𝑇
Q.2 (a) Discuss the Gamma/Phi formulation for vapor-liquid equilibrium. 03
(b) Estimate the fugacity of iso-butane at 15 atm and 87⁰C using the compressibility 04
𝐵𝑃
factor correlation 𝑍 = 1 + (𝑅𝑇 ); given that the second virial coefficient B = -4.28 x
10-4 m3/mol.
(c) The vapour pressures of acetone (1) and acetonitrile (2) can be evaluated by the 07
Antoine equations:
2940.46 2945.47
𝑙𝑛𝑃1𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 14.5463 − T− 35.93 and 𝑙𝑛𝑃2𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 14.2724 − T− 49.15
where T in K and 𝑃𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑡 in kPa. Assuming that the solution formed is ideal, calculate:
i) P and y1 at 327 K and x1 = 0.4
ii) P and x1 at 327 K and y1 = 0.4
iii) x1 and y1 at 327 K and 65 kPa
OR
(c) Derive from the first principles, ∆𝐺 0 = −𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛𝐾 07
Q.3 (a) Explain modified Raoult’s law with all its terms. 03
(b) Discuss about liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE). 04
(c) Explain the minimum boiling and maximum boiling azeotropes with suitable 07
examples.
OR
Q.3 (a) Define and explain K-value and its importance in vapour-liquid equilibrium 03
calculations.
(b) Describe the phenomena of retrograde condensation. 04
1
(c) Derive the expression used to estimate fraction of initial mixture that is vaporized at 07
equilibrium using flash vaporization calculation.
Q.4 (a) Discuss about partial molar properties. 03
(b) Explain that if Henry’s law is obeyed by component 1 in a binary solution over 04
certain concentration range, Lewis-Randall rule will be obeyed by component 2 over
the same concentration range.
(c) Derive the Gibbs – Duhem equation for a binary solution in terms of activity and 07
activity coefficient.
OR
Q.4 (a) Discuss Wilson equations with their merits and demerits. 03
(b) Discuss the area test for checking the thermodynamic consistency of experimental 04
vapour-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data.
(c) Discuss the effect of temperature and pressure on chemical potential. 07
Q.5 (a) Discuss the concept of group contribution methods to determine activity coefficients. 03
(b) A 30 mol% methanol-water solution is to be prepared. How many cubic meters of 04
pure methanol (molar volume 40.727 x 10-6 m3 /mol) and pure water (molar volume
18.068 x 10-6 m3 /mol) are to be mixed to prepare 2 m3 of the desired solution? The
partial molar volumes of methanol and water in 30% solution are 38.632 x 10-6
m3/mol and 17.765 x 10-6 m3/mol respectively.
(c) Explain the effect of temperature and pressure on equilibrium constant. 07
OR
Q.5 (a) Discuss the feasibility of chemical reactions. 03
(b) Consider a vessel which initially contains only no moles of water vapor. If 04
1
decomposition occurs according to the reaction: H2 O → H2 + 2 O2
Derive the expressions which relate the number of moles and mole fraction of each
chemical species to the reaction co-ordinate and fractional decomposition of water
vapor.
(c) The ammonia synthesis reaction written as: 07
1 3
N2(g) + H2 → NH3(g)
2 2 (g)
with 0.5 mol nitrogen and 1.5 mol hydrogen as the initial amounts of reactants and
with the assumption that the equilibrium mixture is an ideal gas, derive the following
expression:
𝜀𝑒 = 1 − (1 + 1.299𝐾𝑃)−0.5
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