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Psychoanalysis of Walter White

The document analyzes Walter White, the protagonist of Breaking Bad, through psychoanalytic theories by Freud and Horney. It discusses his transformation from a high school chemistry teacher to a drug lord, examining his demographics, personal history, and presenting psychological issues. The analysis highlights the interplay of internal conflicts and societal pressures that shape his behavior and moral decline.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
183 views6 pages

Psychoanalysis of Walter White

The document analyzes Walter White, the protagonist of Breaking Bad, through psychoanalytic theories by Freud and Horney. It discusses his transformation from a high school chemistry teacher to a drug lord, examining his demographics, personal history, and presenting psychological issues. The analysis highlights the interplay of internal conflicts and societal pressures that shape his behavior and moral decline.

Uploaded by

Bold Researcher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

Walter White (Breaking Bad)

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation

Course Name and Code

Professor’s Name

Submission Date
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Walter White (Breaking Bad)

Introduction

This case transforms Walter White, a main character from the highly praised television

series Breaking Bad, into a case study. The protagonist, Walter White, a simple high school

chemistry teacher who gradually evolves into a callous drug lord, is best suited for

psychoanalysis in the show's context. This analysis will cover his demographics, personal

history, presenting problems, and insights from two psychodynamic theorists: Sigmund Freud

and Karen Horney are two psychoanalytical theories.

Demographics of the Character

Walter White is a middle-aged white male from Albuquerque, New Mexico. He is a high

school chemistry teacher whose life changes for the worse upon revealing that he has terminal

lung cancer and decides to manufacture and sell meth. His socioeconomic status changes from

the middle to the wealthy class at the law's and other citizens' expense. He is wed to Skyler

White and is father to two youthful offspring.

Personal History

His early years and preteen years are not thoroughly described in the series, but it is noted

that Walter was a child prodigy. However, more of his professional life could have been more

productive than earlier promises and dreams in his research, and he became a high school

chemistry teacher (Boag, 2014). These experiences in his profession might have caused

frustration and inadequate feelings later in his life due to unfulfilled capabilities. The excellent

life experience represents his cancer and the advancement to the drug business to change his

family’s future.

Presenting Problem
3

Walter also engages in immoral behaviors, such as criminal conduct, deceitfulness,

violence, and a diminishing sense of right and wrong. His behavior starts from being scared and

desperate to being overbearing and almost thinking he is immortal (Echart & García, 2013).

These behaviors would most probably take him to therapy because of the havoc they would

cause to his relational life and infringe on societal expectations. His thinking and behavior lead

to suffering for himself and others, as well as social dysfunction and crime.

Theory Analysis I

Using Freud’s psychoanalysis, we can infer that Walter’s actions were the result of the

interplay between the id, ego, and superego and were symptoms of his repressed unconscious

conflicts (Tarzian et al., 2023). Accordingly, Freud might suggest that while Walter’s ego is

reasonable and kind, his id is the source of the orgiastic, aggressive actions and criminal

intentions (Parkhomenko & Kononov, 2019). His superego, which at first tries to reason with

these urges within the constraints of the natural world, is gradually obscured by the id as he

rationalizes his actions for the sake of his family (Lapsley & Stey, 2012). His superego of the

moral rules of society shifts to the overly formulated justifications and the perceived need for his

deeds. His unpredictable and sometimes aggressive actions result from this inner conflict.

Theory Analysis II

In contrast, Karen Horney's perspective emphasizes the impact of interpersonal

relationships and societal pressures on personality development. Horney would argue that

Walter's issues stem from feelings of helplessness and insecurity, exacerbated by his perceived

failures in life. His descent into the drug trade can be viewed as a response to these feelings, as

he seeks to assert control over his life and gain admiration from others.

Comparison of Theorists
4

Freud and Horney are concerned about early experience of behavior alteration. Both of

them understand that unconscious conflicts typical for children can contribute to the appearance

of psychopathological symptoms in adult people. According to Freud, these conflicts

occasionally focus on psychosexual stages and relations between id, ego, and superego. He

would illustrate that Walter White's inherent vices and criminal propensities are proverbial acts

born out of repressed frustrations and conflicts within the man due to his lack of ability to

integrate his id with the superego. For instance, Horney also postulates that early childhood

experiences are very influential in determining one’s ultimate behavior patterns regarding

primary anxiety and neurotic needs. In return, she would argue that Walter’s actions stem from

efforts to deal with emergent feelings of helplessness and insecurity during childhood.

Nevertheless, while Freud and Horney both place emphasis on the events of childhood,

their perspectives and beliefs regarding these early experiences have significant variations. Freud

developed the psychoanalytic perspective and underlined conflicts and subliminal motives as the

critical determinants of behavior. He would diagnose Walter’s criminality and power struggles as

being due to the child’s desire, and thus, the child has an id and superego conflict. On the other

hand, Horney differentiates between social relationships and culture concerning influence on

personality. Her approach helps us to understand that Walter’s actions are concerned more with

the anxiety of not fitting into a social structure rather than personal intrapsychic conflicts.

According to Horney, personal anxiety, which exists in Walter, results from the failure to satisfy

specific needs, such as the need for affiliation and recognition, reflecting the massive role of

social factors in shaping a personality (Horney, 1937).

Discussion/Conclusion
5

In conclusion, Walter White is a complicated person who experienced a multitude of

psychological issues, which can be discussed using psychoanalytic approaches. Freud’s overall

distress on problems that are left unresolved and narcissism help Walter to show internal

conflicts. At the same time, Horney’s approach, based on interpersonal relationships, gives

insight into external factors that may affect Walter. This dual analysis shows that Walter is

complex and can be dealt with from the lens of psychoanalytic theory from the literary

implication perspective.
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References

Baer, J. (2021). Walter White: From “Apply Yourself” to “Say my Name”. Aspects of Political

Theory in “Breaking Bad.” Conexus, 101–130.

[Link]

Boag, S. (2014). Ego, drives, and the dynamics of internal objects. Frontiers in Psychology,

5(666). [Link]

Echart, P., & García, A. N. (2013). Crime and Punishment: Greed, Pride and Guilt in Breaking

Bad. A Critical Approach to the Apocalypse, 205–217.

[Link]

Lapsley, D. K., & Stey, P. C. (2012). Id, Ego, and Superego. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior,

393–399. [Link]

Parkhomenko, I. A., & Kononov, I. V. (2019). WHAT WAS WALTER WHITE AFRAID OF?

DRAMA CONFLICT AND MOTIVATIONS OF THE “BREAKING BAD” SERIES.

Articult, 3, 114–129. [Link]

Scott, A. O. (2013, July 24). Bad in the Bones. The New York Times.

[Link]

[Link]

Tarzian, M., Ndrio, M., & Fakoya, A. O. (2023). An introduction and brief overview of

psychoanalysis. Cureus, 15(9), 1–13. [Link]

Common questions

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Freud’s psychoanalysis suggests that Walter White's actions are symptoms of repressed unconscious conflicts involving interplay among the id, ego, and superego, where his ego is overridden by the id leading to aggressive and immoral behaviors under the guise of family justification . In contrast, Horney's perspective emphasizes Walter's interpersonal and societal pressures, attributing his criminal transformation to feelings of helplessness and insecurity, driven by a need to assert control and gain social recognition .

Horney would interpret Walter White's leanings toward violence and criminal conduct as responses to feelings of helplessness and anxiety stemming from unsuccessful social interactions and unmet societal needs, such as the need for recognition and belonging . In contrast, Freud would attribute these behaviors to the dominance of Walter's id over his ego and superego, resulting in repressed desires manifesting as aggressive and destructive impulses .

Freud posits that Walter White's actions are influenced by unresolved childhood conflicts, primarily psychosexual, leading to an inadequately integrated id and superego, resulting in aggressive and criminal impulses . Horney, however, focuses on early experiences of anxiety and unmet neurotic needs such as security and recognition, suggesting these contribute to Walter’s actions and feelings of inadequacy and helplessness, prompting his pursuit of control and admiration .

Walter White's professional dissatisfaction significantly influences his life decisions. Freud might view this dissatisfaction as a catalyst that exacerbates id-driven ambitions, triggering repressed desires for control and success unfulfilled in his career . Horney would argue that this dissatisfaction highlights his unmet need for recognition and belonging, leading to feelings of inadequacy and helplessness, which he attempts to remedy through illegal means to regain self-esteem and admiration .

Walter White experiences key psychological conflicts involving his id, ego, and superego. The id drives his desires for power and success, conflicting with the moral constraints of the superego. As these conflicts intensify, the ego struggles to mediate, leading to rationalizations for his criminal actions. This imbalance manifests in unpredictable and sometimes aggressive behaviors, a hallmark of Freud's theory of repressed unconscious conflicts .

In Walter White’s transformation, Freud’s concepts of the id, ego, and superego interact in a conflicted manner. The id’s fundamental desires for power and success begin to dominate, leading to immoral and aggressive pursuits. Initially, the ego attempts to mediate these desires within societal norms, but gradually, as the id gains control, the superego's influence diminishes, allowing Walter to rationalize his actions through distorted justifications, thus facilitating his transformation into a drug lord .

Freud’s psychoanalysis proposes that Walter White’s transformation is driven by unresolved internal conflicts among his id, ego, and superego. Originating from repressed frustrations and desires unfulfilled in his personal and professional life, his id's aggressive and self-serving instincts begin to override the ego's regulatory functions and the moralistic constraints of the superego. As the id becomes dominant, it rationalizes the pursuit of wealth and power through the drug trade, manifesting Walter’s internal conflicts in aggressive and antisocial behaviors .

Horney emphasizes that feelings of helplessness and insecurity are central to Walter White’s behavioral development. These feelings arise from his perceived failures and unmet neurotic needs, prompting his transition into illegal activities as a means to assert control over his environment and to be admired, which are psychologies often shaped by societal and interpersonal influences .

Freud would attribute Walter White's transformation to unresolved unconscious conflicts involving the id, ego, and superego. His id, characterized by underlying aggressive and selfish instincts, becomes predominant, overshadowing his superego’s moral constraints. This imbalance allows him to rationalize criminal behaviors for familial benefit, reflecting repressed frustrations and desires that surface aggressively as he descends into criminality .

Horney argues that societal pressures and interpersonal relationships significantly shape Walter White's psychological state. His descent into the drug trade is seen as a response to feelings of inadequacy and social anxiety, where he attempts to counteract feelings of helplessness and insecurity. According to Horney, these are rooted in a failure to meet specific needs like affiliation and recognition, which are central to his personality development .

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