American Study Practice Test 76
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vitnhoibong.1109American Study Practice Test 76
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vitnhoibong.1109Practice Test 76
Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS
DIRECTIONS
he questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each question
T
includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage and question
carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s). All questions in this
section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a single best answer.
y
In 1781, a jury in Sheffield, Massachusetts, ruled in he Succulent Karoo Biome, located in western South
T
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favor of an enslaved woman, who would later take the Africa and southern Namibia, is ___ in terms of its
name Elizabeth Freeman, granting her freedom. In biodiversity: 40 percent of its 6,400 plant species
2022, the town of Sheffield _____ a statue of Freeman occur nowhere else on Earth, which includes 630
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in front of the courthouse to memorialize an important different species of geophytes.
moment in civil rights history.
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
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hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W and precise word or phrase?
a
and precise word or phrase? A) unknown
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A) enacted B) inconceivable
B) refuted C) unnatural
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C) placed D) singular
D) remembered
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pened in 1949, the Magnolia House in Greensboro,
O epenski Vir, an 8,200-year-old site located along the
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North Carolina, provided safe lodging for traveling banks of the Danube River in Serbia, has long ____
African Americans in an otherwise segregated region. archaeologists, as its trapezoidal houses and fish-
The passing of the 1964 Civil Rights Act inadvertently head figurines are so incongruent with the architecture
led to the hotel's decline, and the building was and statues found elsewhere in the region.
abandoned by the 1980s. The success of 2018's
Green Book helped _____ interest in the restored and hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
reopened Magnolia House, which now features an and precise word or phrase?
exhibit chronicling important people who stayed there. A) confounded
B) ignored
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W C) eluded
and precise word or phrase? D) delegated
A) deflect
B) renew
C) recede
D) invent
1
he male mole cricket may only be 3.3 centimeters
T orraine O'Grady is a New York based conceptual
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long, but its song can travel up to 0.8 kilometers. artist who uses the diptych- art composed of two
Despite its ______ form, the creature can create such a separate images displayed side-by-side-as her primary
loud sound by constructing its burrow in a way that form. The diptych allows O'Grady to ____ different
functions similarly to the horn of a trumpet and ideas about identity, history, and culture within one
thereby amplifying the sound. piece of art.
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
and precise word or phrase? and precise word or phrase?
A) determined A) obscure
B) diminutive B) eliminate
C) eluded C) juxtapose
D) delegated D) disengage
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he following text is adapted from Amy Lowell's 1914
T ish leather, made by preserving and tanning the skins
F
poem "Fool's Money Bags." of harvested fish, has been an important, traditional
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Outside the long window, textile for many oceanic communities, from Iceland to
With his head on the stone sill, Japan. However, the process fell out of favor as
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The dog is lying, alternative materials became available for creating
Gazing at his Beloved. textiles. Elisa Palomino-Perez, who has a background
His eyes are wet and urgent, in high fashion, has become a champion of this
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And his body is taut and shaking. underappreciated craft. She now creates handbags
It is cold on the terrace; and other pieces that merge traditional craftsmanship
a
A pale wind licks along the stone slabs, with high-fashion sensibilities. Her hope is to
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But the dog gazes through the glass popularize fish leather by showing fish processors that
And is content. the skins once discarded as waste are now desired
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and serve a purpose.
he Beloved is writing a letter.
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Occasionally she speaks to the dog, hich choice best describes the overall structure of
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But she is thinking of her writing. the text?
Does she, too, give her devotion to one A) It acknowledges a failure within an industry,
Not worthy? then provides a solution.
B) It introduces a lesser-known tradition, then
Which choice best describes the function of the describes someone's attempt to make that
underlined lines in the text as a whole? tradition more popular.
A) It suggests that the Beloved expresses C) It explains the steps needed to create a
insincere emotions in her writing. commodity, then introduces someone who
B) It reinforces the idea that the Beloved needs made that commodity significant to many.
to adjust her priorities. D) It introduces someone engaged in a
C) It establishes a comparison that characterizes noteworthy craft, then provides context about
the behavior of the Beloved. the origins of the craft.
D) It reveals that the Beloved does not
acknowledge the discomfort of the dog.
2
ext 1
T he following text is adapted from A. E. Housman's
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Advancements in computer processing power allow 1922 untitled poem.
geneticists to analyze the DNA sequences of Oh stay at home, my lad, and plough
hundreds of thousands of people using a single The land and not the sea,
algorithm in a process known as a genome-wide And leave the soldiers at their drill,
association study (GWAS). Having that much data can And all about the idle hill
help doctors to identify genetic variants that could Shepherd your sheep with me.
increase an individual's risk of developing a particular
disease. Doctors hope that this knowledge will allow Oh stay with company and mirth
patients and practitioners to engage in better And daylight and the air;
preemptive care. Too full already is the grave
Of fellows that were good and brave
Text 2 And died because they were.
A team of colleagues at the Baker Institute in Australia
published research showing that a GWAS analyzing Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
data from 500,000 participants would create 17.3 tons A) The speaker is planning a course of action for
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of carbon dioxide emissions: equivalent to 346 flights himself.
between New York City and Boston. The researchers B) The speaker highlights the differences
note that upgrading the software used to a newer
version would reduce this output by three-quarters.
ud between farming and fishing.
C) The speaker advocates that a younger person
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chooses a safer path.
Based on the text, what would the author of Text 2 D) The speaker mourns the premature loss of his
most likely say about Text 1's characterization of the son.
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research using GWAS?
a
A) It focuses on the benefits of GWAS without
addressing any of its negative impacts.
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B) It presents GWAS in an overly optimistic light
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that assumes these studies can treat all
human diseases.
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C) It assumes that the software which powers
the computations necessary for GWAS cannot
be improved upon.
D) It lacks any specific examples of diseases
discovered by GWAS that could justify the
carbon dioxide created by running the
program.
3
astern fence lizards traditionally avoid predation by
E
staying still and relying on their scale coloration to
provide camouflage. Unfortunately, this strategy can
be disastrous when a lizard is attacked by invasive fire
ants, as only a dozen or so bites from the venomous
ants can be fatal. Biologists Catherine Tylan and Tracy
Langkilde have been studying how the fence lizards
have adapted to this new threat and have
hypothesized that the behavior of flicking ants off
their limbs, which typically only occurs when the
lizards are juveniles, now continues into adulthood
because of the increased threat of fire ants.
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hich finding, if true, would most directly undermine
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Tylan and Langkilde's hypothesis?
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A) Fence lizard populations have increased in
regions also home to fire ants.
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B) Fence lizard populations have decreased in
any free-to-play mobile games rely on in-app
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regions also home to fire ants.
purchases to create revenue. Some psychologists
C) Juvenile fence lizards have been observed
claim that these games may reward unhealthy
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flicking off ants in regions not home to fire
behaviors and lead to reckless spending, defined as
ants.
a
spending at least 20 pounds within a period of 10
D) Adult fence lizards have been observed
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days. Elena Petrovskaya and David Zendle ran a study
flicking off ants in regions not home to fire
in the United Kingdom to better understand how
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ants.
in-app purchases affect players. They recruited 295
participants who all use free-to-play mobile games on
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a daily basis. The study tracked their money spending
habits in these games and found that ______
hich choice best describes data from the graph that
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weakens the psychologists' claim?
A) nearly all of the participants spend more than
250 pounds on in- app purchases.
B) most participants spent less than 10 pounds
on in-app purchases during the study.
C) some participants spent up to 40 pounds
during the study.
D) no participants spent exactly 20 pounds
during the study.
4
oybeans (Glycinemax) have long been considered a
S
pollinator-independent crop, because soybeans
pollinate whether or not the flowers are visited by
pollinating insects. Ecologist Hannah Levenson quaculture is the raising and harvesting of seafood,
A
decided to challenge this assumption: she placed kelp, and algae for either direct consumption or for
pollinator habitats (plants that provide nectar to bees raw materials for other products. Dr. Rashid Sumaila
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and structures to create hives) alongside soybean and Dr. Muhammed Oyinlola have been tracking the
farms in North Carolina. This allowed her to compare global growth of aquaculture and have noticed that
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how the presence of insect pollinators impacts after a period of increase from 1950 to 2018,
soybean yield. Levenson's results suggest that ____ aquaculture has begun to globally decline. They claim
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that this may affect global food supplies, as studies
hich choice most effectively uses data from the
W from a range of Food and Agriculture Organizations
table to complete the conclusion? (FAOs) indicate that _____
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A) pollinators neither impact the yield of soybean
a
per acre nor the average weight of a soybean. W
hich choice most effectively uses data from the
B) pollinators dramatically impact the quality and graph to complete the text?
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quantity of soybeans. A) global production of aquaculture products will
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C) pollinators do not affect the number of continue to decline and hit an all-time low in
soybeans per acre, but may increase the 2050.
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average weight of soybeans harvested. B
) the World Food Bank report expects both less
D) pollinators negatively affect the number of demand for and production of aquaculture
soybeans per acre, but may increase the products than other FAO reports do.
average weight of soybeans harvested. C
) projected demand for aquaculture products by
2050 will be greater than the peak production
seen in 2018.
D) projected demand for aquaculture products by
2050 will be greater than the projected
production in 2050.
5
ne of the more difficult aspects of promoting
O hile exploring the Loltún cave on the Yucatán
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sustainable practices is getting people to change their peninsula, _____ that lived over 12,000 years ago.
behavior. When trying to address this _____ at Ohio Analyzing the DNA and composition of these bones
State University concluded that the most effective will offer a better understanding of how the Yucatán
method is to engage the person in a conversation region has changed over time.
about adopting pro-sustainability practices where the
person can feel that their concerns have been hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
addressed. to the conventions of Standard English?
A) tiny bones that belonged to mice were
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W recently discovered by biologist Ella
to the conventions of Standard English? Vázquez-Dominguez
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A) concern, behaviorist Nicole Sintov, B) mice were recently discovered by biologist
B) concern behaviorist Nicole Sintov Ella Vázquez-Dominguez that contained tiny
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C) concern behaviorist, Nicole Sintov, bones
D) concern, behaviorist Nicole Sintov C) biologist Ella Vázquez-Dominguez's recent
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discovery of tiny bones that belonged to mice
D) biologist Ella Vázquez-Dominguez recently
discovered tiny bones that belonged to mice
a n
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hile exploring the Loltún cave on the Yucatán
W very spring, Toyama Bay in Japan hosts an
E
er
peninsula, _____ that lived over 12,000 years ago. underwater light show thanks to the Watasenia
Analyzing the DNA and composition of these bones scintillans, also known as firefly squids. These
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will offer a better understanding of how the Yucatán compact squids, each only three inches long, leave
region has changed over time. their deep sea home and travel to the coast to breed.
Firefly squids are also capable of bioluminescence:
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W the ______ water shallow
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) tiny bones that belonged to mice were hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
recently discovered by biologist Ella to the conventions of Standard English?
Vázquez-Dominguez A) squids' glowing bodies illuminate the bays
B) mice were recently discovered by biologist B) squid's glowing bodies illuminate the bays'
Ella Vázquez- Dominguez that contained tiny C) squids' glowing bodies illuminate the bay's
bones D) squids glowing bodies illuminate the bays
C) biologist Ella Vázquez-Dominguez's recent
discovery of tiny bones that belonged to mice
D) biologist Ella Vázquez-Dominguez recently
discovered tiny bones that belonged to mice
6
rank Lloyd Wright was one of the 20th century's most
F he Royal Game of Ur, a board game that uses an
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influential and prolific architects. Despite his celebrity irregularly shaped grid covered in intricately designed
status, less than half of Wright's plans were ever built. squares, was discovered by archaeologists during a
Recently, Spanish architect David Romero has started dig in the 1920s. _____ rules remained lost to time until
to use computer- generated models to envision some the 1980s, when curator Irving Finkel discovered the
of Wright's unbuilt ____________ allows a new audience instructions in a cuneiform tablet that was part of the
to appreciate Wright's innovative work. British Museum's collection.
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English? to the conventions of Standard English?
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A) designs which, A) Its
B) designs; which B) It's
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C) designs, which C) Their
D) designs. Which D) Whose
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n
hile excavating archaeological sites on the coast of
W scar Micheaux was a successful African American
O
Brazil, Simon-Pierre Gilson concluded that sharks were filmmaker who pioneered all-Black cast films typically
a
commonly hunted by indigenous peoples. When shown in segregated theaters. Micheaux had a
ic
questioning why these pre-Columbian people risked significant thirty-year career in filmmaking and
hunting dangerous sharks when less risky aquatic navigated the transition from silent films to
er
options were readily ________ Gilson concluded that synchronized sound, ______ most of his silent films are
sharks were a more desirable catch because their now considered lost.
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teeth could be used to create various tools.
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W transition?
to the conventions of Standard English? A) so
A) available— B) although
B) available C) because
C) available, D) accordingly
D) available?
7
otanist Byron Lamont has long been fascinated by
B hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
Hakea, a genus of plants endemic to Australia, and its following notes:
ability to survive drought conditions. In his cross- ● A banjo is a four-or-five-stringed instrument
sections of the plant, the tough outer leaves are that uses a drum head resonator to amplify
shown to be nutrient-impoverished and dull. _____ the the sound.
internal structure, which allows it to survive such ● The banjo is associated with Appalachian folk
harsh conditions, is painted to show symmetrical and bluegrass music.
mosaics of vivid color. ● The banjo originated from Africa, and the
originals used a turtle shell to form the body.
y
Which choice completes the text with the most logical ● Other world cultures have stringed
transition? instruments with drum heads similar to the
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A) Conversely, banjo.
B) Undoubtedly, ● The Chinese sanxian is a three-stringed
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C) Therefore, instrument with a snake-skin drum head.
D) In fact, The student wants to introduce the sanxian to an
audience already familiar with the banjo. Which choice
n
most effectively uses relevant information from the
notes to accomplish this goal?
a
Penguins prefer cool, if not outright cold temperatures, A) The banjo is often associated with
ic
which can be an issue for African penguins during the Appalachian folk and bluegrass music, but it
summer months. Their initial means of coping was to
er
originates from Africa and is similar to the
build burrows, but those were harvested by colonists Chinese sanxian.
as an easy supply of fertilizer. _______ in Algoa Bay, B) The Chinese sanxian is a three-stringed
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South Africa, which is home to approximately half of instrument with a snake-skin drum head that
Africa's penguins, conservationists have installed is similar to the American banjo, as both use a
ceramic nest boxes that provide ideal temperature for drum head to amplify the sound.
incubating the penguin's eggs. C) Africa is the origin of the banjo, which has
either four or five strings and uses a drum
Which choice completes the text with the most logical head resonator to amplify the sound.
transition? D) The banjo, which originated from Africa and
A) Coincidentally, originally used a turtle shell to form the body,
B) Consequently, has four or five strings, while the sanxian,
C) Nevertheless, which originates from China, has only three
D) Furthermore, strings.
8
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● Ethology is the study of animal behavior. ● Toyin Ojih Odutola is a Nigerian artist well
● Margaret Morse Nice was a 20th-century known for portraits that mix charcoal, pastel,
scientist who pioneered the use of ethology and pencil.
with birds. ● Odutola authored the book The UmuEze
● Nice used leg bands to track individual birds. Amara Clan and the House Obafemi in 2021.
● She would write her observations about birds ● The book takes place in a fictional Nigeria
in a lyrical style that felt like storytelling. untouched by the slave trade or colonialism.
y
● Many of her scientific contemporaries initially ● Odutola blends her visual art with
dismissed her writing as a romanticized hand-written pages to tell the story of two
ud
personification of birds. aristocratic families.
● Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie wrote a biography of The student wants to introduce The UmuEze Amara
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Nice in 2018 championing her Clan and the House Obafemi to an audience
accomplishments. unfamiliar with Toyin Ohih Odutola. Which choice
The student wants to present how opinions about most effectively uses relevant information from the
n
Nice changed over time. Which choice most notes to accomplish this goal?
effectively uses relevant information from the notes to A) Nigerian artist Toyin Ojih Odutola has
a
accomplish the goal? authored The UmuEze Amara Clan and the
ic
A) Margaret Morse Nice studied bird behavior House Obafemi, which blends her portraits
er
and used leg bands to track individual birds. with handwritten pages to tell the story of two
B) The writings of scientist Margaret Morse Nice aristocratic families in a fictional Nigeria.
were initially disregarded, but Marilyn Bailey B) Toyin Ojih Odutola draws portraits that mix
Am
Ogilvie, in her 2018 biography of Nice, charcoal, pastel, and pencil, and she is
acknowledges her contributions to the interested in telling stories about her
scientific study of birds. homeland of Nigeria.
C) Ethology, the behavioral analysis of animals, C) The UmuEze Amara Clan and the House
was used by Margaret Morse Nice to better Obafemi, published in 2021, takes place in a
understand birds, though some researchers fictional Nigeria untouched by the slave trade
within the field question whether her work or colonialism.
contributed to scientific understanding. D) Using her portraits and hand-written pages,
D) In 2018, Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie wrote a Toyin Ojih Odutola wrote a book that tells a
biography of scientist Margaret Morse Nice story set in a fictional Nigeria.
championing her accomplishments in the
study of bird behavior, which focused on
ethological analysis.
9
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other
module in the test.
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10
Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS
DIRECTIONS
he questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each question
T
includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage and question
carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s). All questions in
this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a single best answer
uring dry months, a salt lake located in Westgate
D he Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) has been widely
T
y
Park in Melbourne, Australia, has a habit of turning championed as the first successful revolt of enslaved
pink. Environmentalists initially were ______ that this people since the beginning of the Columbian
might be the result of manmade pollution, but the
cause turned out to be entirely natural: the lake
ud
Exchange. However, the scholarly work of Robert
Schwaller highlights another successful revolt of
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becomes very salty, which provides an ideal habitat for enslaved Africans in a Spanish territory now part of
a pink- hued, single-celled algae known as Dunaliella Panama that ____ the events in Haiti by over two
salina that rapidly populates the lake. centuries.
a n
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
and precise word or phrase? and precise word or phrase?
ic
A) determined A) resisted
er
B) concerned B) predated
C) convinced C) inspired
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D) motivated D) reconciled
In her 2010 poem "Ballad in A," Cathy Park Hong onathan Chang at Cornell University has developed
J
thrives within a self-imposed ______: throughout the an artificial intelligence to monitor debate in online
20-line poem: she uses "a" as her only vowel and yet is platforms and encourage posters to avoid
able to craft a classic Wild West story under that inflammatory language. The Al analyzes the posts and
limitation. can detect changes in tone; at that point, the Al will
nudge posters to use more neutral language in hopes
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W of ______ a potential confrontation.
and precise word or phrase?
A) restriction hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
B) improvisation and precise word or phrase?
C) presumption A) de-escalating
D) annotation B) emboldening
C) circumscribing
D) reorganizing
11
erman textile artist and printmaker Anni Albers was
G he following text is adapted from Zitkala-Sa's 1921
T
at the forefront of textile design in the 20th century. memoirImpressions of anIndianChildhood.
Simultaneously influenced by modernist abstraction Untying the long tasseled strings that bound a
and conventional folk patterns, Albers's work is ______ small brown buckskin bag, my mother spread
fine art and traditional craft. upon a mat beside her bunches of colored beads,
just as an artist arranges the paints upon his
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W palette. On a lapboard she smoothed out a double
and precise word or phrase? sheet of soft white buckskin; and drawing from a
A) a synthesis of beaded case that hung on the left of her wide belt
B) an admission to a long, narrow blade, she trimmed the buckskin
C) a rebuke toward into shape. Often she worked upon small
D) a departure from moccasins for me, her small daughter. Then I
became intensely interested in her designs. With a
proud, beaming face, I watched her work. In
imagination, I saw myself walking in a new pair of
snugly fitting moccasins. I felt the envious eyes of
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my playmates upon the pretty red beads
decorating my feet.
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hich choice best describes the overall structure of
W
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the text?
A) It portrays the mother's task to reveal more
about the feelings of the speaker.
n
B) It describes the intricate steps of a task
performed daily by the family.
a
C) It reveals that the speaker is more selfish than
ic
her mother realizes.
er
D) It makes an extended comparison between
the desires of the mother and the desires of
the speaker.
Am
12
he following text is adapted from Charles Dickens'
T he following text is adapted from Louisa May Alcott's
T
1853 novelBleak House. 1901 novelWork: A Story of Experience.
Sir Leicester Dedlock is only a baronet, but there is A fortnight later, and Christie was off. Mrs. Flint
no mightier baronet than he. His family is as old as had briefly answered that she had a room, and
the hills, and infinitely more respectable. He has a that work was always to be found in the city. So
general opinion that the world might get on without the girl packed her one trunk, folding away
hills but would be done up without Dedlocks. He splendid hopes among her plain gowns, and filling
would on the whole admit nature to be a good idea every corner with happy fancies, utterly impossible
(a little low, perhaps, when not enclosed with a plans, and tender little dreams, so lovely at the
park-fence), but an idea dependent for its execution time, so pathetic to remember, when contact with
on your great county families. He is a gentleman of the hard realities of life has collapsed our bright
strict conscience, disdainful of all littleness and bubbles, and the frost of disappointment nipped
meanness and ready on the shortest notice to die all our morning glories in their prime.
any death you may please to mention rather than
give occasion for the least impeachment of his According to the text, what is true about Christie?
integrity. A) She regrets having to move to the city.
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B) She is overly optimistic about the future.
According to the text, what is true about Dedlock? C) She is too trusting of Mrs. Flint.
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A) He is embarrassed by his title. D) She is embarrassed that she does not have
B) He considers his family's lineage to be very gowns appropriate for the city.
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important.
C) He does not accept reasonable advice from
others.
n
) He is not concerned about how others
D
a
perceive him.
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er
Am
13
In her 1920s poem, "The Trees are Down," Charlotte n international team of researchers has claimed to
A
Mew, while describing workers cutting down trees at have developed an elastic material that is impervious
the edge of her property, advocates that protecting to liquids and gases. The method uses a eutectic alloy
nature is a moral responsibility: ____ of gallium and indium formed into thin film encased in
an elastic polymer. The initial phase of testing
hich quotation from "The Trees are Down" most
W assessed the extent to which liquid content could
effectively illustrates the claim? evaporate in a cylinder capped with the elastic
A) "They are cutting down the great plane-trees material.
at the end of the gardens./For days there has
been the grate of the saw, the swish of the hich finding, if true, would most directly support the
W
branches as they fall," researchers' claim?
B) "The crash of the trunks, the rustle of trodden A) The elastic made with gallium and indium was
leaves,/With the 'Whoops' and the 'Whoas, the able to stretch more than the researchers
loud common talk, the loud common laughs expected.
of the men, above it all." B) The elastic made with gallium and indium was
C) "It is going now, and my heart has been struck unable to be punctured with a sharp object.
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with the hearts of the planes:/Half my life it C) The liquid contents in the cylinder did not
has beat with these, in the sun, in the rains," show any signs of evaporation.
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D) "They must have heard the sparrows D) The liquid contents in the cylinder were able to
flying,/And the small creeping creatures in the completely evaporate.
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earth where they were lying-/But I, all day, I
heard an angel crying: "Hurt not the trees."
a n
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er
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14
In Jack London's 1902 novel,A Daughter of the Snows, ne of the assumptions that drive global competition
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the main character, Frona Welse, is described as a to host the Olympic Games is that the hosting country
young adventurer transitioning from studying the is likely to win more medals than its average. Gergely
world to actually experiencing it. Csurilla and Imre Fertő questioned this "host effect"
and discovered that, factoring in a nation's GDP per
hich quotation fromA Daughter of the Snowsmost
W capita and population size, hosting the Olympic
effectively illustrates the claim? Games ____
A) "Frona took his hand lightly and stepped
aboard. Her weight gave the leaky boat a Which choice most logically completes the text?
sudden lurch, and the water hurtled across the A) typically produces no noticeable increase in
bottom boards to her shoe-tops: but she took the number of medals won.
it coolly enough, settling herself in the B) guarantees the host country its greatest
stern-sheets and tucking her feet under her." number of medals ever.
B) "I dare say our farewell might have been more C) creates only a temporary economic increase.
dignified, Frona called back to him, her D) allows more athletes from the host country to
laughter rippling across the water." compete.
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C) "Frona smiled mentally, tucked up her skirts,
and bent to the work. At every dip, like great
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billows heaving along the sky-line, the
glacier-fretted mountains rose and fell."
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D) "Man, the mighty toiler, reacting upon a hostile
environment, Frona thought, going back in
memory to the masters whose wisdom she
n
had shared in lecture-room and midnight
a
study. She was a ripened child of the age, and
fairly understood the physical world and the
ic
workings thereof. And she had a love for the
er
world, and a deep respect."
Am
15
In order to help consumers make informed decisions, he Rites of Zhou, a widely distributed instructional
T
some nutritionists have advocated for PACE (physical text from China's Eastern Zhou Dynasty (771-256
activity calorie-equivalent) labels, which describe the BCE), includes recipes for creating bronze by melding
calories in terms of how much exercise would be copper and tin. When analyzing bronze objects from
necessary to use them entirely. Researchers in the the Zhou Dynasty, Ruiliang Liu discovered that many
United Kingdom tested how PACE labels would affect contained at least 10 percent lead, which could only
food purchases by placing them in ten cafeterias and occur by intentionally adding it to the alloy. This has
tracking the sales. At the end of twelve weeks, the led Liu to conclude that bronze manufacturers during
data showed that the PACE labels made no the Zhou Dynasty ___
measurable impact on the number of calories
purchased, which suggests that ___ Which choice most logically completes the text?
A) did not have access to the Rites of Zhou.
Which choice most logically completes the text? B) adjusted the recipe from the Rites of Zhou to
A) PACE labels should be banned from places their own preferences.
serving food. C) did not realize that the bronze they made
B) PACE labels may not impact consumer contained lead.
y
behavior as nutritionists had hoped. D) made bronze in a manner that was forbidden
C) researchers will need to leave PACE labels in by the ruling party.
ud
the cafeteria for years before seeing a change
in behavior.
St
D) consumers had a difficult time interpreting the
PACE labels in a cafeteria setting.
a n
ic
ating back to at least 3,100 BCE, senet is an Egyptian
D iologist Tiziana Ulian researches foods that are
B
board game similar to many modern board games. nutritious and can be grown in sustainable ways. The
er
Played on a three-by-ten grid, the game ______ players marama bean, a legume native to southern Africa,
attempting to move tokens to the finish line while also satisfies both criteria, as ______ rich in carbohydrates
Am
thwarting their opponents' tokens through strategic and minerals and grows well in dry, sandy soil.
placement.
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W to the conventions of Standard English?
to the conventions of Standard English? A) its
A) has B) it's
B) have C) their
C) having D) they're
D) had been
16
he Hispaniolan boa—significantly smaller than any of
T he Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology's Macaulay
T
its mainland ______ was only discovered in 2020 by a Library hosts a wildlife multimedia archive, including
team of zoologists, as they were on a night quest for some rare audio of songs and calls from now- extinct
toads and stumbled upon the boa by accident. birds that were recorded in the past century, which
______ an opportunity to hear sounds from nature that
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W otherwise would be lost to time.
to the conventions of Standard English?
A) cousins— hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
B) cousins to the conventions of Standard English?
C) cousins, A) give
D) cousins and B) gave
C) gives
D) have given
y
research team led by Rodney Priestly and Xiahui Xi
A ixed media artist Caron Ang created a photography
M
has developed a temperature-responsive hydrogel that project called Symbiosis. In this project, she blends
ud
can purify water using only solar power. The hydrogel human portraits with microscopic biology, ______
is placed in polluted water, where it absorbs the water close-up images of bacteria to illuminate the model's
but leaves the contaminants. The hydrogel is then face and body.
St
placed in sunlight, and the increase in temperature
causes ______ to release clean water. hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English?
n
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W A) projecting
a
to the conventions of Standard English? B) projected
ic
A) them C) projects
B) it D) had projected
er
C) these
D) they
Am
racking polar bears is essential to understanding the
T ndrew Parker, who has a background in art and
A
health of the arctic ecosystem, but scientists have had zoology, has studied how crystalline nanostructures
limited noninvasive options. With this in mind, can scatter light to create vibrant colors like those
scientists have recently developed a tracker that seen in some bird feathers. Parker aims to use these
functions similarly to a ______ it tangles within the nanostructures to create bold colors that are also
polar bear's thick fur and does not cause any sustainable ______ many chemical dyes and pigments
discomfort. are toxic and their production can negatively affect
groundwater.
hich choice completes the text so that it conforms
W
to the conventions of Standard English? hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
A) burr transition?
B) burr, A) so
C) burr; B) because
D) burr: and C) yet
D) or
17
he original musical instrument will likely remain lost
T hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
to history as humans began manipulating sound and following notes:
rhythm before developing writing: ______ carbon-14 ● Lusaka is the capital of Zambia and has a
dating on flutes made from large bird bones places population of 2,238,569.
them as more than 30,000 years old, making these ● Lusaka contains 11.83 percent of Zambia's
flutes the earliest known evidence of woodwind population.
instruments. ● Angola borders Zambia on its western side.
● Luanda is the capital of Angola and has a
Which choice completes the text with the most logical population of 8,860,000.
transition? ● Luanda contains 2.60 percent of Angola's
A) in fact, population.
B) nevertheless, The student wants to compare the two capitals in
C) regrettably, terms of their relative population to each nation.
D) paradoxically, Which choice most effectively uses relevant
information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
A) Zambia's capital is Lusaka, which has
y
2,238,569 people, and Luanda is the capital of
Superionic ice is a phase state where water loses its Angola, which has 8,860,000 people.
ud
molecular identity and negative oxygen ions crystalize, B) Luanda is the capital of Angola, which borders
which allows hydrogen ions to float around freely Zambia, whose capital is Lusaka.
St
within the lattice. The result allows superionic ice to C) The population of Luanda, which is 8,860,000
hold a magnetic charge. The conditions to create people, is greater than the population of
superionic ice do not exist on Earth, as the pressure Lusaka, which is 2,238,569.
n
and temperature needed are too extreme. _______ D) Even though Luanda (population 8,860,000) is
astrophysicists think that such ice may exist on
a
larger than Lusaka (population 2,238,569),
Neptune and Uranus because their magnetic fields do Lusaka accounts for more of its nation's
ic
not align with their rotations. population.
er
hich choice completes the text with the most logical
W
transition?
Am
A) Besides,
B) For instance,
C) Specifically,
D) In contrast,
18
hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W hile researching a topic, a student has taken the
W
following notes: following notes:
● Jaune Quick-to-See Smith is a Native ● Carolina Chickadees are common, small
American painter. songbirds across the Southeastern United
● Her paintings use American Abstract States.
Expressionism and Pop Art collage ● Chickadees often live in mixed flocks
techniques to explore her Native American alongside larger songbirds.
point-of-view. ● Todd Freeberg studies animal behavior.
● The Women's Caucus for Art gives lifetime ● Freeberg noticed that the chickadees are
achievement awards annually. subordinate to their larger flockmates.
● Smith received the award in 1997. ● He believes the relationship between
The student wants to introduce the 1997 award to an chickadees and their flock is symbiotic, as
audience unfamiliar with Smith. Which choice most chickadees help find food and receive
effectively uses relevant information from the notes to protection from the larger birds.
accomplish the goal? The student wants to present Freeberg's claim to an
A) The Women's Caucus for Art gives an annual audience already familiar with Southeastern
y
lifetime achievement award, and in 1997 it songbirds. Which choice most effectively uses
gave the award to Jaune Quick-to-See Smith. relevant information from the notes to accomplish the
ud
B) Jaune Quick-to-See Smith, a Native American goal?
abstract expressionist and pop artist, received A) Todd Freeberg believes that chickadees
St
a lifetime achievement award from the accept a subordinate yet symbiotic role
Women's Caucus for Art in 1997. among flocks of larger songbirds, as
C) Native American painter Jaune Quick-to-See chickadees receive protection and help find
n
Smith uses American Abstract Expressionism food for the flock.
a
and Pop Art collage techniques to explore her B) Carolina Chickadees are common, small
point-of-view as a Native American. songbirds across the Southeastern United
ic
D) Jaune Quick-to-See Smith received a lifetime States that often live in mixed flocks
er
achievement award in 1997 from the Women's alongside larger songbirds.
Caucus for Art. C) Todd Freeberg studies animal behavior,
Am
including the behavior of Carolina Chickadees
that live in mixed flocks.
D) Carolina Chickadees, who are studied by Todd
Freeberg, are common, small songbirds that
often live in mixed flocks alongside larger
songbirds in order to receive protection.
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other
module in the test.
19
Math
22 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is
permitted for all questions.
OTES
N
Unless otherwise indicated:
• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
y
• The domain of a given functionfis the set of allreal numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.
REFERENCE
ud
St
a n
ic
er
Am
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
20
Formultiple-choicequestions,solveeachproblem,choosethecorrectanswerfromthe
choices provided, and thencircleyouranswerinthisbook.Circleonlyoneanswerfor
each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle.Youwillnotget
credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no
answers circled.
For student-produced responsequestions,solveeachproblemandwriteyouranswer
next to or under the question in the test book as described below.
● Onceyou'vewrittenyouranswer,circleitclearly.Youwillnotreceivecreditforanything
written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.
● If you findmore than one correct answer, write andcircle only one answer.
● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer andupto6characters
y
(including thenegativesign) for a negative answer,but no more.
● Ifyouranswerisafractionthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
●
for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
ud
Ifyouranswerisadecimalthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
St
for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
● Ifyouranswerisamixednumber(suchas3½2),writeitasanimproperfraction(7/2)
n
or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
a
● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled
ic
answer
er
Am
21
If , what is the value of
In the xy-plane, linekis the graph of the given ?
equation. Which of the following is an equation of the
line parallel to linekthat contains the point
?
A)
B)
C)
D)
hich point
W is a solution to the given system
of inequalities in the xy-plane?
A)
company produces trading cards for a popular
A B)
y
game. The equation above gives the total production C)
costC, in dollars, to produce b booster packs and g
ud
D)
game decks. If the total cost was$42,000and5,000
game decks were produced, how many booster packs
St
were produced?
certain parade float travels at an average rate of24
A
n
minutes per mile during a parade. At this rate, which
a
functionmmodels the number of minutes it will take
ic
this parade float to travel𝑥miles?
A)
er
What is the𝑥-intercept of the line with equation B)
? C)
Am
A)
D)
B)
C)
D)
22
In the𝑥𝑦-plane, the equation of a line is for arol decided to combine two types of food each
C
some constantc. If the line intersects a parabola that week to feed her cat. During the first week, she
as the equation
h at exactly one combined2cups of dry food with7cups of wet food.
point, what is the value ofc? During the second week, she combined dry and wet
food using the same ratio that she used in the first
week. If she used3cups of dry food in the second
week, how much wet food did Carol use?
A) 3.5times the amount of wet food used during
the first week
B) 3.5times the amount of dry food used during
the second week
C) 1cup more than the amount of wet food used
during the first week
he equation above relatesmandn. Which of the
T
D) Exactly3cups
following expresses n in terms ofm?
A)
y
B)
he equation
T relatesaandb. Which of
ud
C) the following correctly expressesain terms ofb?
D)
St
A)
B)
Which of the following is a factor of the polynomial
n
?
a
C)
A) D)
ic
B)
er
C)
Am
D)
If 20% ofkism, which expression representskin
terms ofm?
A)
)
B
C) 5 m
D) 20m
23
he equation shown above models the populationP,
T
in thousands, of a certain county from 1990 to 2000,
where t is the number of years after 1990 andcis a
constant. Given that the population in 2000 was281
thousand, what was the population, in thousands, in
1995?
A) 249
The table above shows the results of a survey in which B) 265
employees of a large company were asked to rate C) 313
their working conditions. Based on the information D) 329
given in the table, which of the following is closest to
the probability that an employee responded
"Excellent," given that the employee did not respond
"Poor"?
A) 0.24 Mr. Staine is one of the marine biologists at Coastal
y
B) 0.32 University, which has1,816students. He selected50
of his marine biology students at random and asked
ud
C) 0.52
D) 0.76 each whether they enjoy swimming. Of the50
students surveyed,39responded that they enjoy
St
swimming. Based on the design of the study, which of
the following is the largest group of students to whom
the results of Mr. Staine's survey can be generalized?
n
A) All of Mr. Staine's marine biology students at
a
Coastal University
B) All of the marine biology students at Coastal
ic
University
er
C) All of the students at Coastal University
Two lines intersect as shown in the figure above. What D) All of the marine biology students in the
Am
is the value of𝑥? country
he area of a rectangular region of a city is128
T
square miles. If the length of the region is twice the
width, what is the width of the region, in miles?
Which of the following is(are) a factor of
?
I.
II.
A) I only
B) II only
C) I and II
D) Neither I nor II
24
In the triangle below, what is the length of side𝐽𝐿? he CEO of a large company asked a random sample
T
of employees how long they commute to work each
day. Based on the responses, the estimated mean was
found to be30.5minutes, with an associated margin
of error of5.5minutes. Which of the following is the
best conclusion from these data?
A) It is likely that all employees in the company
commute between 25 and 36 minutes each
day.
)
A B) It is likely that most employees in the
B) 14 company commute exactly 30.5 minutes each
day.
)
C C) It is not possible that any employee in the
D) 7 company commutes less than 20 minutes
y
each day.
D) It is plausible that the mean commute time of
ud
all employees in the company is between 25
and 36 minutes each day.
St
landscape designer will use hanging planters in a
A
n
park that are in the shape of a right circular cone. He
a
determines that planters with a height that is3inches
ic
longer than the radius of the base provide the optimal
conditions for plant growth. Which of the following
er
equations gives the volume,V, in cubic inches, of such
a planter, in terms of the radius of the base,r, in
Am
inches?
1 2
A) 𝑉 = 3 π𝑟 + 3𝑟
1 3 2
B) 𝑉 = 3 π𝑟 + π𝑟
3
C) 𝑉 = π𝑟
3 2 oints A and B lie on a circle with radius1in the𝑥𝑦
P
D) 𝑉 = π𝑟 + 3π𝑟
-plane shown above, where O is the center of the
circle. The measure of angle AOB, in radians, isθ. If
,what is the value ofk?
STOP
25
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module in the
test.
Math
22 QUESTIONS
IRECTIONS
D
The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is
permitted for all questions.
OTES
N
Unless otherwise indicated:
• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
y
• All figures lie in a plane.
ud
• The domain of a given functionfis the set of allreal numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.
REFERENCE
St
a n
ic
er
Am
The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.
The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.
The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.
26
Formultiple-choicequestions,solveeachproblem,choosethecorrectanswerfromthe
choices provided, and thencircleyouranswerinthisbook.Circleonlyoneanswerfor
each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle.Youwillnotget
credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no
answers circled.
For student-produced responsequestions,solveeachproblemandwriteyouranswer
next to or under the question in the test book as described below.
● Onceyou'vewrittenyouranswer,circleitclearly.Youwillnotreceivecreditforanything
written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.
● If you findmore than one correct answer, write andcircle only one answer.
● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer andupto6characters
y
(including thenegativesign) for a negative answer,but no more.
● Ifyouranswerisafractionthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
●
for negative), write the decimal equivalent.
ud
Ifyouranswerisadecimalthatistoolong(over5charactersforpositive,6characters
St
for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.
● Ifyouranswerisamixednumber(suchas3½2),writeitasanimproperfraction(7/2)
n
or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
a
● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled
ic
answer.
er
Am
27
t the start of an experiment, approximately70,000
A
ow many distinct real solutions does the given
H cells per milliliter of bacteria were present in a liquid
equation have? growth solution. The number of cells per milliliter
A) Infinitely many doubles every5hours. How many cells per milliliter
B) Exactly two will there be 20 hours after the start of the
C) Exactly one experiment?
D) Zero A) 560,000
B) 1,120,000
C) 1,400,000
D) 2,240,000
hich of the following is equivalent to the
W
expression above?
A)
B) 46 he functionfis defined above. For what value of𝑥
T
does the functionfreach its minimum value?
y
C)
A)
D)
ud
B)
)
C
D) 2
St
n
ach of the following data sets consists of11data
E
he functionggives the value, in dollars, of a certain
T
a
points. For which data set is the mean less than the
car t months after it was purchased. If the value of
ic
median?
the car decreases each year byn%of its value the
preceding year, what is the value ofn?
er
A) 2
B) 3
Am
C) 18
D) 82
A)
B)
C)
D)
28
hich of the following could be the equation of a
W
quadratic function with a maximum value of12? In the function𝑓defined above,kis a constant. If
A)
, what is the value ofk?
B)
C)
D)
he formula above can be used to estimate the total
T
lengtht, in millimeters, of an American alligator
based on the length of its skulls, in millimeters.
What is the meaning of7.13in this context?
y
A) The estimated skull length, in millimeters, for
an alligator with a total length of 130.31
ud
millimeters
B) The estimated increase in an alligator's skull
length, in millimeters, for each increase of
St
130.31 millimeters in total length he graph above represents the total cost, in dollars,
T
C) The estimated increase in an alligator's skull for a certain engine repair job. The cost includes the
length, in millimeters, for each fixed cost of the parts, plus the mechanic's hourly
n
one-millimeter increase in its total length rate for𝑥hours worked. What is the best
a
D) The estimated increase in an alligator's total interpretation of the slope of the graph?
ic
length, in millimeters, for each A) The total cost of the repair
one-millimeter increase in its skull length B) The fixed cost of the parts
er
C) The mechanic's hourly rate
D) The hours of work to complete the job
Am
For the given equation, what is the positive value of
?
29
In the xy-plane, the line with equation
y
ud
St
na
ic
er
Am
30
is translated4units to the right. What is
the𝑦- intercept of the translated line?
A) (0, 1)
B) (0, 4)
C) (0, 5)
D) (0, 6)
The circle graphed in the𝑥𝑦-plane above has center
and radius13. What is the value ofk?
he system of equations shown above is graphed in
T
the𝑥𝑦-plane. The graphs of the equations intersect
t a point
a , where x > 0 and y > 0. What is the
value of ?
y
A) 22
B) 18
ud
C) 14
D) 8
St
a n
ic
s part of an experiment, two coins, one quarter and
A
er
one dime, were tossed at the same time. The results
of each toss are shown in the table above. For what
Am
fraction of the tosses did the coins land on the same
side?
A)
B)
C)
D)
31
number is selected at random from the set of
A
one-digit integers greater than0. What is the
probability that the integer will be less than5?
(Express your answer as a fraction or decimal, not as
a percent.)
mobile app video game has a level system where
A
players can go from level 1 to level 40. The
he price of a gallon of gas decreased by3%from
T
developers took a random survey of players and
the previous week for eight consecutive weeks. If𝑥
determined how long they played the game and what
is the number of weeks since the price began to fall
level they were in the game. Based on the line of best
and𝑦is the cost of a gallon of gas, which of the
fit, what percentage of players did not reach the
y
following equations could model the price of gas
predicted level after their number of years playing
over this time period?
ud
the game?
A)
A) 46.67%
B) B) 50.00%
St
C) 53.33%
C)
D) 87.50%
D)
a n
ic
er
Am
he box plots shown above summarize the
T
distributions of two data sets. Which of the
following statements about the data sets must be
true?
A) The minimum value of data set X is less
than the minimum value of data set Y.
B) The range of data set X is less than the
range of data set Y.
C) Data set X has fewer values than data set Y.
D) The median of data set X is less than the
median of data set Y.
32
ccording to a report from 2016, the land area of
A If the figure, and .
Portland, Oregon is about92%of the land area of
Raleigh, North Carolina. If the land area of Portland he length of leg
T is equivalent to inches.
is about345square kilometers, which of the What is the area of △ABC, in square inches?
following is the best approximation of the land area,
in square kilometers, of Raleigh?
A) 180
B) 315
C) 375
D) 660
A) 12.5
)
B
C) 25
y
D)
ud
St
en friends compare the number of trading cards
T
they have. The results are shown.
n
If the range of the data set is 36, what could be the
a
value of𝑥in the data?
A) 34
ic
B) 47
er
C) 87
D) 119
Am
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module in the
test.
33
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