Hydraulic calculation
NFPA 13
Hazard classification : Ordinary hazard group 1
Area coverage by sprinkler(As) : 130 ft²
Density(D) 0.15 gpm/ft² figure 7-[Link] area/density curves.
Total area protection(A 1500 ft² figure 7-[Link] area/density curves.
K factor = 5.6
Number of sprinkler Ap/As
N = 11.5384615
= 12 sprinkler
Flow rate per sprinkler(Qs)= D * As
Qs = 19.5 gpm
Qs =k * p½
P residual = 12.1253189 psi
Material of pipe black steel schedule 40
c = 120
Space
Occupancy
Sprinkler System H
Noozle
Identifica
Pipe Size (in) Pipe Fittings
Step No tion Flow Rate
Summary
and
Location
Summary GPM LPM
q 19.50 73.91
Nominal Dia = 1
1 a -- b Q 19.50 73.91 1 Elbow
Actual ID = 1.049
q 21.21 80.38
Nominal Dia = 1 1/4
2 b -- c Q 40.71 154.29 1 Elbow
Actual ID = 1.38
q 23.36 88.54
Nominal Dia = 1 1/4
3 c -- d Q 64.07 242.83 1 Cross
Actual ID = 1.38
q 28.01 106.16
Nominal Dia = 1 1/2
5 d -- e 1 Elbow
Actual ID = 1.61
Nominal Dia = 1 1/2
5 d -- e Q 77.04 291.97 1 Elbow
Actual ID = 1.61
q 31.65 119.97
Nominal Dia = 2
6 e -- f Q 108.69 411.94 1 Cross
Actual ID = 2.07
q 34.45 130.58
Nominal Dia = 2
7 f -- g Q 143.15 542.53 1 Cross
Actual ID = 2.07
q 105.50 399.84
Nominal Dia = 2.5
8 g -- h Q 248.65 942.37 1 Cross
Actual ID = 2.47
q 248.65 942.37
Nominal Dia = 2.5
9 h--i Q 248.65 942.37 1 Cross
Actual ID = 2.47
q 248.65 942.37
Nominal Dia = 3
10 j--k Q 248.65 942.37 2 Cross
Actual ID = 3.07
q 248.65 942.37
Nominal Dia = 3 1/2
11 k--l Q 248.65 942.37 S
Actual ID = 3.55
q 248.65 942.37
Nominal Dia = 4
12 l--m Q 248.65 942.37 4 Cross
Actual ID = 4.03
q 998.65 3784.87 2 Cross
Nominal Dia = 8
13 m--n Q 998.65 3784.87 3 Elbow
Actual ID = 7.98
1 Gate Valve
Jockey Pump Calculations
Flow Rate 249.66 GPM
Pressure 183.38 psi
Fire Pump Power
Headfeet 390.12 Ft of Water
Q 998.65 GPM
Efficiecncy 0.65
Power 151.36 Hp
3.1.2 area/density curves.
3.1.2 area/density curves.
Sprinkler System Hydraulic Calculation
Presssure
Equivelant Pipe Length Pressure Loss
Summary
Summary ft m (psi/ft) (bar/m) PSI BAR
Straight Pipe 11.25 3.43 Pt 12.13 0.84
Fitting 2.00 0.61 0.17 0.04 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 13.25 4.04 Pf 2.22 0.15
Straight Pipe 12.42 3.78 Pt 14.34 0.99
Fitting 3.00 0.91 0.20 0.04 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 15.42 4.70 Pf 3.06 0.21
Straight Pipe 10.58 3.23 Pt 17.40 1.20
Fitting 6.00 1.83 0.46 0.10 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 16.58 5.05 Pf 7.61 0.53
Straight Pipe 10.00 3.05 Pt 25.02 1.72
0.50 0.11
Fitting 4.00 1.22 0.50 0.11 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 14.00 4.27 Pf 6.93 0.48
Straight Pipe 13.00 3.96 Pt 31.95 2.20
Fitting 10.00 3.05 0.26 0.06 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 23.00 7.01 Pf 5.90 0.41
Straight Pipe 8.25 2.51 Pt 37.86 2.61
Fitting 10.00 3.05 1.10 0.25 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 18.25 5.56 Pf 20.00 1.38
Straight Pipe 11.00 3.35 Pt 57.86 3.99
Fitting 12.00 3.66 0.31 0.07 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 23.00 7.01 Pf 7.02 0.48
Straight Pipe 13.00 3.96 Pt 64.88 4.47
Fitting 12.00 3.66 0.02 0.00 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 25.00 7.62 Pf 0.44 0.03
Straight Pipe 26.00 7.92 Pt 65.31 4.50
Fitting 30.00 9.14 0.61 0.14 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 56.00 17.07 Pf 34.16 2.36
Straight Pipe 65.00 19.81 Pt 99.47 6.86
Fitting 85.00 25.91 0.25 0.06 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 150.00 45.72 Pf 37.80 2.61
Straight Pipe 50.83 15.49 Pt 137.26 9.46
Fitting 100.00 30.48 0.15 0.03 Pe 0.00
Total Equivelant Length 150.83 45.97 Pf 22.67 1.56
Straight Pipe 39.83 12.14 Pt 159.93 11.03
Fitting 148.00 45.11 0.02 0.00 Pe 5.63 0.39
Total Equivelant Length 187.83 57.25 Pf 3.32 0.23
168.88 11.64
Total Pressure Loss 168.883915 PSI 11.6428571 BAR
Total Flow Rate 999 GPM 3,785 LPM
Q= Area x Density
Q= 130 x 0.15 =19.5
K=5.6
C=120
Pt=(Q/K)^2
Pt=(19.5/5.6)^2
Pt=2.16psi = 0.14 Bar
q=K√P q 19.50 73.91
q=5.6 x 2.16 4 2 -- Q 19.50 73.91
q=12.09 GPM
q=K√P
q=5.6 x 2.16
q=12.09 GPM
q=K√P q 19.50 73.91
q=5.6 x 2.16 4 2 --
q=12.09 GPM
q=K√P
q=5.6 x 2.16 4 2 -- Q 19.50 73.91
q=12.09 GPM
q=K√P q 20.81 78.87
q=5.6 x 2.16 5 -- f Q 40.31 152.77
q=12.09 GPM
q(adjust)=QL x (PH / PL)
q(adjust)=5.6 x 2.16
q=12.09 GPM
q 19.50 73.91
4 2 -- Q 19.50 73.91
q(adjust)=QL x (PH / PL) q 20.81 78.87
q(adjust)=5.6 x 2.16 5 -- f Q 40.31 152.77
q=12.09 GPM
q 22.23 84.23
Q 62.53 237.00
Straight Pipe 10.00
Nominal Dia = 1
1 Cross Fitting 5.00
Actual ID = 1.049
Total Equivelant Length 15.00
Straight Pipe 10.00
Nominal Dia = 1
N/A
Actual ID = 1.049
Nominal Dia = 1
N/A Fitting 0.00
Actual ID = 1.049
Total Equivelant Length 10.00
Straight Pipe 10.00
Nominal Dia = 1 1/4
1 Cross Fitting 6.00
Actual ID = 1.38
Total Equivelant Length 16.00
Straight Pipe 10.00
Nominal Dia = 1
N/A Fitting 0.00
Actual ID = 1.049
Total Equivelant Length 10.00
Straight Pipe 10.00
Nominal Dia = 1 1/4
N/A Fitting 0.00
Actual ID = 1.38
Total Equivelant Length 10.00
Straight Pipe 4.33
Nominal Dia = 1 1/4
N/A Fitting 6.00
Actual ID = 1.38
Total Equivelant Length 10.33
3.05 Pt 12.13 0.84
K=Q/√P
1.52 0.17 0.04 Pe 0.00
K= 12.274
4.57 Pf 2.524 0.17
14.648980077551 5.09484430944594
3.05 Pt 12.13 0.84 Pt=(Q/K)^2
0.17 0.04 Pt=(19.5/5.6)^2
Pt=2.16psi = 0.14 Bar
Pt=(Q/K)^2
0.00 0.17 0.04 Pe 0.00 Pt=(19.5/5.6)^2
3.05 Pf 1.682 0.12 Pt=2.16psi = 0.14 Bar
3.05 Pt 13.81 0.95
K=Q/√P
1.83 0.19 0.04 Pe 0.00
K= 12.274
4.88 Pf 3.118 0.22
16.93 19.17
3.05 Pt 12.13 0.84 Pt=(Q/K)^2
0.00 0.17 0.04 Pe 0.00 Pt=(19.5/5.6)^2
3.05 Pf 1.682 0.12 Pt=2.16psi = 0.14 Bar
3.05 Pt 13.81 0.95
K=Q/√P
0.00 0.19 0.04 Pe 0.00
K= 12.274
3.05 Pf 1.944 0.13
1.32 Pt 15.75 1.09
K=Q/√P
1.83 0.44 0.10 Pe 0.00
K= 12.274
3.15 Pf 4.569 0.32
20.320 13.87
Light Hazard Occupancies.
Classification of Occupancies:
Light Hazard Occupancies
Ordinary Hazard Group 1 Churches
Ordinary Hazard Group 2 Clubs
Extra Hazard Group 1 Eaves and overhangs,
Extra Hazard Group 2 Educational
Special Occupancy (High-Piled) Hazards Hospitals
Institutional
NFPA® 13 Libraries,
Museums
Standard for the Nursing or accomodation
Installation of Offices,
Residential
Sprinkler Systems Restaurant seating areas
2013 Edition Theaters and auditoriums,
Unused attics
Ordinary Hazard Occupancies Extra Hazard Occupancie
Group 1 Group 2 Group 1
Automobile parking Cereal mills Aircraft hangars
Bakeries Chemical plants — ordinary Combustible hydraulic fluid use ar
Beverage manufacturing Confectionery products Die casting
Canneries Distilleries Metal extruding
Dairy products Dry cleaners Plywood and particles
Electronic plants Feed mills Printing
glass products manufacturing Horse stables Rubber
Laundries Leather goods manufacturing Saw mills
Restaurant service areas Libraries — large stack room areas Textile All kind
showrooms Machine shops Upholstering with plastic foams
Metal working
Mercantile
Paper and pulp mills
Paper process plants
Piers and wharves
Post offices
Printing and publishing
Repair garages
Resin application area
Stages
Textile manufacturing
Tire manufacturing
Tobacco products manufacturing
Wood machining
Wood product assembly
Extra Hazard Occupancies
Table [Link].1 Hazen–Williams C Values
Group 2 Unlined cast or ductile iron
Asphalt saturating Black steel (dry systems including preaction)
Flammable liquids spraying Black steel (wet systems including deluge)
Flow coating Galvanized steel (dry systems including preaction)
Manufactured home Galvanized steel (wet systems including deluge)
Open oil quenching Plastic (listed) all
Plastics processing Cement-lined cast- or ductile iron
Solvent cleaning Copper tube or stainless steel
Varnish and paint dipping Asbestos cement
Concrete
Table [Link] Sprinkler Discharge Characteristics Identification
Nominal Percent of
Nominal K-Factor Range
K-Factor K-Factor Range Nominal
K-Factor [L/min/
[L/min/ [gpm/(psi)1/2] K-5.6
[gpm/(psi)1/2] (bar)1/2] Discharge
(bar)1/2]
100 1.4 20.0 1.3–1.5 19–22 25.0
100 1.9 28.0 1.8–2.0 26–29 33.3
120 2.8 40.0 2.6-2.9 38–42 50.0
100 4.2 61.0 4.0-4.4 57-63 75.0
120 5.6 81.0 5.3-5.8 76-84 100.0
150 8.0 115.0 7.4-8.2 107-118 140.0
140 0.0
150 0
140 11.2 160.0 10.7-11.7 159-166 200.0
140 0.0
0.0
14.0 200.0 13.5-14.5 195-209 250.0
16.8 240.0 16.0-17.6 231-254 300.0
19.6 280.0 18.6-20.6 272-301 350.0
22.4 320.0 21.3-23.5 311-343 400.0
25.2 360.0 23.9-26.5 349-387 450.0
28.0 400.0 26.6-29.4 389-430 500.0
Thread
Type
1⁄2 in. NPT
1⁄2 in. NPT
1⁄2 in. NPT
1⁄2 in. NPT
1⁄2 in. NPT
3/4 in. NPT
or
1⁄2 in. NPT
1⁄2 in. NPT
or
3⁄4 in. NPT
3⁄4 in. NPT
3⁄4 in. NPT
1 in. NPT
2 in. NPT
3 in. NPT
4 in. NPT
Table [Link].1(a) Protection Areas and Maximum Spacing of Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers for Light Haza
Construction Type
Noncombustible unobstructed
Noncombustible unobstructed
Noncombustible obstructed
Noncombustible obstructed
Combustible unobstructed with no exposed members
Combustible unobstructed with no exposed members
Combustible unobstructed with exposed members 3 ft (0.91 m) or more on center
Combustible unobstructed with exposed members 3 ft (0.91 m) or more on center
Combustible unobstructed with members less than 3 ft (0.91 m) on center
Combustible obstructed with exposed members 3 ft (0.91 m) or more on center
Combustible obstructed with members less than 3 ft (0.91 m) on cente
Combustible concealed spaces in accordance with [Link].4
*See [Link].4.4.
Table [Link].1(b) Protection Areas and
Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sp
endent and Upright Spray Sprinklers for Light Hazard Hazard
Maximum
Maximum Spacing Constructi System
System Type Protection Area
on Type Type
ft2 m2 ft2 m2
Hydraulically calculated 225 20.9 15 4.6 All All
Pipe schedule 220 18.6 15 4.6
Hydraulically calculated 225 20.9 15 4.6
Pipe schedule 200 18.6 15 4.6
Hydraulically calculated 225 20.9 15 4.6
Pipe schedule 200 18.6 15 4.6
Hydraulically calculated 225 20.9 15 4.6
Pipe schedule 200 18.6 15 4.6
All 130 12.1 15 4.6
All 168 15.6 15 4.6
All 130 12.1 15 4.6
All 120 11.1 15 4.6
Parallel to Parallel to
the slope the slope
10 3.05
perpendic perpendic
ular to the ular to the
slop * slop *
2.2.1(b) Protection Areas and Maximum Spacing of Table [Link].1(c) Protection Areas and Maximum Spacing of Standa
Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers for Ordinary for Extra Hazard
Maximum
Maximum Spacing Constructi
Protection Area
on Type
ft2 m2 ft2 m2
130 12.1 15 4.6 All
All
All
*In buildings where solid structural members create bays up to 25 ft (
sprinklers is permitted up to 12 ft 6 in. (3.8 m).
Table [Link].1(c) Protection Areas and Maximum Spacing of Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers
for Extra Hazard
Maximum
Maximum Spacing
System Type Protection Area
ft2 m2 ft2 m2
Pipe schedule 90 8.4 12* 3.7*
Hydraulically calculated with density ≥0.25 100 9.3 12* 3.7*
Hydraulically calculated with density <0.25 130 12.1 15 4.6
*In buildings where solid structural members create bays up to 25 ft (7.6 m) wide, maximum spacing between
sprinklers is permitted up to 12 ft 6 in. (3.8 m).
Table [Link].1(d) Protection Areas and Maximum Spacing of Standard Pendent and Upright Spray
Sprinklers for High-Piled Storage
Maximum
Constructi Maximum Spacing
System Type Protection Area
on Type
ft2 m2 ft2 m2
All Hydraulically calculated with density ≥0.25 100 9.3 12* 3.7*
All Hydraulically calculated with density <0.25 130 12.1 15 4.6
*In buildings where solid structural members create bays up to 25 ft (7.6 m) wide, maximum spacing
between sprinklers is permitted up to 12 ft 6 in. (3.8 m).
Table [Link].1 Equivalent Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Length Chart
Fittings and valves Expressed in Equivlant F
1/2 in. 3/4 in. 1 in. 1 1/4 in. 1 1/2 in.
fittings and valves (15mm) (20mm) (25mm) (32mm) (40mm)
45° elbow - 1 1 1 2
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6
90° standard elbow 1 2 2 3 4
0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2
90° long-turn elbow 0.5 1 2 2 2
0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.6
Tee or cross (flow turned 90°) 3 4 5 6 8
0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.4
Butterfly valve - - - - -
Gate valve - - - - -
Swing check* - - 5 7 9
1.5 2.1 2.7
none
For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m.
Note: Information on 1⁄2 in. pipe is included in this table only because it is allowed under [Link] and [Link].
*Due to the variation in design of swing check valves, the pipe equivalents indicated in this table are considered av
nd valves Expressed in Equivlant Feet (Meters) of Pipe
2 in. 2 1/2 in. 3 in. 3 1/2 in. 4 in. 5 in. 6 in. 8 in. 10 in.
(50mm) (65mm) (80mm) (90mm) (100mm) (125mm) (150mm) (200mm) (250mm)
2 3 3 3 4 5 7 9 11
0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.5 2.1 2.7 3.4
5 6 7 8 10 12 14 18 22
1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 3 3.7 4.3 5.5 6.7
3 4 5 5 6 8 9 13 16
0.9 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.4 2.7 4 4.9
10 12 15 17 20 25 30 35 50
3 3.7 4.6 5.2 6.1 7.6 9.1 10.7 15.2
6 7 10 - 12 9 10 12 19
1.8 2.1 3 3.7 2.7 3 3.7 5.8
1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5
11 14 16 19 22 27 32 45 55
3.4 4.3 4.9 5.8 6.7 8.2 9.5 13.7 16.8
none
ed under [Link] and [Link]. 45° elbow
ated in this table are considered average. 90° standard elbow
90° long-turn elbow
Tee or cross (flow turned 90°)
Butterfly valve
Gate valve
Swing check*
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diameter Transverse Areas
(in) (in2)
Nominal
Pipe Size Thickness
(in)
External Internal External
12 in. 1/2 in. 0.84 0.62 0.11 0.55
(300mm) 3/4 in. 1.05 0.82 0.11 0.87
13 1 in. 1.32 1.05 0.13 1.36
4 1 1/4 in. 1.66 1.38 0.14 2.16
27 1 1/2 in. 1.9 1.61 0.15 2.84
8.2 2 in. 2.38 2.07 0.15 4.43
18 2 1/2 in. 2.88 2.47 0.2 6.49
5.5 3 in. 3.5 3.07 0.22 9.62
60 3 1/2 in. 4 3.55 0.23 12.56
18.3 4 in. 4.5 4.03 0.24 15.9
21 5 in. 5.56 5.05 0.26 24.3
6.4 6 in. 6.63 6.07 0.28 34.47
6 8 in. 8.63 7.98 0.32 58.42
1.8 10 in. 10.75 10.02 0.37 90.76
65 12 in. 12.75 11.94 0.41 127.64
20
Based on ASTM A53 - Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coa
ASTM A53 pipe - also referred to as ASME SA53 pipe - is intended for mechanical and pressu
Suitable for welding and forming like coiling, bending and flanging.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transverse Areas Length of Pipe Weight
(in2) (per sq. foot of)
Number of
Volume Threads
External (ft3/ft) per inch of
Internal Screw
Internal Steel Surface Surface (ft) lb/ft kg/m
(ft)
0.3 0.25 4.55 6.14 0.0021 0.85 1.26 14
0.53 0.33 3.64 4.64 0.0037 1.13 1.68 14
0.86 0.49 2.9 3.64 0.006 1.68 2.5 11 ½
1.5 0.67 2.3 2.77 0.0104 2.27 3.38 11 ½
2.04 0.8 2.01 2.37 0.0141 2.72 4.04 11 ½
3.36 1.08 1.61 1.85 0.0233 3.65 5.43 11 ½
4.79 1.7 1.33 1.55 0.0333 5.79 8.62 8
7.39 2.23 1.09 1.25 0.0513 7.58 11.27 8
9.89 2.68 0.95 1.08 0.0687 9.11 13.56 8
12.73 3.17 0.85 0.95 0.0884 10.79 16.06 8
20 4.3 0.69 0.76 0.1389 14.61 21.74 8
28.89 5.58 0.58 0.63 0.2006 18.97 28.23 8
50.02 8.4 0.44 0.48 0.3552 28.55 42.49 8
78.85 11.9 0.36 0.38 0.5476 40.48 60.24 8
111.9 15.74 0.3 0.32 0.7763 53.6 79.77 8
ack and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
ded for mechanical and pressure applications. Can be used in steam, water, gas and air lines.
g.
