Explain basic operations CRUD in MongoDB.
CRUD operations in MongoDB refer to the basic operations you can perform on documents in a
MongoDB database.
MongoDB (NoSQL) - Key Features
1. Schema-less:
MongoDB is a schema-less database, meaning you can store heterogeneous data in the same
collection without a predefined schema. Each document can have its own structure.
Example:
{ "name": "Alice", "age": 30 }
{ "name": "Bob", "email": "bob@[Link]" }
2. Document-Oriented:
MongoDB stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. These documents can contain nested
sub-documents and arrays, allowing for a rich data structure.
Example:
{ "name": "John", "address": { "city": "New York", "zip": "10001" },"hobbies": ["reading",
"gaming"] }
3. Scalability:
MongoDB is built for horizontal scalability through:
Sharding: Splits data across multiple servers.
Replication: Maintains multiple copies of data for high availability and fault tolerance.
It is ideal for large-scale applications with high throughput needs.
4. Query Language:
MongoDB uses a query language based on JavaScript, with JSON-like syntax and powerful
operators.
Example: [Link]({ age: { $gt: 25 } });
5. Use Cases:
MongoDB is well-suited for:
Real-time analytics
Content management systems
Mobile and web applications
Projects requiring flexible schemas and rapid development
Mongosh show dbs
// Syntax to create a collection: [Link](name, options);\
// Example: [Link]("users");
1. Create (C)
To create a new document or insert data into a collection:
[Link]({ key: value });
// Example: [Link]({ name: "Alice", age: 30, email: "alice@[Link]" });
You can also insert multiple documents at once using insertMany():
[Link]([
{ key1: value1 },
{ key2: value2 },
// More documents...
]);
// Example:
[Link]([
{ name: "Bob", age: 25, email: "bob@[Link]" },
{ name: "Charlie", age: 35, email: "charlie@[Link]" }
]);
2. Read (R)
To retrieve or read documents from a collection:
// Find all documents in a collection [Link]();
// Find documents that match a specific condition [Link]({ condition });
// Example: [Link](); // Find all documents in the 'users' collection
[Link]({ age: { $gt: 25 } }); // Find users where age is greater than 25
3. Update (U)
To update existing documents in a collection:
// Update a single document that matches a condition
[Link]({ filter }, { $set: { update } });
// Update multiple documents that match a condition
[Link]({ filter }, { $set: { update } });
// Example: [Link]({ name: "Alice" }, { $set: { age: 31 } }); // Update Alice's age
to 31
[Link]({ age: { $lt: 30 } }, { $inc: { age: 1 } }); // Increment age by
1 for all users under 30
4. Delete (D)
To delete documents from a collection:
// Delete a single document that matches a condition
[Link]({ filter });
// Delete all documents that match a condition
[Link]({ filter });
// Example:
[Link]({ name: "Bob" }); // Delete the document where name is Bob
[Link]({ age: { $gte: 40 } }); // Delete all users who are 40 years or
older
