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The document discusses the fundamental concepts of probability, including definitions, sample spaces, events, and types of probabilities such as conditional and independent events. It explains how probabilities are calculated and the significance of random variables in statistical analysis. Additionally, it covers examples and applications of probability in real-world scenarios.
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SY UbY
detimittonr of P2pbeibl {ae
LD Gees =
Bask
|
EX Pe same + —
3 c adistvom | Prebe bility —
4 imAerendem+ evemt$
sll Raye ule =
Se Besmorutey tedar
ES Random vestebles
& | Atscmeerte tandem vastablé
4. Probst babilisy mnasé functvor.
Lo Coma LOU. eaumdanyn vardabl ee
{ P2ebe bile den rey, FITC Lory Ve
| |_cusmattbive dis tat paliien funch'eyL
[ Pro PempveR ot Cusmrlet tty € ots tlbuty
frum cde, = wv[ cooatuck |Poo
| defimition? Of Probability
41 IM omeccthermnctl(es 4 i+ 7s used -to
Predict how likely eVemts awe to
harPes
—}+ perobcibiliy wangye Frown 0 +01
oO ommernms inmmnPossi b1e_
1 mens cesteutfar event
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_ event +o OCccuUeT
pwobabilisies aqwre usuatty) exfwessec)
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= probabi las. orks . ine
a
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bit meme 6+ then can be predicted _
! lth Ceeteaim by ts called a wandow1_
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| associated —oith _cr_sam pie space —_
al i AM dow ExPeat ~~
en comditiomal Propabiity
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TT
val
bal
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he Poeobabilyty of deci 4
fa qurem amasua king feos] ot Pacis
| the caras are mor being _wreplace d
lop Cords fm tr 0 COT Uttyre clweycety :
IPC Tyee 1
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2 sl
= _O,o00¢
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[
o
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Have equar numbex of SAM PIL Poing
3
=
ee
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p__cam't occyus +osether
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r
| =
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| Fereaab|e evenpr.
the eX Pew ment eee alee
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| B= «<1,3, sy os
co. = 2) 3,55 Gxaustve
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event:
ic osm Paaysaid — GCayenyie ees —
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ame. sample Ppormt it fs came cd —_
am Pound Gvern+ 4 . =
Bayes mye.
amuwLeiPle. event axe hePmimy :
Ai1 Ao 1Az are depend om 8
event and B devemd om A tom,
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: Pon) = Pp CBA) 43
PCRa) + PC BIA
P03) 2 2 ¢B) As).
Ex. 1
A comPany aan. elamnts Fo
mmamufectuxe hy drow re amachimes
Plant 4 manmufeety yes to ts Of _———mndnuferctures 20 7
I N
hy dew omlte srr. achinieie
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At Play oy
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ced uaty ang at Plant 2°
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Soy, |
r ~ :
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AN@UtY . what fs the chance Het fy
has come from Plans 14
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—}-—_Par=pesin + pear pcsig)
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| Bewmoumt triaee :
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a ——_ be fete o% nom Defeep ve. __ —
a!
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a 4) _ he Peebettiy oF succes
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ia _@eich tedar —_
s1 LNT PLE =
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oH &
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aftew euch drow the bee daaw>.
(a c ae weplaced
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Rill FR Ay G Bowens i ee
— anal Tb ats = -
Sian wepiaced > © Finite +eiars cs 0)
MG Ne Pe dein t 2 vert
with RePiqcemenf
Sata G pcr) = a
le JDCG) mor wrepia ced.
mo ¢@.T)
Cp»
=
i
1
i
i
Sj Numbew is Vaviables
—
oe
ee Triqt P= Z%
Ds erat Pit Gat
—@_ nor Indervendaunt
i
Random _Vazia bles. Sy when time.
‘ cCoim loo Tess > Head
Heetd obteuined
= 53 -» How MUCK vifrective:
bag 2 : How muck Jood :
Chamy number One? Aa sed
Ths mubes is ASSoCa ted cadith sme,
BaNdomM. CX Pewiqnent_ at o
There! s Why we say Random.
WaoPobe” =X _¢ capiteet, 20)
3) functton_
ficec Wee any
Ml KEE Dt Reps gn
1
eS No
sample
Srace
POTN BGs.See ZO. =e Seans [rs ee
7 iss - oe 7
cB ate ce ai eiearees
= 6 oe peo Mes eee em yec
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Yorlaled _Fruaqctioyy emhase dommearn.
isthe sam pie _sPace at a wandqnrt
Exam? e+)
ti tassim9 a Coin oo tHme.
_ tte = Hi HT gs TH y TTY
et Xs a rasg dem yada b! a es
mePmesent¢s mo Of Heods Fou Cocp
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ye ey
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|
Att | be a womdomn Vvariabit- ——
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bets for goat aaikcomge
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Sc! = Ores a
YCTAS. !
7 T= are ge ee ay
€=lol discevete and con+imucus
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—_1_]| discaett wamdom _vaatables
—___|_ ss these ame the wanda
= VarmMables » whteh can +elre on. esGoodLuck | Pogen
1
onl —-Finfte maumbes of vetlwes jar
- a. Fimite obseavation iMtesvcl, So
Le Cam Say thas diseveke Andon
Variable hes. dt stainct Veelwes they zg
| Cem be coum ed. abies 2
i Com Jimucu RS Randown. Varietbles j~
—||- — A_sumdaom variable Hrett: tunes
—lom_an imfinize mnumbes of Vatiyes
Its Knawn— asd continous. vunden,
i Varrable. Many PAYS icett systemny s_
| can Prodaice ImFrmike NO. Of Ot ~omMs
em id) fimi+e time of Obseevertion
IN Such co rt8 we Are ConHNUGUS
Sa dom variables +o cdefime cittcame,
Of _SUCh sys bewmart_____
Paobctheubi WHY amass funct'cn_cpeme£)
_A@k xX be_a_ Piscrek_ Random _Vverrvabie
-| SUCh-Fheek POX =X) = PI them Pris
| Sard --o_ bé_ Prabeibate hy amass functor
cp ref) ifit ee COMH I Hen
{ SB Jue yap + se a 9
2) gp a4 a4
SS 233 Hien CL Ferm re tia
> Mee 9 POT ATA TH FUT TAT
= ELS Ta Bd Fl pw 7 Soi ae i oo Le
H_ACS)) “8 pba oa
| X C42) = %CS3) = ¥CSa) > Ae
IL yc sss) a XCS@).= X_ C54) =
oy. ($9). On ) EE ttsvO of Hectd)
ae
| Wemre pryo
Coa ee
LL Ss
| = : : =
= | Perobob lity cern 7 py fu ee
, Leck ar rear Pambei bi litt __
| fume tien fm the imtermval CAshbd —
ahem +tn€ Pooba bitty +daeit thre
Variable vatue x ‘to ute tm the
Imtervet Carb 7 aiven bY 5 i
i}
| ea pc a sox Sbo5 foo. oo
€ fumcton forj. ta cajied. &
i Peobabnity clemciry fumcrien it
pst amd emi Pe the to tet) pon ba bilt o 2h
i.¢—uant
~ fest ol) 1s Pat ~ —
pe se lia
Date
7 aE
a fod = fj excl = )alae
eS :
Lee [ac = #]- ~
2s Ty = my a
= TT,
f~md _+he vaetue ot kK fer>
=h-@€_ Pd € :
fey = Tk @ Loc< 3
= —. othercy ie.
| And Commparee PCR 22) Also
Limd the ai ee ee
tmce,
Se PN cots Te ORE SY era ae= & th es Fh .
oa see 2 pte Mle
CUM UeclhVe Distr bittio
£armcHom _¢ ep)
COf of a tandem yamaqble x
fg the Pao ba bility -+heet co} _aeandomq_
vartabre—_te1Kes vertue Less the
6m erudt +e _.< ee a8
Hips ae ee pevoac eat
Propesdres ST
Tt cam be defined Foo d tserete_
as weet AS toMHiTNUSUsS wamdem1
[Vein qb Les os —_——T+ jis _also-cartted_ Prob bile
dist cbertion fuimetion om simn Ply
1 Some pte
OS co
fy (oD) = 1 ana fx (=)
a ei VE Probe biliigy distai by Hern
Fy (x, S$ fy cra fe 20) £ x04 a
COf IS A rammo-+tme mon-d LOSS hp
fume+iem. :
TH yx @ 025 ey 1 3 61,5 22h 25,
Fx(x)=0 p= 28 L$ 6 3c y
uw
PCREAGY FX VPC Sey
= — =
| 2454 Xs $e. a
+— 2
+ 4 Exratam Ph eo as
\ Tass Three_coim i
coe Ramdomn varabie = x :
Yb Pega eg a eats =
Eco) See thes da nee
Regu k=
RB Ny: a a
: Ls pPMtu ¥ soit ae
Cum Ubective dtsted bution FumMcH'ory
FCKD a
FU) = PON Se) £ SS Seep
geo 4Foo) = oO 2 ee 5c < 5tj
f cacy) 2c, SC oc one
Fcr.) + (x2) Deane soot
i
FOU) + ++ £(%my) 2m
| fst) (.6 cept (9) snomatones
mem, decteu sing function Of sc
he te +