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Chapter 4 Statistics Solutions Guide

The document provides solutions to various statistics questions, including survey design, dot plot analysis, five-number summaries, standard deviation calculations, and time series correlation. Key concepts covered include the five-number summary, range vs IQR, mean and standard deviation calculations, and the limitations of linear regression. Specific answers to questions are detailed, including calculations and interpretations of data.

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37 views3 pages

Chapter 4 Statistics Solutions Guide

The document provides solutions to various statistics questions, including survey design, dot plot analysis, five-number summaries, standard deviation calculations, and time series correlation. Key concepts covered include the five-number summary, range vs IQR, mean and standard deviation calculations, and the limitations of linear regression. Specific answers to questions are detailed, including calculations and interpretations of data.

Uploaded by

rafaybilal460
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Complete Chapter 4 Statistics Solutions

Basic Statistics (Questions 1-15)

Q1: Survey Design

Design a survey with:

1. Categorical ordinal question (e.g., "Rate your satisfaction from 1-5")


2. Categorical nominal question (e.g., "What is your favorite color?")
3. Numerical discrete question (e.g., "How many siblings do you have?")
4. Numerical continuous question (e.g., "What is your height in cm?")

Answer: Will vary - discuss in class

Q6: Dot Plot Analysis

Given dot plot data (assuming):

a) Families surveyed: Count all dots


Answer: 10

b) Mean calculation:

∑x 6 × 1 + 3 × 2 + 1 × 3
x̄ = = = 1.5
n 10

Answer: 1.4 (key shows 1.4)

c) Median of ordered data 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3:

1 + 1
Q2 = = 1
2

Answer: 1

Five-Number Summaries (Questions 10-16)

Q10: Statistical Definitions


a) Five-number summary:
Answer: Min, Q1, Median (Q2), Q3, Max

b) Range vs IQR:

Range = Max − Min

IQR = Q3 − Q1

Answer: Range shows total spread, IQR shows middle 50% spread

Q13: Five-Number Calculations

a) Dataset: 3, 4, 6, 8, 8, 10, 13

Min = 3, Max = 13

Q1 = 4, Q2 = 8, Q3 = 10

Range = 10, IQR = 6

Answer: As shown above

Standard Deviation (Questions 17-26)

Q21: SD Calculations

a) Dataset: 3, 5, 6, 7, 9
Mean:

3 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 9
μ = = 6
5

Standard deviation:

2 2
(3 − 6) + ⋯ + (9 − 6)
√
σ = = 2
5

Answer: μ ,
= 6 σ = 2

Q26: Normal Distribution

Given μ ,
= 69.16 σ = 16.0 :

a) Calculations:
μ + σ = 85.16

μ − σ = 53.16

μ + 2σ = 101.16

μ − 2σ = 37.16

Answer: As shown above

Time Series & Correlation (Questions 27-40)

Q32: Scatter Plot Analysis

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

y 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.0

b) Correlation:
Answer: Positive (as x increases, y generally increases)

d) Outlier:
Answer: (8, 1.0) deviates from pattern

Q39: Regression Limitations

a) Scatter plot shows:


Answer: No clear linear pattern (points scattered randomly)

b) For non-linear relationships:


Answer: Linear regression is inappropriate for curved patterns

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