Asia Pac. J. Math.

2024 11:70

ON FUZZY SOFT −(α, β) − n− NORMAL OPERATOR

WIJDAN ABBAS KADHIM∗ , HADEEL ALI SHUBBER

Department of Mathematics, College of Education, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, Iraq

∗
Corresponding author: Wejdanabbas.23ma5@[Link]

Received May 21, 2024

Abstract. This work defines an operator T operating on a Hilbert space as f s − (α, β) − n− Normal
operator 0 ≤ α ≤ 1 ≤ β if α2 T ∗ T n ≤ T n T ∗ ≤ β 2 T ∗ T n for real number, α, β and give some properties
and application of f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator. We set the commutativity condition in order to
prove that S1 S2 and (S + T ) are a f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator. We also added a condition for direct
sum and direct multiplication to his proof f s − (α, β)− n− Normal operator.
So, We established several disparities between the f s− Normal operator with its numerical radius of
f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator in Hilbert spaces.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 47S40.
Key words and phrases. fuzzy soft Normal operator; fuzzy soft n-normal operator; (α, β)− normal operator;
(α, β)− n− normal operator; fuzzy soft −(α, β) − n− normal operator.

1. Introduction

The fuzzy set theory, first developed by Zadeh [22], has been widely proposed in several prior
research. Let X be represented by a fuzzy set whose function from X to [0, 1] is well-defined. The
resulting theory was named the theory of fuzzy sets. It quickly gained recognition as an extremely
helpful method for solving situations involving ambiguity. Additionally, Molodsov created new sets in
Form [17] that were known as "soft sets."
Subsequently, a number of researchers also presented new, refined ideas derived from soft sets. Since
then, it has been used to tackle difficult problems in disciplines including computer science, engineering,
and medicine. A soft set is a parameterized collection of a universal set. After that, the concept of a
soft set was expanded to encompass a number of functional analytic mathematical concepts, giving
rise to concepts like soft points. Furthermore, the study examined their characteristics, including soft
points, of which instances can be found in [1], [20], [3], and [21] for soft-normed space, the soft inner

DOI: 10.28924/APJM/11-70

©2024 Asia Pacific Journal of Mathematics

1
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 2 of 10

product space, and soft Hilbert spaces, respectively. Many searchers, like Maji [18], combined fuzzy
and soft sets to define fuzzy soft sets. Terms such as fuzzy soft normed space in [12] and fuzzy soft
point in [2] are provided by the study.
The fuzzy soft inner product space and fuzzy soft Hilbert space [13] were recently provided by Faried
et al. There is also the fuzzy soft linear operator available [4]. In [5], the characteristics of the fuzzy
soft self adjoint operator were examined.
S. Dawood and A. Qassim examined and talked about a novel kind of normal operator called the
fuzzy soft normal operator. They also gave certain characteristics along with the operator’s description.
Furthermore, there have been provided theorems on the fuzzy soft normal operator. Additionally,
in [4], they introduced the connection between this operator and other sorts. Some fuzzy, soft notions
were introduced by S. Dawood and H. Khalid. The study examined a broader type of hyponormal
worker known as the soft fuzzy soft M of hyponormal worker in [5]. They also discussed several
important elements of this operator and a number of hypotheses pertaining to it. The hyponormal
operator was characterized in fuzzy soft Hilbert space.
Therefore, Fuzzy soft n normal operators hence pique the interest of many research projects [14].
invested in a fuzzy soft ( n − N
e )- quasi normal operator, a type of soft quasi-normal operator, in [15].
 
Some generalizations of fuzzy soft k∧∗ − Â -quasinormal operators in fuzzy soft Hilbert space were
researched by Salim Dawood [10]. Further research on the (α, β)-Normal operator in Hilbert spaces
is also done in [11]. Additionally, research In [19], m-Quasi-Totally - (α, β) Normal operators are
discussed. Additionally, establish distinct inequalities in Hilbert spaces between the worker norm and
the numerical radius of the −(α, β)-Normal Ordinary operator [6].
Numerous research studies are fascinated by fuzzy soft n normal operators in [14]. Invested in a
 
Salim Dawood studied Some generalizations of fuzzy soft k∧∗ − Â -quasi-normal operators in fuzzy
soft Hilbert space [10]. And they study more on (α, β)-Normal operator in Hilbert spaces in [11]. Also
studied On m-Quasi-Totyally −(α, β)-Normal operators in [19]. And Establish different inequities
between worker norm and numerical radius of −(α, β)-Normal Ordinary operator in Hilbert spaces
in [6].
In this paper we define f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator and give some properties and application
of f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator. We give condition commuting to prove product two operators
and sum two operators that f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operators, and also we prove direct sum and
direct multiplication.
Establish numerous disparities between the f s− Normal operator with its numerical radius of
f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator on Hilbert spaces. For this objective, we use certain traditional
disparities between Vectors of disease in a within product space.
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 3 of 10

2. Main Result

We define f s − (α, β) − n − N orml operator, and we have presented some theories to prove it
f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator on Hilbert spaces

Definition 2.1. Let T be f s − n− Normal operator Then T is called as f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator if
for real numbers, α, β with 0 ≤ α ≤ 1 ≤ β
Then
α2 T ∗ T n ≤ T n T ∗ ≤ β 2 T ∗ T n (2.1)

Theorem 2.1. If S1 , S2 are double commuting f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator , then S1 S2 is an f s −

(α, β) − n− Normal operator .

Proof.
1
α2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n = α2 (S2∗ S1∗ S1n S2n ) ≤ (S n S n S ∗ S ∗ )
α2 1 2 2 1
1
≤ 2 (S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗
α
Then
1
α2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n ≤ 2
(S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗
α
Thus

α4 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n ≤ (S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗ (2.2)

1
β 2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n = β 2 (S2∗ S1∗ S1n S2n ) ≥ (S n S n S ∗ S ∗ )
β2 1 2 2 1
1
≥ 2 (S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗
β
Moreover
1
β 2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n ≥ (S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗
β2
Therefore
(S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗ ≤ β 2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n (2.3)

From (2.2) (2.3) we get

α2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n ≤ (S1 S2 )n (S1 S2 )∗ ≤ β 2 (S1 S2 )∗ (S1 S2 )n (2.4)

So S1 S2 is f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator 

Proposition 2.2. Let T, S is be a commuting f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator such that (S + T )∗ commuting
with n−1 n
P
n−k k
k=1 k S T Then (S + T ) is an f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator.
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 4 of 10

Proof.
n  
!
X n
α2 (S + T )∗ (S + T )n = α2 (S ∗ + T ∗ ) S n−k T k
k
k=0
n−1
!
X 
n n−k k
= α2 (S ∗ S n + (S + T )∗ ) S T + S ∗ T n + T∗ S n + T∗ Tn
k
k=1


Pn−1
And since (S + T )∗ is commuting with n
S n−k T k


k=1 k
n−1
X 
∗ ∗ n n−k k
2 n
α (S + T ) (S + T ) ≤ (S + T ) (S + T ) + n n
S T (S + T )∗
k
k=1
n   !
X n n−k k
≤ S T (S + T )∗
k
k=0

Then

α2 (S + T )∗ (S + T )n ≤(S + T )n (S + T )∗ (2.5)
n  
!
2 ∗ n 2 ∗
X n n−k k
∗
β ((S + T ) (S + T ) ) = β (S + T ) S T
k
k=0
n−1
!
X 
n n−k k
= β 2 (S ∗ S n + (S + T )∗ ) S T + S∗T n + T ∗Sn + T ∗T n
k
k=1
Pn−1
And since (S + T )∗ is commuting with n
S n−k T k


k=1 k
n−1
!

n n−k k X
2 ∗ n n ∗ ∗ n ∗ n ∗ n ∗
β (S + T ) (S + T ) ≥ S S + S T (S + T ) + T S + S T + T T
k
k=1
n−1
!
X  n
n n ∗ n−k k ∗
≥ (S + T ) (S + T ) + S T (S + T )
k
k=1
n   !
X n
≥ S n−k T k (S + T )∗
k
k=0

Then
β 2 (S + T )∗ (S + T )n ≥ (S + T )n (S + T )∗ (2.6)

So
From (2.5),(2.6) we get

α2 (S + T )∗ (S + T )n ≤ (S + T )n (S + T )∗ ≤ β 2 (S + T )∗ (S + T )n

Thus, (S + T ) is an f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator

Theorem 2.3. Let T1 . . . . . . .Tm to commute f s−(α, β)−n− Normal operator in B(H) then (T1 ⊕ . . . . . . ⊕ Tm )
are f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator.
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 5 of 10

Proof.

α2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n

= α2 (T1∗ T1n ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm
∗ n
Tm )

≤ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗

Then

α2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n ≤ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (2.7)

β 2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n = β 2 (T1∗ T1n ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm

∗ n
Tm )

≥ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗

Thus
β 2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n ≥ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (2.8)

From (2.7) (2.8) we get

α2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n

≤ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗

≤ β 2 (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm )n

Hence (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊕ Tm ) is f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator 

Theorem 2.4. Let T1 . . . . . . Tm to commute f s−(α, β)−n− Normal operator in B(H) then (T1 ⊗ . . . . . . . ⊗ Tm )
are f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator.

Proof.

α2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n = α2 (T1∗ T1n ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm

∗ n
Tm )

≤ (T1n T1∗ ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm Tm ) ≤ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n (T ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗

n ∗

Then

α2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n ≤ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (2.9)

β 2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n

= β 2 (T1∗ T1n ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm
∗ n
Tm ) ≥ (T1n T1∗ ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm
n ∗
Tm )

≥ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗

Then
β 2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n ≥ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (2.10)
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 6 of 10

From (2.9) (2.10) we get

α2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n

≤ (T1 ⊕ . . . ⊗ Tm )n (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗

≤ β 2 (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )∗ (T1 ⊗ . . . ⊗ Tm )n

Then (T1 ⊗ . . . . ⊗ Tm ) is f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator 

Theorem 2.5. Let T be f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator such that T 2m is f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator
for every n ∈ N . Then, we have β (T ∗ T n ) ≤ r (T ∗ T n ) ≤ (T ∗ T n ).

Proof. By the definition of f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator, we have

IF m = 1, then
 2m
 1 1
T ∗2m T n = (T ∗ T ∗ T n T n ) ≥ 2
(T ∗ T n T ∗ T n ) ≥ 2 (T ∗ T n )2
β β
IF m = 2, then
 4 4 1
T ∗ T n = (T ∗ T ∗ T ∗ T ∗ T n T n T n T n ) ≥ 2 (T ∗ T ∗ T ∗ T n T ∗ T n T n T n ) (2.11)
β
1 1
≥ 4 (T ∗ T ∗ T n T ∗ T ∗ T n T n T n ) ≥ 6 (T ∗ T n T ∗ T ∗ T ∗ T n T n T n ) (2.12)
β β
1 1
≥ 8 (T ∗ T n T ∗ T ∗ T n T ∗ T n T n ) ≥ 10 (T ∗ T n T ∗ T n T ∗ T ∗ T n T n ) (2.13)
β β
1
≥ 12 (T ∗ T n T ∗ T n T ∗ T n T ∗ T n ) (2.14)
β
Then
 4 4
 1
T∗ Tn ≥ (T ∗ T n )4
β 12
Using induction on n, we infer
 2m 2m
 1
T∗ ,Tn ≥ (T ∗ T n )2m
β 2m(2m−1)
From which, we get
h i 1
∗ n ∗ ∗ 2mnn 2m 2m
r (T T ) = r (T ) r (T ) = lim (T ) (T )
m→∞
1
h 2m 2m i 1 
1

2m
∗ n 2m ∗ n 2m
≥ lim T T ≥ lim (T T )
m→∞ m→∞ β 2m(2m−1)
  1
1 1 ∗ n 2m
2m
≥ lim (T T ) ≥ β (T ∗ T n )
β −1 m→∞ β 2m−1
Therefore, we get
β (T ∗ T n ) ≤ r (T ∗ T n ) ≤ (T ∗ T n )


Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 7 of 10

Theorem 2.6. Take T ∈ B(H) be an f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator, if 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 or p ≥ 2, Then we’ve

 p
(T ∗ T n + T n T ∗ )2 + (T ∗ T n − T n T ∗ )2

2 
≥ (T ∗ T n )2p ϕ(α, p) Where ϕ(α, p) = 2p 1 + α2p + 2p − 22 α2p (2.15)

Proof. We apply the following discrepancy [18, Theorem 8, page 551]

p
(a + b)2 + (a − b)2 ≥ 2p ((a)p + (b)p )2 + 2p − 22 ((a)p (b)p ) (2.16)

In a Hilbert space, a and b are two vectors and 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 or p ≥ 2 Now, let’s place a = T ∗ T n x and
b = T n T ∗ x in (2.16)
Then we get
 P
(T ∗ T n x + T n T ∗ x)2 + (T ∗ T n x − T n T ∗ x)2

≥ 2p ((T ∗ T n x)p + (T n T ∗ x)p )2 + 2p − 22 (T ∗ T n x)p (T n T ∗ x)p

 
∗ n 2p 2p 2 ∗ n 2p
p p 2
(2.17)


2p
≥ 2 (T T x) 1 + α + 2 − 2 α ((T T x))
 
2 
= 2p (T ∗ T n x)2p 1 + α2p + 2p − 22 α2p

= (T ∗ T n χ)2p ϕ(α, p)

Now ,
 p
(T ∗ T n + T n T ∗ )2 + (T ∗ T n − T n T ∗ )2 ≥ ((T ∗ T n ))2p ϕ(α, p)

2
2p 
where ϕ(α, p) = 2p 1+α 2p p
+ 2 −2 α 2 

Theorem 2.7. Assume that T ∈ B(H) be an f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator, if N (T n ) = 0

Additionally, Regarding any x ∈ H with
 ∗ n n ∗x

We’ve got (TT nTT ∗ x)
x
− (TT ∗ TT n x) ≤ρ

Then, we have α2 ((T ∗ T n ))2 ≤ ω ((T n T ∗ )∗ (T n T ∗ )) + 12 ρ2 β 2 (T ∗ T n x)2

Proof. We apply as follows inverse of the Schwarz inequality:

 
1 2
(0 ≤ ab) − |ha, bi| ≤ ab − Reha, bi ≤ ρ (ab) (2.18)
2
 
Which is true for a, b ∈ H/0 and ρ > 0, with (b) a b
− (a) ≤ ρ (notice [9]).
We utilize a = T ∗ T n x and b = T n T ∗ x in (2.18) to get

1
(T ∗ T n x) ((T n T ∗ x)) ≤ |hT ∗ T n x, T n T ∗ xi| + ρ2 ((T ∗ T n x) (T n T ∗ x) (2.19)
2
Thus, we obtain
Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 8 of 10

1
α2 ((T ∗ T n x))2 ≤ |hT ∗ T n x, T n T ∗ xi| + ρ2 β 2 ((T ∗ T n x))2 (2.20)
2
n ∗ ∗ 1 2 2
≤ |h(T T ) (T T ) x, xi| + ρ β ((T T x))2
n ∗ ∗ n
(2.21)
2

Now,
1
α2 ((T ∗ T n ))2 ≤ ω ((T n T ∗ )∗ (T n T ∗ )) + ρ2 β 2 ((T ∗ T n ))2
2


Theorem 2.8. Assume that T is f s − (α, β) − n − N ormal operator, then for every real s with 0 ≤ s ≤ 1 we
have     
1−s s n ∗ 4
+s (1 − s) + 2 ((T T )) ≤
β2 β
h i
(1 − s) ((T ∗ T n ))2 + sβ 2 ((T ∗ T n ))2
2
((T n T ∗ − T ∗ T n ))2 + ω ((T n T ∗ )∗ (T ∗ T n ))

Proof. Through [7], Theorem 2.5 (Refer to also [20], Theorem 2.3) We’ve

(1 − s)(a)2 + s(b)2 (1 − s)(b)2 + s(a)2 − |ha, bi|2

  

≤ (1 − s)(a)2 + s(b)2 (1 − s)(b)2 + s(a)2 (2.22)

  

Where 0 ≤ s ≤ 1, m ∈ R and a, b ∈ H. By taking m = 1, a = T ∗ T n x and b = T n T ∗ x in (2.22), we

have
h ih i
(1 − s) ((T ∗ T n x))2 + s ((T n T ∗ x))2 (1 − s) ((T n T ∗ x))2 + s ((T ∗ T n x))2 |hT ∗ T n x, T n T ∗ xi|2
h ih
≤ (1 − s) ((T ∗ T n x))2 + s ((T n T ∗ x))2 (1 − s) ((T n T ∗ x − T ∗ T n x))2 +
i
s ((T n T ∗ x − T ∗ T n x))2 (2.23)

Thus, we have
   
1−s n ∗ 2 n ∗ 2 n ∗ 2 s n ∗ 2
((T T x)) + s ((T T x)) (1 − s) ((T T x)) + ((T T x)) −
β2 β2
2
|h(T n T ∗ )∗ T ∗ T n x, x)|
h i
≤ (1 − s) ((T ∗ T n x))2 + s ((T n T ∗ x))2
h i
(1 − s) ((T n T ∗ x − T ∗ T n x))2 + s ((T n T ∗ x − T ∗ T n x))2
h i
≤ (1 − s) ((T ∗ T n x))2 + sβ 2 ((T ∗ T n x))2

((T n T ∗ x − T ∗ T n x))2 (2.24)

Asia Pac. J. Math. 2024 11:70 9 of 10

Then
    
1−s s n ∗ 4
+s (1 − s) + 2 ((T T x))
β2 β
h i
≤ (1 − s) ((T ∗ T n x))2 + sβ 2 ((T ∗ T n x))2
2
((T n T ∗ − T ∗ T n x))2 + |h(T n T ∗ )∗ T ∗ T n x, xi|
    
1−s s n ∗ 4
+s (1 − s) + 2 (T T )
β2 β
h i
≤ (1 − s) (T ∗ T n )2 + sβ 2 (T ∗ T n )2
2
(T n T ∗ − T ∗ T n )2 + ω ((T n T ∗ )∗ (T ∗ T n ))

3. Conclusion

We define the f s − (α, β) − n− Normal operator, give some of its characteristics, explain how to use it
to prove certain theorems and properties, and show conditions under which the f s−(α, β)−n− Normal
operator can be proven to have certain [Link], we establish a number of inequalities
between the f s− Normal operator and its numerical radius in Hilbert spaces, which is f s − (α, β) − n−
Normal operator.

Authors’ Contributions

All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors contributed
equally to this work.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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