Department: Computer Science and Engineering
Semester: Summer – 25
Course Code: CSE209
Course Title: Electrical Circuits
Experiment Number: 02
Experiment Title: Series-Parallel DC Circuit and Verification of
Kirchhoff’s Laws
Prepared by
Student Name: Kazi Noor Ud-Din Adit
Student ID: 2024-3-60-215
Group Number: 07
Group Members
Azimus Shams Rifat- 2024-3-60-427
Md. Jumratul Islam Rafi- 2024-3-60-721
Mashrafi Mahin-2024-3-60-077
Date of Performance: 15 July, 2025
Date of Report Submission: 22 July 2025
Objectives of the Experiment: The goal of this experiment is to
investigate and examine DC series-parallel circuits while validating the
fundamental concepts of Kirchhoff’s Laws. Specifically, the experiment aims to
confirm Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL), which states that the total of all voltage
drops around a closed loop in a circuit is zero, and Kirchhoff’s Current Law
(KCL), which states that the total current flowing into a junction is equal to the
total current flowing out.
Circuit Diagram:
Figure: Circuit for experiment
Experimental Datasheet:
Measure Measure Measur Measured Measur Measure Measur Measured value
d value d value ed value value of ed value d value ed value Resistances(Ω)
of E(V) of V1(V) of V3(V) of of of
V2(V) I1(mA) I2(mA) I3(mA)
R1=99.5
3 2.31 0.79 0.79 21 14 6.6 R2=47.7
R3=100.5
Answers to the Post-Lab Report Questions:
1. Theoretical Calculations:
Now, for the given measured V1, V2, and V3, calculate the I1, I2, and I3 values
again using:
I=V/R
So,
I1 (calculated):
I=V1/R1
=2.31/99.5
= 23.2mA
I2 (calculated):
I=V2/R2
=0.79/47.7
= 16.5mA
I3 (calculated):
I=V3/R3
=0.79/100.5
= 7.86mA
Using Ohm's Law (V = IR):
V1 (across R1):3 V
V1(calculated) = I1 * R1 = (23.2 × 10^-3) × 99.50 = 2.30 V
V2 (across R2):0.73 V
V2(calculated) = I2 * R2 = (16.5× 10^-3) × 47.7= 0.79 V
V3 (across R3):0.73 V
V3(calculated) = I3 * R3 = (7.86× 10^-3) × 100.5 = 0.79V
Why Discrepancy May Be Found:
Loose connections: Weak or unstable connections in the circuit can result in
inaccurate readings.
Aging components: Electrical components may deteriorate over time, altering
their resistance and affecting measurement accuracy.
Resistor tolerance: Resistors have a specified tolerance (e.g., ±5%), meaning their
actual resistance may slightly vary from the labeled value, influencing current and
voltage readings.
Comparison table:
V1 V2 V3 I1 I2 I3
Measured
Value
2.31V 0.79V 0.79V 21mA 14mA 6.6mA
Calculated
Value
2.3V 0.79V 0.79V 23.2mA 16.5mA 7.86mA
Difference 0.01 0 0 2.2 2.5 1.26
[Link],
i) V2=0.79V
V3=0.79V
So, V2=V3
ii) E=V1+V2
= 2.31+0.79
=3.1V
~3 V
ii) I1=I2+I3
= 14+6.6
=20.6 mA
~21mA
Conclusion:
In this experiment, we strengthened our grasp of circuit calculations through
hands-on practice. By applying different formulas and comparing the expected
theoretical values with actual measurements, we gained meaningful insight into
any differences. Additionally, using the circuit equipment helped improve our
overall understanding of how electrical systems work.
