Dynamic Load Control

Feature Description

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Copyright

© Ericsson AB 2016-2018. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be

reproduced in any form without the written permission of the copyright owner.

Disclaimer

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continued progress in methodology, design and manufacturing. Ericsson shall
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document.

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 Contents

Contents

1 Dynamic Load Control Overview 1

2 Feature Operation 2
2.1 Network Requirements 2
2.2 Feature Operation 2

3 Parameters 7
3.1 Feature Configuration Parameters 7
3.2 Affected Parameters 7

4 Network Impact 8
4.1 Capacity 8

5 Associated Features and Affected Functions 9

5.1 Prerequisite Features 9
5.2 Affected Features 9
5.3 Related Features 9
5.4 Affected System Functions 9

6 Performance 10
6.1 KPIs 10
6.2 Counters 10
6.3 Events 11

7 Activate Dynamic Load Control 12

8 Deactivate Dynamic Load Control 13

Appendix A: Feature Change History 14

Appendix A.a: Procedure Latency Supervision and Dynamic Load Control
Improvements for Cat-M1 14

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Dynamic Load Control

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 Dynamic Load Control Overview

1 Dynamic Load Control Overview

Identity: FAJ 121 3083

Licensing: Licensed feature. One license per node.
Introduced in: DU: L14A, Baseband: L16B
Replaces: Basic Load Management: Procedure
Latency Supervision
Belongs to: High Load Handling, FAJ 801 0415

Summary
Dynamic Load Control improves throughput and retainability in congested cells
by gradually adjusting the admitted traffic.

Accessibility can also be improved by using Dynamic Load Control which

gradually adjusts the admitted traffic, whereas the Procedure Latency
Supervision function of Basic Load Management feature completely blocks all
traffic.

Privileged access, such as EA and HPA, are allowed to connect at all times,
regardless of Dynamic Load Control.

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 Dynamic Load Control

2 Feature Operation

This section describes the Dynamic Load Control feature in more detail, including
network configuration requirements and operation flows.

2.1 Network Requirements

At feature activation, the license for the Dynamic Load Control feature must also
be activated.

This feature has no prerequisite network configuration requirements.

2.2 Feature Operation

The Dynamic Load Control gradually reduces the allowed number of incoming
handovers and initial establishments when the air interface procedure latency or
the UE drop rate measurements, or both, become degraded.

In a cell, where Category M Access feature is enabled, the procedure latency and
UE drop rate generated by Cat-M1 UEs are excluded from the measurement.

Once activated, the feature reacts only when the Radio Resource Control (RRC)
signal intensity or the incoming handover intensity, or both, are above a certain
threshold.

As the measurements go back to normal levels, the allowed number of incoming

handovers and initial establishments are gradually being increased up to its
maximum limit.

Figure 1 provides an overview of Dynamic Load Control.

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 Feature Operation

RRC Latency New, Modified and Released UE Drop

Measurements Supervision UE Connection Intensity Rate

Dynamic Load
Control State
Triggers
Low High

Actions Modify Cell Connection

Intensity Window

L0000935A

Figure 1 Overview of Dynamic Load Control

Dynamic Load Control operates per cell and acts on the following input:

— RRC procedure latency

A number of RRC procedures are time-supervised and statistics of the

measured time of these procedures are collected.

The supervised RRC procedures are as follows:

• RRC Security Mode Setup

• RRC User Equipment (UE) Capability Enquiry

• RRC Connection Re-configuration

• RRC Connection Setup

— UE drop rate

A number of release causes are monitored and the ratio between abnormal
and total releases is supervised.

The supervised UE release causes are as follows:

• Radio Link Control failure for Signaling Radio Bearer

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 Dynamic Load Control

• Radio Link Control failure for Data Radio Bearer

• Physical downlink Control Channel uplink synchronization failure

• Time alignment timer expiry

• Hybrid automatic repeat request timeout

• Lack of Signaling Radio Bearer resources

• Lack of Data Radio Bearer resources

• RRC configuration timeout

• Radio connection with UE lost (S1 release cause)

— New, Modified and Released UE connection intensity

A number of connection procedures are monitored as regards to intensity.

The monitored procedures are as follows:

• RRC Connection Setup

• RRC Connection Reconfiguration

• RRC Connection Release

• X2 Handover Request

• S1 Handover Request

For normal calls, the connections are accepted as long as the connection intensity
in a cell is below or equal to the maximum number of allowed connections for the
current period. Otherwise, the connection is rejected. For each initial
establishment rejection, a randomized back-off time is used.

Figure 2 and Figure 3 provide an overview of the Cell Connection Intensity

Supervision.

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 Feature Operation

Measurements Initial Establishment Incoming Handover

Cell Connection
Intensity Window
Triggers

Actions Accept Reject

L0000936A

Figure 2 Overview of Cell Connection Intensity Supervision

Allow N connection requests during Tc

x x xx x x x x xxxxxx x x x x x x xx time

Legend: ∑x ≤ N : request allowed

x = Connection request ∑x > N : request rejected

L0000937A

Figure 3 Cell Connection Intensity Window

The operation is accepted as long as the connection intensity in a cell is below or

equal to the maximum number of allowed connections for the current period.
Otherwise the connection is rejected. For each Initial Establishment rejection a
randomized back-off time is used.

Dynamic Load Control gradually regulates the number of allowed connections,

depending on the input parameters previously described in this section through
the Cell Connection Intensity Window, CCIW. It only regulates the allowed traffic
once the combined RRC procedure latency and UE drop rate threshold are
reached.

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 Dynamic Load Control

Privileged access, such as High Priority Access (HPA) and Emergency, are
accepted at all times, regardless of cell connection intensity.

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 Parameters

3 Parameters

This section describes parameters introduced by the Dynamic Load Control

feature and parameters affected by activating the feature.

3.1 Feature Configuration Parameters

This feature introduces no new parameters.

3.2 Affected Parameters

The implementation of this feature affects no parameters.

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 Dynamic Load Control

4 Network Impact

This section describes how the Dynamic Load Control feature impacts the
network functions and capabilities.

4.1 Capacity
For cells with poor radio or high utilization or both, the Dynamic Load Control
protects the user experience of the admitted users by gradually reducing the
allowed incoming traffic. This momentarily reduces the maximum capacity
regarding the number of connected users and can impact the KPI for
accessibility.

Note: Bandwidth reduced UEs are excluded from the DLC mechanism
observations and have no influence on cell capacity adjustment.

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 Associated Features and Affected Functions

5 Associated Features and Affected Functions

This section describes how the Dynamic Load Control feature affects other
features and functions.

5.1 Prerequisite Features

This feature has no prerequisite features.

5.2 Affected Features

This feature affects the following RAN feature: When Dynamic Load Control is
activated Basic Load Management: Procedure Latency Supervision is
automatically deactivated.

5.3 Related Features

Table 1 lists features that are related to the Dynamic Load Control feature.

Table 1 Related Features

Feature Description
Basic Load Management Feature Basic Load Management contains default load
management functions that protect the eNodeB from overload
situations.
Inter-Frequency Load Balancing Balances traffic load between carrier frequencies, thus reducing the
risk of cell congestion.

5.4 Affected System Functions

When Dynamic Load Control is acting in overload situations, incoming handovers
and initial establishment can be rejected.

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 Dynamic Load Control

6 Performance

This section describes performance indicators, counters, and events associated

with the Dynamic Load Control feature.

6.1 KPIs
This feature has no associated Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) but improves
retainability and throughput KPIs for cells with a highly loaded air interface. In
certain situations it can degrade the accessibility KPI.

6.2 Counters
Table 2 lists the counters associated with the Dynamic Load Control feature.

Note: The counters exist in the following MO classes:

— EUtranCellFDD

— EUtranCellTDD

Table 2 Counters
Counter Description
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellIntensDLC This counter is stepped at transmission of message RRC Connection
Reject when triggered by intensity limitation in Dynamic Load
Control.
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellIntensDLCC This counter is stepped when RRC Connection Establishments for
e CAT-M1 UEs fail due to Cell Connection Intensity Control in
Dynamic Load Control.
pmHoPrepRejInCellIntensDLC This counter is stepped at transmission of message Handover
Preparatiuon Failure when triggered by intensity limitation in
Dynamic Load Control.
pmAdjustAccessDynLoadCtrl This counter is stepped for every second that the Cell Connection
Intensity Control for new accesses (RRC Connection Establishment
and Handover) has been down regulated from its maximum value
due to high procedure latency and/or high drop rate.
pmAdjustAccessDynLoadCtrlDistr This counter is stepped periodically for the Cell Connection Intensity
Control and shows the distribution of the allowed RRC Connection
Establishment and Handover for each time interval.
pmRrcLatencyConnSetupDistr This counter is stepped for each received RRC Connection Request
message and describes the procedure latency for each message.
pmRrcLatencyConnReconfigDistr This counter is stepped for each received RRC Connection
Reconfiguration message and describes the procedure latency for
each message.
pmRrcLatencyCapEnqDistr This counter is stepped for each received RRC Capability
Information message and describes the procedure latency for each
message.

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 Performance

Counter Description
pmRrcLatencySecModeCmdDistr This counter is stepped for each received RRC Security Mode
Command message and describes the procedure latency for each
message.
pmCellIntensHoRrcConnReqDistr This counter is stepped periodically and shows the distribution of
the Handover Request and RRC Connection Request intensity in
relation to the Cell Connection Intensity Control limit.
pmCellIntensHoReqDistr This counter is stepped periodically and shows the distribution of
the Handover Request intensity in relation to the Cell Connection
Intensity Control limit.
pmCellIntensRrcConnReqDistr This counter is stepped periodically and shows the distribution of
the RRC Connection Request intensity in relation to the Cell
Connection Intensity Control limit.
pmCellIntensRrcConnReconfDistr This counter is stepped periodically and shows the distribution of
the RRC Connection Reconfiguration intensity in relation to the Cell
Connection Intensity Control limit.
pmCellIntensRrcConnReleaseDistr This counter is stepped periodically and shows the distribution of
the RRC Connection Release intensity in relation to the Cell
Connection Intensity Control limit.

More information about counters can be found in Managed Object Model (MOM).

6.3 Events
This feature has no associated events.

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 Dynamic Load Control

7 Activate Dynamic Load Control

Prerequisites

— The license key is installed in the node.

— Continuous Cell Trace Recording (CCTR) is activated since at least one week.
This ensures there is troubleshooting data available if something goes
wrong.

Steps

1. Set the attribute featureState to ACTIVATED in the applicable MO

instance, depending on node type:

Node Type License Control MO

DU Radio Node OptionalFeatureLicense=DynamicLoadContro
l
Baseband-based Node FeatureState=CXC4011713

After This Task

Let the CCTR be active for one week, for continued collection of troubleshooting
data.

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 Deactivate Dynamic Load Control

8 Deactivate Dynamic Load Control

Prerequisites
Continuous Cell Trace Recording (CCTR) is activated since at least one week. This
ensures there is troubleshooting data available if something goes wrong.

Steps

1. Set the attribute featureState to DEACTIVATED in the applicable MO

instance, depending on node type:

Node Type License Control MO

DU Radio Node OptionalFeatureLicense=DynamicLoadContro
l
Baseband-based FeatureState=CXC4011713

After This Task

Let the CCTR be active for one week, for continued collection of troubleshooting
data.

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 Dynamic Load Control

Appendix A: Feature Change History

This section lists changes that affected this feature and the impact it had on
network.

Appendix A.a: Procedure Latency Supervision and Dynamic Load Control Improvements
for Cat-M1
Access Type: LTE
Hardware Platform: All
Licensing: Basic Load Management, FAJ 121 4658
Dynamic Load Control, FAJ 121 3083

The feature improvement ensures that Cat-M1 traffic does not incorrectly trigger
the LTE load control procedures Procedure Latency Supervision and Dynamic
Load Control. The feature achieves this by excluding both the procedure latency
and the UE drop rate generated by Cat-M UEs from Procedure Latency
Supervision and Dynamic Load Control.

The improvement also ensures that emergency calls and services with high
priority access are not rejected by the overload protection mechanism in
Procedure Latency Supervision.

Capacity and Performance

Since emergency and high priority access calls are accepted in overload
situations, a slight increase in accessibility is detected. When Cat-M does not
incorrectly trigger overload, an overall increase in accessibility is achieved.

Operation

Table 3 New Attributes

New Attributes Description

[Link] Sets the length of time for the eNodeB to reject
incoming traffic request when detecting the
high procedure latency.
[Link] Sets the length of time for the eNodeB to reject
incoming traffic request when detecting the
high procedure latency.

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 Feature Change History

Table 4 New pmCounters

New pmCounter Description

pmRrcConnEstabFailDuIntensCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments due to the DU or Baseband
connection intensity control from bandwidth
reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailMpOverloadCe The number of rejected RRC Connection setup
triggered by the MP Overload state from
bandwidth reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailDuSwCCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments due to high DU or Baseband
SW component load from bandwidth reduced
UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellLatencyCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments in the cell due to Procedure
Latency Supervision from bandwidth reduced
UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellIntensDLCCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments due to cell connection intensity
control regulated by Dynamic Load Control
from bandwidth reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellIntensStatCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments due to static cell connection
intensity control from bandwidth reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailCellIntensSwCCe The number of failed RRC Connection
Establishments in the cell due to high SW
component load on cell from bandwidth
reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnEstabFailDynUeAdmCtrlCe The total number of non-privileged RRC
connection requests rejected by Dynamic UE
Admission Control from bandwidth reduced
UEs.
pmRrcConnReestFailDynUeAdmCtrlCe The total number of non-privileged RRC
connection re-establishment requests rejected
by Dynamic UE Admission Control from
bandwidth reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnReestAttCe The number of RRC Connection
Reestablishment attempts from bandwidth
reduced UEs.
pmRrcConnReestFailCellLatency The total number of non-privileged RRC
connection re-establishment requests rejected
by Procedure Latency Supervision.
pmRrcConnReestFailCellLatencyCe The total number of non-privileged RRC
connection re-establishment requests rejected

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 Dynamic Load Control

New pmCounter Description

by Procedure Latency Supervision from
bandwidth reduced UEs.

Interfaces
No impact.

Other Network Elements

No impact.

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