IRIDOLOGY - LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TECHNIQUE

(ForLuiz Carlos Carvalho

What is Iridology? It is an ancient science that allows one to know physical aspects through the iris.
and the individual's emotions.
Its main objective is to detect evolving disorders, even before the individual
present symptoms, and intervene early, so that such a disorder does not progress to
physical or mental imbalances.
According to scientific research, there is evidence that Iridology has been used for over 8,000 years.
But do we really know these companions that allow us to see the world? Do we know
that there are sayings that put them in a privileged position, after all 'the eyes are the windows of the
soul.

Benefits of Iridology: What Iridology can reveal:

Check if the patient has any disease or dysfunction, or even if they express a
inflammation in the organ. The patient has a general awareness of health;
Acts by discovering possible imbalances in the body;
Do you know which organs are active;
Know better the conditions of your nervous and digestive systems,
It will show the parts of your body that may have problems;
Can indicate an inflammation present in the body, if it exists.
The main nutrients that the body needs;
Weak organs, glands inherently;
The resistance or weakness of the individual's constitution;
Which organ needs repair and reconstruction?
The level of toxicity established in the organs as a whole;
The stage of activity and inflammation of the tissues;
The potentially diseased areas of the organism;
Poor assimilation of nutrients;
Miasmas;
Preclinical stages of diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and other diseases;
Experts say that changes resulting from can be noticed through the iris of the eye.
medication, drug deposits and even patient habits.
And much more
 IRIDOLOGY: WHAT IS IT AND HOW DOES IT WORK?
Health and Beauty

It is the science that studies the iris of the eye, allowing for diagnosis through this analysis.
diseases. This technique is used in natural or alternative medicine and its tradition is already present
A long time ago in China and Greece, it has been improving more and more. It was the doctor
homeopath, Dr. Ignatz Von Peczely who in the 19th century, created Western Iridology.
Iridology will act by discovering possible imbalances in the body. This technique
it allows the therapist to look through the iris at the entire functioning of the organism.
With the diagnosis, it is possible to verify if the patient has any disease or dysfunction, or even if
express an inflammation in the organ. Many iridologists claim that it is possible through the iris.
detect health as a whole.

How is the diagnosis made? Iridology is an ancient practice that is recently gaining
evaluated by the scientific community, despite many doctors contesting that it is not
As effective as it is said. It is worth noting that the technique is not recognized by the Federal Council.
of Medicine.
Before the appointment, the patient answers some
questions through the anamnesis, and later it is
used a camera with high equipment
resolution to capture the image of the eyes of the
patient.
The diagnosis is made by a qualified professional.
which will observe the fibers and the color of the iris. With that,
he can check if there is a change in any
organ of the body.
Experts say that changes resulting from can be noticed through the iris of the eye.
medication, drug deposits, and even the habits of patients.
To achieve results, iridologists use iris charts to detect which
parts of the body are healthy, aching or ill. In the iris, it is possible to find the various
layers from white to black. White represents the acute state of the disease, and the
therefore the chronic state.

Subject in question: Despite its benefits and its demand increasing due to the number
of patients that grows each year, there is no scientific evidence to prove the
utility of Iridology. But even without proof, it cannot be asserted either.
that the technique harms or negatively affects the patient.
Some traditional doctors recognize that it is possible to detect diseases through the eye, but
they guarantee that this is not the only way out and that the best thing to do is the exams. Already in the States
Some doctors describe Iridology as an important diagnostic tool.
Each culture with its own acceptances.
In Iridology, the work is directed towards the services and
courses in São Paulo and also in other states,
receptivity is fantastic because it is an ancient technique
and now people recognize the benefits, because
can not only address physical problems, but also
mental and emotional, and the great success of this
science is that it acts prophylactically with up to
one year in advance.
It is exactly this area that I want to write about the issues of how we can prevent the
our diseases.
A proponent of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), every emotion corresponds to an organ and, for
As a consequence, we dealt with that organ and point in advance.
Example: Visual impairment: before being a localized problem (eyes, shock organ) it can
to be a hepatic issue (specific disease).
According to science, the iris has nerve endings that are connected throughout the
nervous system, and that certain changes in the relief of the iris are indicative of problems with
other organs and specific part of the body (shock organ).
Example: Weakened venous system (shock organ) instead of
VARICOSE VEINS (specific disease).
The cartography of the iris is based on research.
laboratory-based on embryology, physiology and anatomy
body topography where it has been scientifically proven
the reflex areas in the iris.
It represents all parts of the organism in its topography. This
it is possible thanks to the Autonomic Nervous System, made up of two
Nervous chains: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic. They innervate everything.
the parts of the organism and transmit impulses about the condition of each region to the brain (system
central nervous system) and even the iris where these impressions are recorded. The iris informs
immediately, safely, the individual's state of genetic weaknesses before
start the symptomatic and pathological processes.

Luiz Carlos CarvalhoNatural therapist. More than 20 years in the field of

health. Specializing in various techniques. Traditional Reiki, USUI level
Master's degree (Institute A Luz). International Certificate with Magnified Healing.
(Michigan USA). Acupuncture and Shiatsu (Eoma). Organic Iridology and
Behavioral, chromotherapy, among others.
 WHAT IS IRIDOLOGY?

Iridology is a science that aims to study the iris and its relationship with changes.
that occur with our body. They can be organic, metabolic, nutritional,
nervous, hormonal, as well as psychological and emotional.
The eye is formed at the age of 6 - 7 years and in the iris are recorded what we call
shock organs or organs of lesser resistance, that is, the organs that were born more
weak. These are the organs that suffer the consequences first in the face of an aggression
(sedentary lifestyle, stress, malnutrition, etc...).
The iris is made up of fibers and it is through the observation of the structures of these fibers and the
pigmentation (its color) that Iridology identifies the shock organs as well as the
imbalances in the body.
All parts of our body are represented in the iris, which is the colored part of the eye.
Our eyes and their study can reveal a lot about our health, as well as the load.
genetics that we receive.
It is important to emphasize that Iridology is not therapy and does not provide diagnosis.
diseases). Diseases cannot be identified through Iridology. It is a tool of
pre-diagnosis that can be used by both health professionals and also
by professionals in the field of human resources, educators, etc....
This method is being used in human resources (HR) processes. Whose satisfaction with
Work increases productivity and creativity by an average of up to 30%.
Bernard Jensen (American) developed an Iridology map where it is indicated the
relative position of each organ represented in the iris.
The right iris represents the organs that are located on the right side of the body and the iris
left those located on the left side. For example: the liver is
represented only in the right iris, the spleen only in the left iris. The thyroid is already
represented in the two irises.

The iris represents all parts of the organism in its topography. This is possible thanks to
to the Autonomic Nervous System, formed by two nerve chains: the sympathetic and the
parasympathetic. They irritate all parts of the organism and lead impulses to the brain
about the situation of each region (Central Nervous System) and also up to the iris, where these
impressions are recorded.
While Classical Iridology specifically works on the organic part, Dr. Denny
Johnson allows us to understand the complexities of the human mind that shapes and gives
shapes our personalities and relationships, as well as introversion and extroversion.
There are four behavioral patterns. Once the behavioral pattern of the
person, let's say that they start to know themselves better, become more productive, creative, familiar,
sociable, etc.
While Bernard Jensen's method allows us to analyze the iris from an organic point of view, the
RayId Method of Iridology, developed by Denny Johnson, enables us to understand the
complexities of the human mind that shape and form our personalities and
relationships. With it, one can learn about psychic types, as well as introversion and
extroversion, beyond brain predominance.
The RayId Method of Iridology recognizes 4 patterns, being 3 basic patterns: Flower, Jewel and
Run a standard room called Agitator, which is a combination of the Flower and Jewel patterns.
People who have many open fibers in the iris, which we call petals, are in the
Flower pattern. They are emotional, spontaneous, observant, make many gestures, and learn.
listening. They are creative. They usually have skills in music, arts, etc...
We identified the pattern Joiacomo as a pigmentation in the iris. It's as if something had fallen.
ink dot on the iris. A brown spot. This pattern indicates an intellectual person, with a lot
talent for analysis and verbal dialogue, little flexibility for changes.
The Current pattern is identified when the iris has its fibers neatly arranged, with few signs.
The word that best describes the Corrente is sensitivity (physical, mental, and intuitive). The Corrente
it is a mobile radar of life.
The Agitator type is identified by having a combination of the signals from the FloreJoia patterns.
They are extremists. The classic standard of the Agitator is great success and great failure. The
dedication and loyalty are your trademarks. In general, they are inventors, explorers, or motivators.
They are enthusiasts. We can say that they came to change the world.
Therefore, the body clearly warns us about our fragilities and Iridology is the best
tool to identify these vulnerabilities.
For all these reasons, it is very important that, starting from the age of seven, parents take their children
to perform an iridology exam and thus get to know your organs in advance
shock (fragilities) and the psychic type (RayId Method of Iridology).
It is also important to emphasize that Iridology does not substitute laboratory tests, but facilitates.
at your choice.

ORIENTAL MEDICINE
IRIDOLOGY - THE IRIS AS A MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS
Understand how Iridology can be an ally of
self-knowledge
We have all heard in some situation the joke that says that human beings should have
a manual of instructions, which is hard to understand, educate it and everything else, isn't it? But
Now, what we are discovering is that we have not just one, but several instruction manuals,
since we learn to read them.
The gaze naturally exerts a great attraction on us! We know that 'the eyes are the
"windows of the soul" and through the sparkle in the eyes we can tell if someone is in love or letting go.
sparks of anger! It is very difficult to hide what we feel when someone looks us in the eyes. The
what we still didn't know and is being demonstrated is that the configuration of our iris is a
a map that shows us both physical and emotional aspects and that this study can be
to constitute an important ally in the processes of treating symptoms and diseases and,
especially, of self-knowledge.
It is not exclusive to iridology to study what happens inside the human body through the
observation of external areas - principle of foot reflexology or auriculotherapy. The
traditional medicines, such as Chinese, Ayurvedic (Indian), and Shamanic (indigenous), already
were based on the fact that our body has reflex areas, from which we can build
maps that guide us in treating organs and systems without having direct access to them.
In the case of iridology, which bases its studies on the iris, we rely on the fact that.
Eyes, optic nerve endings, are an external extension of the nervous system.
autonomous, covered only by the eyelids. The iris is formed by a tissue of fibers
nerves that receive information from the entire nervous system, which make the eye both
"the mirror of the soul" as well as "the window of the body", through which one can observe the constitution
physical and psychic of the individual.
The oldest records about the study of the iris were found on pottery in Egypt that
shows drawings of irises with iridological signs. But in the late 19th century, it was still
Hungarian boy Ignaz de Péczely who observed that when he accidentally fractured the leg of a
owl, a signal immediately appeared in the animal's iris. As the fracture was
consolidated, the signal changed characteristic and marked the iris definitively. Adult, as
doctor, Dr. Ignaz de Peczely deduced that the iris held within it the marks and signs of what
it was happening within our body, as well as the genetic basis that shaped us. It was your
studies that initiated this important area of human knowledge.
Since then, much has been researched and published about the iris, increasingly consolidating.
but iridology as an effective non-invasive method of assistance in physical diagnostics and
psychic. And also as an ally in the processes of self-knowledge and development
Guys. Your preventive action allows you to know areas of fragility in the body and structure.
appropriate treatments in the preliminary phases of symptom onset, leading the individual to
a greater awareness regarding the functioning of your body and mind.
(Posted byDr. Adamiane Moraes Schwaickardt

IRIDOLOGY RAYID METHOD (IRISDIAGNOSE

BEHAVIORAL) (By Blanch)
Iridology means the study of the iris, which encompasses its anatomy, physiology, histology,
pharmacology, pathology up to the possibility of knowing the general and partial constitution of
individual, since all are represented in the Iris.

Rayid Method (behavioral iris diagnosis)

System for identifying patterns in behavior, communication, and relationships
according to the structural constitution of the iris. The essential structure of personality is composed
of four patterns:
GEM OR JEWEL
Presence of hyperpigmented spots (psoriasis).
Mental type with internal perceptions and feelings directed towards analysis.
Intellectual personality, thoughtful, rational, analytical, methodical, detail-oriented, perfectionist.
They exert excessive control over themselves, over situations, and over others.
Precise verbal communicators show few emotions and use direct gestures.
They easily set goals and quickly achieve them.
They stand out as leaders, teachers, and scientists.
Visual learning.
They need to let go and learn to relax.
They attract the emotional flower type for lasting relationships.

2. FLOWER
Emotional type.
They have distinctly rounded openings (petals) in the iris tissue.
• Guidance by feelings of passion, fire, and grace, they experience life through the
sensitivity of the heart.
They are flexible, spontaneous, and changeable people who flow easily in social situations.
Superior visual communicators, animated and expressive, generate excitement and enjoy being
visible.
They live the present moment intensely.
Constant interest and enthusiasm that is short-lived.
Masters of creative abundance stand out as artists, musicians, and engineers.
• Auditory learning.
They need control.
They are attracted to mental types - gem or jewel - for lasting relationships.

3. CURRENT
Kinesthetic type.
It has uniform structures with subtle color variations in the iridal tissue.
They perceive and integrate life through the sensory experience of their bodies.
With a lot of empathy, they nurture and balance others.
Intuitive, they mediate and unite extremes.
They are sensitive and get hurt easily.
Excessive sensitivity that can lead to an increased feeling of incapacity.
They communicate with touch and movements.
They stand out in athletics, dance, in the health sector and public service.
They learn auditorily, visually, and by imitation.
They need expansion.
They attract extremist types for long-lasting relationships.

4. AGITATOR
Extremist type.
It presents pigments as dots (gem) and rounded openings (flower).
It unifies mental and emotional traits into communication molds.
They are dynamic, progressive people who venture beyond the limits of thought and actions.
conventional.
Oscillating personality between reason and emotion.
• Frequently devoted to a cause and adventurous by nature, they stand out as
inventors, motivators, and explorers.
Learning through touch and movement.
They need balance.
They attract kinesthetic types for long-term relationships.
For more information visit our website: [Link]

BASIC IRIDOLOGY - BEHAVIORAL IRIDOLOGY

Bibliography:
Iridology, The Iris Reveals Your Health
Healthy Life through Iridology
Battello, Celso - Iridology and Irisdiagnosis, What the Eyes Can Reveal - Ed. Ground, 1999
The Science and Practice of Iridology
Iridology, The Science and Practice in the Healing Arts - Vol. II
Publications, 2008
Iridology Simplified
Denny Johnson
The Eye Reveals...
- Khalsa, Gurudev Singh - Integrated Iridology - Ed. Madras, 2006
Santiago Canhavate

IRIDOLOGY: FRAUD, NONSENSE AND SCIENTIFIC IGNORANCE

Although I have known about Iridology for a few years, I was recently reminded of it.
alternative diagnostic method. The reason for the forgetting of this 'art' is easily explained:
it is so ridiculous that I considered it impossible for someone endowed with a cognitive ability
acceptable was capable of believing in its positive effects. I was wrong. Whether by
ignorance or, simply, by faith, the truth is that there are rational human beings who
believe in this 'diagnostic technique'.

Let's start by understanding the history of Iridology:iridologyiridodiagnosis or irisdiagnosis is

a form of diagnosis in which the analysis of the iris (anatomical structure of the eye) allows us to
know the patient's health condition, based on the assumption that changes in this structure
reflect specific diseases.
This diagnostic system wasinvented by Ignatz Peczely,a Hungarian doctor who published the
his ideas in 1893. The story goes that Peczely, when he was a child, found an owl
with a broken leg. At the moment he grabbed the owl, he noticed a prominent black stripe
in the iris of the bird's eye. Peczely took care of the bird until its recovery and then noticed that
the black stripe had disappeared, replaced by tattered white lines. From this single
observation, Peczely developed the notion of iridology.
However, this romantic story will only be an invented tale or excessively...
simplified. In fact, Peczely began his professional career ashomeopath is
miraculous healer. He had already been denounced as a dangerous charlatan. Later,
obtained his medical degree just to avoid the authorities. Therefore, Peczely was a
good young man.
This idea that Peczely sold, in which the iris represents a map of the rest of the body, including
organ systems, is called the homunculus approach:
Reflexology, auricular acupuncture, and even chiropractic and osteopathy (in a partial way)
they follow this approach.

But, in light of the discovery of iridology, what should have happened? After publishing
In his initial observations, Peczely began to test his theory with well-designed studies.
able to prove their theory. Carefully built a set of descriptive facts, but
well established, about the relationship between the iris and the health of patients. Later, anatomists
they discovered the underlying mechanism of this relationship—a vast system that interconnected the iris and the
the rest of the body. Additional investigations based on this interconnection conducted by others
scientists, more recently, have found alternative ways to explore this fascinating
aspect of anatomy and physiology.

Of course, that's not what happened... Peczely did not conduct any type of investigation.
serious science. Instead, it simply invented a pseudoscience, drawing maps of the
iris that were both a product of your imagination and of your biased observation, in large
part result of confirmation bias and motivated reasoning. Peczely did not conduct studies.
controlled neither produced the type of evidence that separates a real phenomenon from an imaginary one.
Furthermore, no subsequent studies have supported the biological plausibility of iridology. There is no
anatomy or underlying physiology that can explain how the iris reflects the state or function of
any other part of the body.
This, unfortunately, did not prevent iridology from surviving on the fringes of medicine for more than a
in this area in
century. By the way, it seems that this practice is becoming popular [Link] is no shortage of courses
Portugal, even existing aPortuguese Association of Iridology… sometimes I think that I
they put magic mushrooms in the breakfast because these things are too surreal.
Of courseoSapo's lifestyle would have to address Iridology., where the iridologist states that
can detect 'colon drop', a problem that has never been described by medicine.
Be amazed, dear reader. Many times the diagnosis of diseases through iris reading
asupplementation recommendations, which are conveniently sold by the iridologist…
But this type of conflict of interest does not affect the believers in these therapies. I highlight this
phrase from the Portuguese Association of Iridology:
Through iridological analysis, we can more efficiently restore balance.
individual, because the iris, by revealing the origin of deficiencies, allows for the development of a program
specific with the most appropriate therapeutic modalities (counseling
psychological, homeopathy, nutrition, orthomolecular, body work, etc.).
But not only that... the Portuguese Association of Iridology also promotes this technique as a
a kind of "soul observation" fused with the film "Return to the Past":"
With the study of iridology, one can determine how the individual processes their
learning processes, expression, modification, and management of relationships,
inclusive from early childhood.
Once again... who is putting magic mushrooms in my breakfast?
Despite these deviations from everything that is rational in the world of medicine and science, iridologists
they are not silly... they created a method supported byfallacy
of special pleading,that allows them
never be wrong. How?
Iridologists state that their diagnostic method assesses tendencies, whether hereditary.
or acquired in relation to health and illness. In other words, iridology cannot detect a disease.
specific, but it can be said that an individual has an 'alteration of activity' in an area
specific to the body. For example, an underactive pancreas may indicate the presence of diabetes.
A problem in the intestinal area can mean anything from constipation to disease.
intestinal inflammation (but they do not specify it).
Other sites warn that iridology cannot diagnose pregnancy, because this is a
natural condition of the body, and it cannot diagnose previous surgeries either, as
Anything that occurs under anesthesia will block the signals that would otherwise change.
the iris. In other words, rules were created in which iridology cannot diagnose a
disease or any other verifiable condition, but at the same time be a method of
useful diagnosis... do you see the paradox? Thus, iridology can only detect things that cannot
to be verified objectively.
In essence, it is a palm reading performed on the eye. The creation of an illusion. With the
advantage that the iridologist conducts an extensive questionnaire prior to the consultations, which facilitates their
ability to guess. When reading the iris, if the iridologist correctly says that the lady
there is an altered gallbladder and stones are discovered in the gallbladder, there is a validation of
practice. If you make a mistake, then the iridologist may claim that it's advisable to stay alert...there is a
"susceptibility" in that organ, even though it has not yet manifested disease. Win-Win situation.

An article from Quackwatch–Confessions of a former iridologist,by Joshua David Mather, gives a

insight into the process:
"I soon discovered that the 'structural changes' could be created in the video simply.
changing the angle of the light that falls on the eye. Areas that I thought were dark, of
suddenly, they showed lines of healing when the position of the light changed. The thick white lines
would change to thin lines, gray in color, as the light moved. During this period, I was
called numerous times by a renowned iridologist to his office to show me a
change that had occurred in the patient's iris minutes after making an adjustment to the spine
vertebral. After carefully examining your recordings, it became obvious to me that
the position of the light and the angle of the camera had changed, causing the appearance of a
change in the iris.
In other words, iridology is highly dependent on technique and variables such as
angle of the chamber and the intensity of light. With these tools, the iridologist can
to produce apparent changes in the iris. But Mather describes this technique in an even
more detailed:
The beauty of not having to provide a diagnosis is that the practitioner simply uses the iris to
question the patient. Let's suppose I have a patient with a mark in the pulmonary area. The
My first question would be: "Have you ever had any lung problems? Like asthma,"
pneumonia or emphysema?" If the patient remembers something like this, I will be considered a
genius, but if there was nothing obvious, I would ask more questions. "Maybe I had a cold
recently? If the answer is no, the next step would be to look at the intestine, which in theory
it causes lung weakness. The intestine is represented in the eye as the area directly around
from the pupil and is usually darker than the rest of the iris. If the intestine is dark, then the
the obvious answer was that the patient would have an unknown pulmonary weakness resulting from
problems in the intestine. If there were no problems in the intestine, the last response would be
the existence of a genetic weakness in the lung that needed to be treated to avoid problems
futures." In other words, it is the typical process of guessing... feeling around until catching something.
thing. Our cognitive biases take care of the rest.

And what is the scientific evidence for this practice? As we have already discussed, there is no basis for it.
biological for such assumption, as except for some diseases that also affect the iris
such as copper poisoning(Kayser-Fleischer ringna Wilson's disease), one does not know
any pathophysiological mechanism that supports this thesis. Still, as always, there are those who
advocate that science ignores knowledge that may be true, that is, that it may
there is an unidentified biological mechanism that explains the alleged effectiveness of this technique.
However, in summary, under controlled conditions, iridologists do not
Being able to agree with each other and get the diagnoses right is pure probabilistic chance.
There are some studies in the area.

An assessment of Iridology:"Photographs were taken of both eyes of 143"

patients. Nine and five patients were free of kidney disease, defined as a level of
creatinine lower than 1.2 mg/dL (average, 0.8 mg/dL) and 48 had severe kidney disease.
sufficient to raise the plasma creatinine level to 1.5 mg/dL or higher (average, 6.5 mg/dL).
Three ophthalmologists and three iridologists viewed the slides in a random sequence without
knowledge of the number of patients in the two categories or any information about the
patient history. Iridology did not show clinical or statistical skill.
significant for detecting the presence of kidney disease. Iridology was neither selective nor
specific and the probability of correct detection was no better than chance.

Try to identify gallbladder disease in the patient's iris:In medical care

alternatives, iridology is used as a diagnostic method. The diagnosis of disease of
The gallbladder was used to study its validity and inter-rater consistency. The iridologists
They report that the presence of an inflamed gallbladder containing gallstones is easily
recognized by certain signs on the lower side of the right iris. They were taken
color photographs of the right eye of 39 patients with this health problem and 39 individuals-
control of the same sex and age. The slides were presented in a random order to five
iridologists without supplementary information. The prevalence of the disease was estimated at 56%. A
The median validity was 51% with 54% sensitivity and 52% specificity. These results
They were close to casual validity (iota = 0.03). None of the iridologists achieved a high one.
validity. The inter-rater consistency was 60%. This was only slightly higher than the
casual consistency (kappa = 0.18). This study showed that iridology is not an auxiliary of
useful diagnosis

Can iridology detect susceptibility to cancer?Prospective study of cases and

controls that intended to investigate the value of iridology as a diagnostic tool in detection
of some common types of cancer. One hundred and ten (110) individuals were enrolled in the study: 68
individuals presented with breast, ovarian, uterine, prostate, or colorectal cancer, confirmed
Histologically, 42 individuals were used as controls. All volunteers were
examined by an experienced professional in iridology, who was unaware of the gender or details
doctors of the patients. The iridologist was allowed to suggest up to five diagnoses for each
volunteer and their results were compared with the medical diagnosis of each volunteer
to determine the accuracy of iridology in detecting malignancy.
Iridology identified the correct diagnosis in only 3 cases (sensitivity of 4%). Iridology
there was no value in the diagnosis of the cancers investigated in this study.
This study is important... the irodologist had the opportunity to propose five hypotheses of
diagnosis...FIVE...and still only got three cases right...Sensitivity of 4%! It is
In previous studies, iridologists would have to say whether or not there is kidney disease; if there is
you don ’t have vesicular disease. There is a 50% chance of being right. And it is more or less in this
percentage that wandered (around 50%). In this last study, they had to provide possibilities of
diagnosis, which greatly increases the options for answers. And even with five hypotheses, they remained
miserable 4%. And we ended with a systematic review of the topic:

Iridology: a systematic review:"Iridologists claim to be able to diagnose conditions

medical through abnormalities in iris pigmentation. This technique is popular in many
countries. Therefore, it is relevant to ask if it is valid. This study systematically reviewed all
the interpretative tests of the validity of iridology as a diagnostic tool. They were
four case-control studies were found. Most of these investigations suggest that the
Iridology is not a valid diagnostic method.
The validity of iridology as a diagnostic tool is not supported by evaluations.
scientific. Patients and therapists should be discouraged from using this method.
However, if the dear reader researches the effectiveness of iridology without critical sense, they may be
surprised. It is that there are many methodologically weak publications that favor this
technique. Repairin this sentence of a systematic review(little systematic) of 2008: "This review
was based on only 4 literatures, although the French article reports that by 1998 there were already 67
published articles on the reliability of Iridology. Most are in favor of the method, but with
a questionable scientific methodology and 4 against with an impeccable research in the plan
methodological.
That is, as is usually the case... if methodologically weak studies are conducted, it is possible
find evidence of effectiveness for any technique. No matter how absurd it may be. However,
the higher the quality of the study, the more it becomes apparent that alternative medicines, in their
everything, they have little to offer.

In conclusion: It is possible to verify that there is absolutely no doubt that iridology is

a fraud. The iridologist has as much chance of making an accurate diagnosis as anyone
civil construction worker, priest, coffee employee, philosophy teacher, or another non-medical professional.
Finally, it is worth adding that this entire method, besides being false (and, as such, a waste
In terms of time and money, it is not harmless and can have harmful effects on the patient's health.
This study from the Archives of Ophthalmology advances that the high number of false positives
resulting from the use of this technique causes unnecessary emotional stress in individuals
healthy and, even more serious, the false negatives resulting from the practice make it so that
Many patients postpone the true diagnosis of serious pathologies.
conclusion in simplified language, imagine a patient with carcinoma in stage
early that consults an iridologist. This pseudo-professional may, due to the randomness of
your technique, claiming that the patient is healthy, not needing to consult a
true doctor. In this way, the patient will postpone the true diagnosis and the respective
treatment, destroying the possibility of early intervention and reducing the likelihood of
medical resolution of the pathology, due to the progression of the disease to advanced stages.
Therefore, it is concluded that the iridologist is nothing more than a traveling fair fortune teller, to be
practiced only for the entertainment of the dear reader on a day when they feel bored and wish to
to become poorer by a few euros.