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Vocabulary and Language Exercises

Use of English

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0% found this document useful (1 vote)
105 views2 pages

Vocabulary and Language Exercises

Use of English

Uploaded by

m.haziroglou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Unit 12 – Mastermind

Vocabulary
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the following words:

Paperback, quotation, blurb, jargon, outline, obsolete, juvenile, primitive, issue

1) Judging from the _________ on the back of the book, it sounds like an exciting story.
2) It’s easy to read _________ in bed because they are light and convenient to hold.
3) This computer is _________; the new ones work faster.
4) I have to take _________ with you on that point.
5) On our trek, some of the places we stayed at_________ facilities with no running
water.
6) Young people who get into trouble with the police are called “_________
delinquents”.
7) I prepared a(n) _________ and I used it as a basis when I wrote my speech.
8) I don’t understand this letter from the lawyer because it’s full of legal _________.
9) The president of the college started his speech with a _________ by Winston
Churchill.

Voice, strike up withhold, come, disclose, dominate, imply, infer

1. She always talks too much and _________ every conversation.


2. Jack _________ in for criticism from his mother after he joined the demonstration
against the government.
3. The police intentionally _________ information about the incident from the
reporters.
4. The spy _________ classified information after he was caught.
5. Are you _________ that we should leave now?
6. We _________ from her reaction that she was embarrassed about what had
happened.
7. After the manager _________ criticism of our work, we all agreed to try harder.
8. My grandmother likes to _________ conversations with strangers on the bus.

Boil down to, lay down, jot down, narrow down, crackdown, come-down

1. After working as an accountant, it was quite a _________ for him to become a


bookkeeper again.
2. Please, _________ my phone number on a piece of paper.

1
3. I’ve _________ the list _________ to two options- a holiday in Rome or a cruise to
Cyprus.
4. The headmaster _________ the rules and forbade smoking at school.
5. Because of the recent _________ on speeding, drivers are staying within the speed
limit.
6. The problem _________ one thing-lack of money.

Derivatives

1. A noise pollution law was _________ early this year. ACT


2. Only good team work will _________ us to get the job done! ABLE
3. Closing the windows _________ the noise from the street below. DEAD
4. The role of the police is to _________ the law. FORCE
5. The government wants to _________ the existing drug controls TOUGH
6. I can’t understand this. Could you _________ me? LIGHT
7. Fertilizers help to _________ the soil. RICH
8. Please _________ a CV with your application CLOSE

Circle the correct item.

1. The doctor said she should be taking Vitamin C _________.


a. compliments b. complements c. supplements
2. The top priority must be ensuring young people are _________, numerate,
and ready for work.
a. literal b. literate c. literary
3. Chocolate has a high fat _________.
a. content b. context c. consent
4. He _________ a reputation as an entertaining speaker.
a. acquired b. inquired c. required
5. My teacher said that instead of using _________ English, I should try to write more
formally.
a. colloquial b. outspoken c. literal
6. Henry is writing a _________ on medieval poetry for his doctorate.
a. small print b. manual c. dissertation
7. The strikers _________ from their demand for a 5% pay rise.
a. narrowed down b. came down c. backed down
8. Dad wants to play competitive tennis but he’s a bit _________ for that.
a. over-the-hill b. out-of-date c. archaic
9. He _________ his opinions on politics even though nobody cares what he thinks.
a. airs b. voices c. strikes up
10. Although she won the first prize, Anna tried to _________ at school so the others
wouldn’t be so envious.
a. tear it down b. play it down c. stand it down

Common questions

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Contextual clues and inference are critical in situations where explicit information is absent, as seen with 'We infer from her reaction that she was embarrassed about what had happened' . Listeners or readers use context, including non-verbal cues and situational factors, to infer meaning and intentions. This skill is essential for effective communication, especially in complex or nuanced scenarios.

Using outdated technology, such as 'This computer is obsolete; the new ones work faster,' can significantly hinder efficiency. Older systems often lack the speed, compatibility, and features of newer models, thus slowing down tasks and contributing to longer work hours or increased manual work . Upgrading to current technology can improve efficiency by allowing faster processing and access to more advanced tools.

Media summaries like book blurbs significantly shape consumer expectations and influence purchasing decisions. The blurb provides a brief insight, as noted in 'Judging from the blurb on the back of the book, it sounds like an exciting story' . It sets the tone and appeals to potential buyers by highlighting key themes, thus playing a pivotal role in the marketing strategy by creating anticipation and influencing sales.

Modern disciplinary actions, such as a crackdown on speeding, lead to behavior modification in the public. As seen in "Because of the recent crackdown on speeding, drivers are staying within the speed limit" , such measures instill a heightened sense of adherence to rules. This reflects a broader trend where visible enforcement actions can lead to improved societal compliance with safety standards.

Language becomes a barrier when it is filled with specialized terms, or jargon, that are not understood by a lay audience. For instance, legal jargon often confuses non-professionals, as seen in the statement, "I don’t understand this letter from the lawyer because it’s full of legal jargon" . To resolve this, one can use clear, plain language or provide explanations for technical terms to ensure comprehension in formal communication.

The integration of technology in daily tasks significantly improves workflow efficiency by providing faster processing, automation, and better resource management compared to traditional methods. For instance, a primitive method with 'no running water' can be compared to modern conveniences that improve task execution speed . Embracing technology streamlines processes, reduces errors, and enhances productivity.

Expert knowledge in composing structured and formal documents, exemplified by using an 'outline' as a basis for speeches, enhances clarity and organization in professional communication . It ensures that key points are systematically presented, improving comprehension and engagement. Such skills are invaluable for conveying complex information efficiently and persuasively in a professional context.

The primary challenge in simplifying jargon is maintaining accuracy and specificity, which is critical in legal contexts. However, the benefits include improved public understanding and accessibility, as illustrated by the confusion in 'I don’t understand this letter from the lawyer because it’s full of legal jargon' . Simplifying language helps bridge the gap between professionals and the lay audience, enhancing transparency and trust.

Inferencing plays a vital role in understanding implied messages, allowing individuals to discern unstated meanings and intentions. It involves interpreting cues beyond explicit statements, such as deducing intentions from someone implying 'we should leave now' . This enhances comprehension by enabling listeners to grasp subtle nuances and read between the lines, fostering deeper understanding.

Specialized vocabulary in academia enhances communication among experts by allowing concise and precise discourse within a field. However, it can hinder communication when interacting with non-experts or those from different disciplines, creating a barrier to understanding. This dual role is evident in contexts where students might be advised not to use 'colloquial English' but instead more specialized or formal academic language to communicate effectively .

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