Roll No. …………………..

BCA–C-301
B. C. A. (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2022-23
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Time : 2 21 Hours

Maximum Marks : 60

Note : All questions have to be attempted.

Section—A

1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each

(a) Which of the following is known as a set of

entities of the same type that share same
properties, or attributes ? (CO-1, BL-1)

(i) Tuples

(ii) Entity set

(iii) Relation set

(iv) Entity relation model

P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C-301

(b) The ability to query data, as well as insert, delete,

and alter tuples, is offered by _____________.
(CO-1, BL-1)
(i) TCL (Transaction Control Language)
(ii) DCL (Data Control Language)
(iii) DDL (Data Definition Language)
(iv) DML (Data Manipulation Language)
(c) Two tables can be linked with relationship to
__________. (CO-1, BL-2)
(i) Ensure data entry
(ii) Ensure data integrity
(iii) Create primary key
(iv) Ensure foreign key
(d) Which command is used to remove a relation
from an SQL ? (CO-1, BL-1)
(i) Drop table
(ii) Delete
(iii) Purge
(iv) Remove
(e) A data dictionary is a repository that manages
_________. (CO-2, BL-2)
(i) Memory
(ii) Metadata
(iii) Spell checker
(iv) Data Validator
 [3] BCA–C-301

(f) Which of the operations constitute a basic set of

operations for manipulating relational data ?
(CO-1, BL-1)
(i) Predicate calculus
(ii) Relational calculus
(iii) Relational algebra
(iv) None of the above
(g) The file organization that provides vary fast
access to any arbitrary record of a file is :
(CO-2, BL-1)
(i) Ordered file
(ii) Unordered file
(iii) Hashed file
(iv) B-tree
(h) Problem of testing view serializability is :
(CO-5, BL-5)
(i) P problem
(ii) NP hard
(iii) NP problem
(iv) NP complete
(i) The deadlock in a set of a transaction can be
determined by : (CO-5, BL-1)
(i) Read only graph
(ii) Wait graph
(iii) Wait for graph
(iv) All of the mentioned

P. T. O.
 [4] BCA–C-301

(j) Every Boyy Codd normal form is in :

(CO-3, BL-1)
(i) First normal form
(ii) Second normal form
(iii) Third normal form
(iv) All of the above
(k) If an transaction is performed in a database and
committed, the changes are taken to the previous
state of transaction by : (CO-4, BL-2)
(i) Flashback
(ii) Rollback
(iii) Both Flashback and Rollback
(iv) Cannot be done
(l) Data isolation caused due to ________ in
traditional file system. (CO-2, BL-1)
(i) Scattering of data
(ii) Duplicate data
(iii) Complex data
(iv) Atomic data
2. Attempt any four of the following (Short answer type
questions) : 3 each
(a) Define Referential integrity constraint. Explain.
(CO-1, BL-4)
(b) What are the weak entity sets ? How a weak
entity set can be converted into strong entity set ?
(CO-1, BL-l)
 [5] BCA–C-301

(c) What is Indexing ? (CO-2, BL-1)

(d) Explain 3NF with example. (CO-3, BL-2)
(e) What is transaction ? (CO-4, BL-l)
Section—B
3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) Suppose that we decompose the schema r (A, B,
C, D, E) into r1(A, B, C) and r2(A, D, E). Show
that this decomposition is a lossless
decomposition if the following set F of functional
dependencies holds : (CO-3, BL-2)
A → BC, CD → E, B → D, E → A
(b) Discuss the exclusive and shared lock. How do
Locks result into deadlock and howdeadlock can
be handled ? (CO-5, BL-6)
(c) Describe 4NF with the help of an example.
Would you prefer BCNF over 4NF ? Justify your
answer. (CO-3, BL-2)
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) What do you mean by Transaction processing ?
What are ACID properties ? (CO-4, BL-1)
(b) What is serializable schedule ? How can it be
found whether a given schedule is serializable or
not ? (CO-5, BL-1)
(c) What is precedence graph ? What is a conflict
serializable schedule ? Can precedence graph be
used to detect a conflict serializable schedule ?
(CO-5, BL-1)

P. T. O.
 [6] BCA–C-301

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Consider the database of a department store as
follows : (CO-1, BL-6)
(i) Each employee is represented. The data
about an employee are his employee
number, name, address, and the department
he works for.
(ii) Each department is represented. The data
about departments are its name employees,
manager, and items sold.
(iii) Each item sold is represented. The data
about items are its name, manufacturer,
price, model and internal item number.
(iv) Each manufacturer is represented. The data
about a manufacturer are its name, address,
item supplied, and price
Construct an E-R diagram for this.
(b) What are nested queries ? Explain with the help
of an example. (CO-1, BL-1)
(c) Elaborate the three level architecture of database
system. (CO-1, BL-6)

BCA–C-301
Roll No. …………………..

BSIT–C-301
B. Sc. (IT) (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2022-23
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1
Time : 22 Hours
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : All questions have to attempted.
Section—A
1. Choice the correct options : 1 each
(a) The ................... is used for creating and
destroying table, indexes and other forms of
structures. (CO1, BL-1)
(i) Data manipulation language
(ii) Data control language
(iii) Transactional control language
(iv) Data definition language
(b) Grant and Revoke are ............... statement.
(CO1, BL-2)
(i) DDL
(ii) TCL
(iii) DCL
(iv) DML

P. T. O.
 [2] BSIT–C-301

(c) ................ command can be used to modify a

column in a table. (CO1, BL-1)
(i) alter
(ii) update
(iii) set
(iv) create
(d) To pass on granted privileges to other user the
.............. clause is used. (CO3, BL-3)
(i) create
(ii) grant option
(iii) update operation
(iv) select option
(e) The language that requires a user to specify the
data to be retrieved without specifying exactly
how to get it is : (CO3, BL-1)
(i) Procedural DML
(ii) Non-Procedural DML
(iii) Procedural DDL
(iv) Non-Procedural DDL
(f) Which of the following SQL commands can be
used to add data to a database table ?
(CO2, BL-1)
(i) insert
(ii) add
(iii) update
(iv) append
 [3] BSIT–C-301

(g) ................ can be used to retrieve data from

multiple table. (CO3, BL-3)
(i) embedded SQL
(ii) Dynamic SQL
(iii) Joins
(iv) views
(h) Relational calculus is called : (CO2, BL-1)
(i) Procedural language
(ii) Non-Procedural language
(iii) Data definition language
(iv) High level language
(i) The database environment has all of the following
components except : (CO3, BL-4)
(i) users
(ii) separate files
(iii) database
(iv) database administrator
(j) Commit and rollback are related to .................... .
(CO5, BL-1)
(i) data integrity
(ii) data consistency
(iii) data sharing
(iv) data security

P. T. O.
 [4] BSIT–C-301

(k) The ................. can be used to ensure database

integrity. (CO1, BL-1)
(i) entity integrity
(ii) database constraints
(iii) referential integrity
(iv) cardinality
(l) What is data integrity ? (CO4, BL-1)
(i) It is the data contained in database that is
non-redundant.
(ii) It is the data contained in database that is
accurate and consistent.
(iii) It is the data contained in database that is
shared.
(iv) All of the above

2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each

(a) What is the difference between DBMS and
RDBMS ? (CO1, BL-2)
(b) Explain the concept of Data Independence.
(CO3, BL-2)
(c) Discuss in detail the operators SELECT,
PROJECT and UNION with suitable examples.
(CO3, BL-6)
(d) Write a note on aggregate function in SQL with
example. (CO2, BL-2)
 [5] BSIT–C-301

(e) Discuss the transaction control commands such as

Comment and Rollback. Explain with suitable
example. (CO5, BL-6)
Section—B
3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) Explain ER model. What are the different types
of mapping constraint ? Draw ER diagram for
hospital with a set of patients and medical
doctors. (CO4, BL-1)
(b) Explain the functional dependency. Explain types
and properties of FD’s. (CO4, BL-5)
(c) Define the following terms : (CO1, BL-5)
(i) Weak and strong entity set
(ii) Database language
(iii) Data abstraction

4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Write the following queries for following set of
tables : (CO2, BL-5)
Employee (Empno, Ename, DoB, Address,
Gender, Salary, DNumber)
Department (DNumber, DName,
ManagerEmpNo, ManagerStartDate)
(i) Display the age of ‘male’ employees
(ii) Display all employees in Department named
‘Marketing’

P. T. O.
 [6] BSIT–C-301

(iii) Display the name of highest salary paid

‘female’ employee
(iv) Which employee is oldest manager in
company
(v) Display the name of the department of the
employee ‘Smith’
(b) What is normalization and why it is done ?
Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF with
example. (CO2, BL-1)
(c) Explain the functional dependency with multi-
valued dependencies with example. (CO2, BL-2)
5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) What is a sub query ? What are different types of
sub queries ? What is correlated sub query ? Give
examples. (CO5, BL-3)
(b) Define Database Management System. What are
the advantage of DBMS over traditional file
based system ? Explain. (CO1, BL-5)
(c) Elaborate the basic constraints that can be
specified in SQL as a part of table creation with
example. (CO3, BL-6)

BSIT–C-301
 [2] BSIT–C-301

(iii) The term ............. is used to refer to a row. (CO1)

Roll No. …………………..
(a) Attribute
(b) Tuple
(c) Field
BSIT–C-301 (d) Instance
(iv) What database ............... which is the logical
B. Sc. (IT) (Third Semester)
design of the database, and the database ..............
EXAMINATION, 2020-21 which is snapshot of the data in the database at a
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM given instant in time. (CO1)
Time : 2 12 Hours (a) instance, schema
Maximum Marks : 60 (b) relation, schema
Note : All questions have to be attempted. (c) relation, domain
Section—A (d) schema, instance
1. Attempt all multiple choice questions, choosing the (v) Which one of the following attribute can be taken
correct option : 1 each
as a primary key ? (CO1)
(i) A relational database consists of a collection of :
(a) Name
(CO1)
(b) Street
(a) Tables
(b) Fields (c) Id
(c) Records (d) Department
(d) Keys (vi) What type of statement is this ? (CO2)
(ii) Which name must be unique within a database ? SELECT * FROM employee
(CO1)
(a) DML
(a) Table
(b) DDL
(b) Field
(c) Record (c) View
(d) Character (d) Integrity constraint

P. T. O.
 [3] BSIT–C-301 [4] BSIT–C-301

(vii) Entity is a/an ............... . (CO1) (xi) Which forms are based on the concept of
(a) Objection of relation functional dependency ? (CO1)
(b) Present working model
(a) 1NF
(c) Thing in real world
(b) 2NF
(d) Model of relation
(viii) Which of the following can be a multivalued (c) 3NF
attribute ? (CO1) (d) 4NF
(a) Phone_number
(xii) Name any one recovery technique to compensate
(b) Name
the loss of data while multiple transactions are in
(c) Date_of_birth
(d) All of the mentioned process and are in state of deadlock. (CO5)

(ix) Consider a directed line (→) from the relationship 2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each
set advisor to both entity sets instructor and
student. This indicates ................ cardinality. (a) What do you understand by normalization ? Why

(CO4) is it necessary to normalise a database ? (CO4)

(a) One to many (b) Differentiate between DBMS and RDBMS. (CO1)
(b) One to one
(c) Explain data integrity constraints and its types.
(c) Many to many
(CO1)
(d) Many to one
(x) Functional dependencies are the types of (d) Consider the following table schema : (CO2)
constraints that are based on .............. . (CO1) Student (Rollno, Name, Marks, Subject)
(a) Key
Write the SQL query to :
(b) Key revisited
(c) Superset key (i) Create table student with appropriate

(d) None of the mentioned constraints.

P. T. O.
 [5] BSIT–C-301 [6] BSIT–C-301

(ii) Insert row with data values : (c) List five responsibilities of DBMS administrator.
Rollno = 111 For each responsibility, explain the problems that

Name = XYZ would arise if the responsibility were not

Marks = 71 discharged. (CO1)

Subject = ABC 5. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each

(iii) Select name of all those students who have (a) Discuss the basic SQL SELECT/FROM/WHERE
score more than 90 marks in ‘DBMS’. framework as the basis for database queries.
(e) Explain superkey, candidate key and unique key. [Comprehension]. (CO2)
(CO1)
(b) Explain various Codd’s rules. (CO1)
Section—B
(c) Explain the usage of the following commands in
3. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each
SQL queries with example : (CO2)
(a) Explain different levels of abstraction in database
management system with diagram. (CO1) (i) TO_DATE( )
(b) Explain the nature and characteristics of (ii) MONTHS( )
databases. (CO1)
(iii) UPPER
(c) Explain the various disadvantages of file system
and explain how it can be overcome by DBMS. (iv) ORDER BY
(CO1) (v) GROUP BY
4. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each (vi) DISTINCT
(a) Design E-R model for School Management
System. (CO4)
(b) Why is BCNF required when it is considered that
a database in 3NF is completely normalize ?
Explain with example. (CO4) BSIT–C-301 80

P. T. O.
 [2] BSIT–C-301

(iii) The term ............. is used to refer to a row. (CO1)

Roll No. …………………..
(a) Attribute
(b) Tuple
(c) Field
BSIT–C-301 (d) Instance
(iv) What database ............... which is the logical
B. Sc. (IT) (Third Semester)
design of the database, and the database ..............
EXAMINATION, 2020-21 which is snapshot of the data in the database at a
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM given instant in time. (CO1)
Time : 2 12 Hours (a) instance, schema
Maximum Marks : 60 (b) relation, schema
Note : All questions have to be attempted. (c) relation, domain
Section—A (d) schema, instance
1. Attempt all multiple choice questions, choosing the (v) Which one of the following attribute can be taken
correct option : 1 each
as a primary key ? (CO1)
(i) A relational database consists of a collection of :
(a) Name
(CO1)
(b) Street
(a) Tables
(b) Fields (c) Id
(c) Records (d) Department
(d) Keys (vi) What type of statement is this ? (CO2)
(ii) Which name must be unique within a database ? SELECT * FROM employee
(CO1)
(a) DML
(a) Table
(b) DDL
(b) Field
(c) Record (c) View
(d) Character (d) Integrity constraint

P. T. O.
 [3] BSIT–C-301 [4] BSIT–C-301

(vii) Entity is a/an ............... . (CO1) (xi) Which forms are based on the concept of
(a) Objection of relation functional dependency ? (CO1)
(b) Present working model
(a) 1NF
(c) Thing in real world
(b) 2NF
(d) Model of relation
(viii) Which of the following can be a multivalued (c) 3NF
attribute ? (CO1) (d) 4NF
(a) Phone_number
(xii) Name any one recovery technique to compensate
(b) Name
the loss of data while multiple transactions are in
(c) Date_of_birth
(d) All of the mentioned process and are in state of deadlock. (CO5)

(ix) Consider a directed line (→) from the relationship 2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each
set advisor to both entity sets instructor and
student. This indicates ................ cardinality. (a) What do you understand by normalization ? Why

(CO4) is it necessary to normalise a database ? (CO4)

(a) One to many (b) Differentiate between DBMS and RDBMS. (CO1)
(b) One to one
(c) Explain data integrity constraints and its types.
(c) Many to many
(CO1)
(d) Many to one
(x) Functional dependencies are the types of (d) Consider the following table schema : (CO2)
constraints that are based on .............. . (CO1) Student (Rollno, Name, Marks, Subject)
(a) Key
Write the SQL query to :
(b) Key revisited
(c) Superset key (i) Create table student with appropriate

(d) None of the mentioned constraints.

P. T. O.
 [5] BSIT–C-301 [6] BSIT–C-301

(ii) Insert row with data values : (c) List five responsibilities of DBMS administrator.
Rollno = 111 For each responsibility, explain the problems that

Name = XYZ would arise if the responsibility were not

Marks = 71 discharged. (CO1)

Subject = ABC 5. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each

(iii) Select name of all those students who have (a) Discuss the basic SQL SELECT/FROM/WHERE
score more than 90 marks in ‘DBMS’. framework as the basis for database queries.
(e) Explain superkey, candidate key and unique key. [Comprehension]. (CO2)
(CO1)
(b) Explain various Codd’s rules. (CO1)
Section—B
(c) Explain the usage of the following commands in
3. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each
SQL queries with example : (CO2)
(a) Explain different levels of abstraction in database
management system with diagram. (CO1) (i) TO_DATE( )
(b) Explain the nature and characteristics of (ii) MONTHS( )
databases. (CO1)
(iii) UPPER
(c) Explain the various disadvantages of file system
and explain how it can be overcome by DBMS. (iv) ORDER BY
(CO1) (v) GROUP BY
4. Attempt any two of the following questions : 6 each (vi) DISTINCT
(a) Design E-R model for School Management
System. (CO4)
(b) Why is BCNF required when it is considered that
a database in 3NF is completely normalize ?
Explain with example. (CO4) BSIT–C-301 80

P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C-301

(c) The row in a relation is known as : (CO1)

Roll No. …………………..
±(i) Attribute
(ii) Tuple
(iii) Domain
BCA–C-301 (iv) Relationship
(d) The view which is closest to the user is : (CO1)
B. C. A. (Third Semester)
(i) External view
EXAMINATION, 2020-21
(ii) Internal view
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Time : 2 21 Hours (iii) Logical view
(iv) Conceptual view
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : Attempt all questions. (e) Consider a relation R (M, L, P) and FD : M  N,
N  P. The highest normal form of R is : (CO3)
Section—A
(i) 1NF
1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each
(ii) 2NF
(a) The  symbol denotes : (CO2)
(iii) 3NF
(i) Select
(iv) 4NF
(ii) Project
(f) Which of the following is an example of physical
(iii) Join data model ? (CO2)
(iv) Rename (i) Oracle 10 g
(b) Consider a relation R (A, B, C) and FD : A  B, (ii) RDBMS
B  C. The candidate key is : (CO3) (iii) Unifying model
(i) A (iv) Hierarchical model
(ii) B (g) Which normal form checks for partial
(iii) C dependency ? (CO3)
(iv) BC (i) 1NF

P. T. O.
 [3] BCA–C-301 [4] BCA–C-301

(ii) 2NF (l) The set of permissible values for an attribute is

(iii) 3NF known as : (CO1)
(iv) 4NF (i) Domain
(h) ‘A’ in ACID properties expands to : (CO4) (ii) Tuple
(i) Atomicity (iii) Join
(ii) Acidity (iv) Key
(iii) Authenticity 2. Attempt any four of the following. (Short answer type
(iv) None of these questions) : 3 each
(i) 2PL expands to : (CO5) (a) What do you mean by physical data
(i) Too phase locking independence ? (CO1)
(ii) Two pure locking (b) What do you mean by natural join ? (CO2)
(iii) Two phase locking
(c) Explain the concept of 1NF. (CO3)
(iv) Too pure locking
(d) What are transaction properties ? (CO4)
(j) Which of the following is not a type of
(e) What is multi-version scheme ? (CO5)
schedule ? (CO5)
Section—B
(i) Serializable schedule
(ii) Non-serializable schedule 3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(iii) Conflict serializable schedule (a) Write relational algebra and relational calculus
(iv) Acidic schedule queries with respect to the following queries :
(k) Which of the following is not a type of recovery (CO2)
technique ? (CO4) (i) Retrieve employee ID and name who work
(i) Log based in department number 20.
(ii) Shadow paging (ii) Retrieve employee’s details that work in
(iii) Context based department number 10 and have salary more
(iv) All of the mentioned than ` 30,000.

P. T. O.
 [5] BCA–C-301 [6] BCA–C-301

(b) What do you mean by DBMS ? Write its (c) Consider the following relation uim_dept : (CO2)
advantages over file based system. (CO1) uim_dept
(c) Explain the locking techniques in concurrency Attribute Data type Size Constraint
control. (CO5) deptno Number 04 PRIMARY
KEY
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each dname Varchar 2 15 NOT
(a) Consider a relation R (A, B, C, D) and NULL

corresponding functional dependency : (CO3) dloc Varchar 2 15 —

(i) Add a new column named department’s
FD :
contact number in the relation uim_dept.
A B (ii) Update the contact numbers of existing
B C departments.
(iii) Changes the size of “dloc” attribute to 20.
Find the highest normal form of relationship. Find
the possible decomposed table (if any).
(b) What do you mean by DML ? Explain any three
parts. (CO1)
(c) What do you mean by normalization ? Explain
any third and fourth normal form. (CO3)

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) What do you mean by transaction processing ?
What are ACID properties ? (CO4)
(b) What do you mean by schedule ? Explain view BCA–C-301 70
serializable schedule. (CO5)

P. T. O.
 [2] BSIT–C-301

Roll No. ………………….. (c) One of the following is a valid record-based data
model :
(1) Object-oriented model
(2) Relational model
BSIT–C-301 (3) Entity-Relationship model
(4) None of these
B. Sc. (IT) (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2019 (d) A top-to-bottom relationship among the items in a
database is established by a :
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Time : 2:30 Hours (1) Hierarchical schema
Maximum Marks : 60 (2) Network schema
Note : All questions are compulsory. (3) Relational Schema
Section—A (4) None of these
1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each (e) An ................ is a set of entities of the same type
(a) The data model which describe how the data is that share the same properties or attributes :
actually stored is : (1) Entity set
(1) Internal model (2) Attribute set
(2) External model (3) Relation set
(3) Logical model (4) Entity model
(4) None of these (f) The attribute AGE is calculated from
(b) The scheme for hierarchical database is : DATE_OF_BIRTH. The attribute AGE is :
(1) A tree (1) Single valued
(2) A graph (2) Multivalued
(3) B-tree (3) Composite
(4) None of these (4) Derived

(B-16) P. T. O. (B-16)
 [3] BSIT–C-301 [4] BSIT–C-301

(g) Which one of the following is a set of one or (k) The deadlock state can be changed back to stable
more attributes taken collectively to uniquely state by using ______________ statement.
identify a record ? (1) Commit
(1) Candidate key (2) Rollback
(2) Sub key (3) Savepoint
(3) Super key (4) Deadlock
(4) Foreign key (l) The storage structure which do not survive
(h) A ______ is a property of the entire relation, system crashes are _______
rather than of the individual tuples in which each (I) Volatile storage
tuple is unique. (2) Non-volatile storage
(1) Rows (3) Stable storage
(2) Key (4) Dynamic storage
(3) Attribute 2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each
(4) Fields (a) Define Database. Also explain the several
(i) Which of the following makes the transaction characteristics of DBMS.
permanent in the database ? (b) What are the various kinds of interactions catered
(1) View by DBMS ?
(2) Commit (c) What are the features of Database language ?
(3) Rollback (d) Enlist the advantages of normalizing database.
(4) Flashback (e) What do you mean by E-R Model ?
(j) Which of the following is used to denote the Section—B
selection operation in relational algebra ? 3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(1) Pi (Greek) (a) Explain the advantages of Database Management
(2) Sigma (Greek) System over File Management System.
(3) Lambda (Greek) (b) What is an Entity ? What is a relationship ?
Explain E-R Modelling with the help of database
(4) Omega (Greek) for a Student Management System.

(B-16) P. T. O. (B-16)
 [5] BSIT–C-301

(c) How are deadlock handled in transaction

processing ? Explain in detail.
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) Define Normalization. Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF
using appropriate example.
(b) Explain shadow paging and log based recovery
scheme.
(c) Discuss the various DDL and DML with
illustrations in SQL
5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) What is functional dependency ? Why some
functional dependencies are called trivial ?
(b) Explain the following in SQL with examples :
(1) COMMIT and ROLLBACK
(2) Aggregate functions
(c) Consider the following relations :
Sailors (sid, sname, rating, age)
Boats (bid, bname, color)
Reserves (sid, bid, day).
Write the following queries in SQL :
(1) Display the details of sailors who have
reserved a red and a green boat.
(2) Find the age of the sailors whose name
begins and ends with ‘B’ and has at east four
characters.
(3) Find the names of sailors with a rating of 10.

BSIT–C-301

(B-16) P. T. O.
Roll No. …………………..

BSC-IT–C301
B. Sc. (IT) (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2018-19
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1
Time : 22 Hours
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : All questions are compulsory.
Section—A
1. Multiple choice questions/Fill in the blanks/True-
False : 1 each
(a) In relational model tuple is referred to :
(i) Row
(ii) Column
(iii) Domain
(iv) Attribute
(b) Which keyword is used with ALTER command
in SQL to insert new column in a table ?
(i) ADD
(ii) INSERT
(iii) MODIFY
(iv) DROP
 [2] MBA–106

(c) The symbol used to represent derived attribute in

ER diagram is :
(i) Double Ellipse
(ii) Dashed Ellipse
(iii) Double Rectangle
(iv) Rectangle
(d) An entity set that does not have sufficient
attributes to form primary key is called :
(i) Simple Entity
(ii) Weak Entity
(iii) Strong Entity
(iv) Sequential Entity
(e) The view which is closest to the user is called :
(i) External View
(ii) Internal View
(iii) Physical View
(iv) Storage View
(f) Which normal form is considered adequate for
relational database design ?
(i) 2NF
(ii) 3NF
(iii) BCNF
(iv) 4NF
 [3] MBA–106

(g) The SQL character function used to display the

data in small letters is :
(i) UPPER( )
(ii) LOWER( )
(iii) TRIM( )
(iv) SUBSTR( )
(h) The SQL statement used to CHANGE the schema
of a table is :
(i) UPDATE
(ii) ALTER
(iii) DROP
(iv) CREATE
(i) Which of the following is a record based logical
model ?
(i) ER model
(ii) Network model
(iii) Unifying model
(iv) Object Oriented model
(j) The candidate key can have NULL values.
(True/False)
(k) The candidate key in the relation R (X, Y, Z)
having FDs : X → Y, Y → Z is _______.
(l) FD is an acronym for ______.
 [4] MBA–106

2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each

(a) Write about any four SQL character functions.
(b) Explain the concept of generalization.
(c) What do you mean by multivalued dependency ?
Give example.
(d) What do you mean by data independence ?
(e) What do mean by ER model ?
Section—B

3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Differentiate between relational model and
network model.
(b) What do you mean by database management
system ? Explain its architecture.
(c) Implement SQL queries :
(i) Add new column named age in employee
table.
(ii) Replace the character ‘i’ with ‘e’ in
employee having name as Dipinder’.
(iii) Write query to implement primary key
constraint.

4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Explain three tier architecture of DBMS.
 [5] MBA–106

(b) Identify all the entities, attributes, keys from the

following ER diagram. What are the minimum
numbers of tables required to convert the ER
diagram into tables ?

(c) What do you mean by domain integrity

constraint ? Explain with the help of example.

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Explain second, third and fifth normal forms with
the help of example.
(b) Given a relation R(P, Q R, S) and FDs : PS → Q,
P → R. Find super keys and primary key.
(c) What do you mean by SQL ? Write its
characteristics. Explain the concept of DDL.

BSC-IT–C301 80
Roll No. …………………..

BCA–C-202
Bachelor of Computer Application
(Second Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2018
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Time : 2 1
2
Hours
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : All question have to be attempted.
Section—A
1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each
(i) Which normal form is considered adequate for
normal relational Database design ?
(a) 2 NF
(b) 4 NF
(c) BCNF
(d) 3 NF
(ii) In Codd‟s rules of relational model, there are
........... rules.
(a) 8
(b) 10
(c) 11
(d) 12

(A-19) P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C-202

(iii) A key that consists of more than one attribute to

uniquely identify rows in a table :
(a) Composite key
(b) Candidate key
(c) Primary key
(d) Foreign key
(iv) In E. R. diagram “Double rectangle” represents :
(a) Relationship set
(b) Weak entity set
(c) Deriveds attributes
(d) Multi-valued atributes
(v) Primary key column can be null :
(a) True
(b) False
(c) Depend on stituation
(d) Can‟t say
(vi) A table joined with itself is called :
(a) Join
(b) Self join
(c) Outer join
(d) Equi-join
(vii) The term attribute refers to ......... of a table.
(a) Row
(b) Column
(c) Tuple
(d) Key
(A-19)
 [3] BCA–C-202

(viii) DMA transfer is initiated by :

(a) Processor
(c) Process
(c) I/O
(d) OS
(ix) Which database level is close to user ?
(a) External
(b) Internal
(c) Physical
(d) Conceptual
(x) .......... ensure that once transition changes are
done, they can‟t be undone or lost, even in the
event of a system failure.
(a) Atomicity
(b) Consistency
(c) Durability
(d) Isolation
(xi) In the ......... normal form, a composite attribute is
converted to individual attributes.
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
(xii) A relational database consists of a collection of :
(a) Tables

(A-19) P. T. O.
 [4] BCA–C-202

(b) Fields
(c) Records
(d) Keys
2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each
(a) Differentiate between hierarchical and network
model.
(b) Differentiate between alternate and foreign key.
(c) Explain DDL and DML queries in SQL.
(d) Illustrate the need for database design.
(e) Define transaction acid property.
Section—B
(Short Answer Type Questions)
3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) Discuss the advantage of RDBMS over a
traditional flat file system.
(b) Draw an E. R. diagram for a recruitment firm.
(Assume the entities and relations as may exist) :
(i) Three are multiple department and each
department has multiple post.
(ii) A recruitment can apply for multiple post.
(c) Explain the concept of generalization and
specialization with example.
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) What is normalization ? Explain the 3 NF and
BCNF with example.

(A-19)
 [5] BCA–C-202

(b) Consider the relational table given below and

execute the following SQL queries :
Students (Roll_No, Name, DOB, Gender, Place
of Birth)
(i) List the name of students who start with „P‟
and „S‟.
(ii) List the name of students who are born after
1-1-2004.
(iii) Display the name of students in ascending
order.
(c) What is relational algebra ? Explain different
relation algebra operations.

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) What is database recovery ? Explain immediate
update and differed update techniques of
recovery.
(b) Explain insert, update and delete anomalies.
(c) What is cardinality ? Explain various types of
cardinality with example.

BCA–C-202 110

(A-19) P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C-301

(c) The row in a relation is known as : (CO1)

Roll No. …………………..
±(i) Attribute
(ii) Tuple
(iii) Domain
BCA–C-301 (iv) Relationship
(d) The view which is closest to the user is : (CO1)
B. C. A. (Third Semester)
(i) External view
EXAMINATION, 2020-21
(ii) Internal view
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Time : 2 21 Hours (iii) Logical view
(iv) Conceptual view
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : Attempt all questions. (e) Consider a relation R (M, L, P) and FD : M  N,
N  P. The highest normal form of R is : (CO3)
Section—A
(i) 1NF
1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each
(ii) 2NF
(a) The  symbol denotes : (CO2)
(iii) 3NF
(i) Select
(iv) 4NF
(ii) Project
(f) Which of the following is an example of physical
(iii) Join data model ? (CO2)
(iv) Rename (i) Oracle 10 g
(b) Consider a relation R (A, B, C) and FD : A  B, (ii) RDBMS
B  C. The candidate key is : (CO3) (iii) Unifying model
(i) A (iv) Hierarchical model
(ii) B (g) Which normal form checks for partial
(iii) C dependency ? (CO3)
(iv) BC (i) 1NF

P. T. O.
 [3] BCA–C-301 [4] BCA–C-301

(ii) 2NF (l) The set of permissible values for an attribute is

(iii) 3NF known as : (CO1)
(iv) 4NF (i) Domain
(h) ‘A’ in ACID properties expands to : (CO4) (ii) Tuple
(i) Atomicity (iii) Join
(ii) Acidity (iv) Key
(iii) Authenticity 2. Attempt any four of the following. (Short answer type
(iv) None of these questions) : 3 each
(i) 2PL expands to : (CO5) (a) What do you mean by physical data
(i) Too phase locking independence ? (CO1)
(ii) Two pure locking (b) What do you mean by natural join ? (CO2)
(iii) Two phase locking
(c) Explain the concept of 1NF. (CO3)
(iv) Too pure locking
(d) What are transaction properties ? (CO4)
(j) Which of the following is not a type of
(e) What is multi-version scheme ? (CO5)
schedule ? (CO5)
Section—B
(i) Serializable schedule
(ii) Non-serializable schedule 3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(iii) Conflict serializable schedule (a) Write relational algebra and relational calculus
(iv) Acidic schedule queries with respect to the following queries :
(k) Which of the following is not a type of recovery (CO2)
technique ? (CO4) (i) Retrieve employee ID and name who work
(i) Log based in department number 20.
(ii) Shadow paging (ii) Retrieve employee’s details that work in
(iii) Context based department number 10 and have salary more
(iv) All of the mentioned than ` 30,000.

P. T. O.
 [5] BCA–C-301 [6] BCA–C-301

(b) What do you mean by DBMS ? Write its (c) Consider the following relation uim_dept : (CO2)
advantages over file based system. (CO1) uim_dept
(c) Explain the locking techniques in concurrency Attribute Data type Size Constraint
control. (CO5) deptno Number 04 PRIMARY
KEY
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each dname Varchar 2 15 NOT
(a) Consider a relation R (A, B, C, D) and NULL

corresponding functional dependency : (CO3) dloc Varchar 2 15 —

(i) Add a new column named department’s
FD :
contact number in the relation uim_dept.
A B (ii) Update the contact numbers of existing
B C departments.
(iii) Changes the size of “dloc” attribute to 20.
Find the highest normal form of relationship. Find
the possible decomposed table (if any).
(b) What do you mean by DML ? Explain any three
parts. (CO1)
(c) What do you mean by normalization ? Explain
any third and fourth normal form. (CO3)

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) What do you mean by transaction processing ?
What are ACID properties ? (CO4)
(b) What do you mean by schedule ? Explain view BCA–C-301 70
serializable schedule. (CO5)

P. T. O.
Roll No. …………………..

BCA–C-301
B. C. A. (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2022-23
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Time : 2 21 Hours

Maximum Marks : 60

Note : All questions have to be attempted.

Section—A

1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each

(a) Which of the following is known as a set of

entities of the same type that share same
properties, or attributes ? (CO-1, BL-1)

(i) Tuples

(ii) Entity set

(iii) Relation set

(iv) Entity relation model

P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C-301

(b) The ability to query data, as well as insert, delete,

and alter tuples, is offered by _____________.
(CO-1, BL-1)
(i) TCL (Transaction Control Language)
(ii) DCL (Data Control Language)
(iii) DDL (Data Definition Language)
(iv) DML (Data Manipulation Language)
(c) Two tables can be linked with relationship to
__________. (CO-1, BL-2)
(i) Ensure data entry
(ii) Ensure data integrity
(iii) Create primary key
(iv) Ensure foreign key
(d) Which command is used to remove a relation
from an SQL ? (CO-1, BL-1)
(i) Drop table
(ii) Delete
(iii) Purge
(iv) Remove
(e) A data dictionary is a repository that manages
_________. (CO-2, BL-2)
(i) Memory
(ii) Metadata
(iii) Spell checker
(iv) Data Validator
 [3] BCA–C-301

(f) Which of the operations constitute a basic set of

operations for manipulating relational data ?
(CO-1, BL-1)
(i) Predicate calculus
(ii) Relational calculus
(iii) Relational algebra
(iv) None of the above
(g) The file organization that provides vary fast
access to any arbitrary record of a file is :
(CO-2, BL-1)
(i) Ordered file
(ii) Unordered file
(iii) Hashed file
(iv) B-tree
(h) Problem of testing view serializability is :
(CO-5, BL-5)
(i) P problem
(ii) NP hard
(iii) NP problem
(iv) NP complete
(i) The deadlock in a set of a transaction can be
determined by : (CO-5, BL-1)
(i) Read only graph
(ii) Wait graph
(iii) Wait for graph
(iv) All of the mentioned

P. T. O.
 [4] BCA–C-301

(j) Every Boyy Codd normal form is in :

(CO-3, BL-1)
(i) First normal form
(ii) Second normal form
(iii) Third normal form
(iv) All of the above
(k) If an transaction is performed in a database and
committed, the changes are taken to the previous
state of transaction by : (CO-4, BL-2)
(i) Flashback
(ii) Rollback
(iii) Both Flashback and Rollback
(iv) Cannot be done
(l) Data isolation caused due to ________ in
traditional file system. (CO-2, BL-1)
(i) Scattering of data
(ii) Duplicate data
(iii) Complex data
(iv) Atomic data
2. Attempt any four of the following (Short answer type
questions) : 3 each
(a) Define Referential integrity constraint. Explain.
(CO-1, BL-4)
(b) What are the weak entity sets ? How a weak
entity set can be converted into strong entity set ?
(CO-1, BL-l)
 [5] BCA–C-301

(c) What is Indexing ? (CO-2, BL-1)

(d) Explain 3NF with example. (CO-3, BL-2)
(e) What is transaction ? (CO-4, BL-l)
Section—B
3. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) Suppose that we decompose the schema r (A, B,
C, D, E) into r1(A, B, C) and r2(A, D, E). Show
that this decomposition is a lossless
decomposition if the following set F of functional
dependencies holds : (CO-3, BL-2)
A → BC, CD → E, B → D, E → A
(b) Discuss the exclusive and shared lock. How do
Locks result into deadlock and howdeadlock can
be handled ? (CO-5, BL-6)
(c) Describe 4NF with the help of an example.
Would you prefer BCNF over 4NF ? Justify your
answer. (CO-3, BL-2)
4. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each
(a) What do you mean by Transaction processing ?
What are ACID properties ? (CO-4, BL-1)
(b) What is serializable schedule ? How can it be
found whether a given schedule is serializable or
not ? (CO-5, BL-1)
(c) What is precedence graph ? What is a conflict
serializable schedule ? Can precedence graph be
used to detect a conflict serializable schedule ?
(CO-5, BL-1)

P. T. O.
 [6] BCA–C-301

5. Attempt any two of the following : 6 each

(a) Consider the database of a department store as
follows : (CO-1, BL-6)
(i) Each employee is represented. The data
about an employee are his employee
number, name, address, and the department
he works for.
(ii) Each department is represented. The data
about departments are its name employees,
manager, and items sold.
(iii) Each item sold is represented. The data
about items are its name, manufacturer,
price, model and internal item number.
(iv) Each manufacturer is represented. The data
about a manufacturer are its name, address,
item supplied, and price
Construct an E-R diagram for this.
(b) What are nested queries ? Explain with the help
of an example. (CO-1, BL-1)
(c) Elaborate the three level architecture of database
system. (CO-1, BL-6)

BCA–C-301
Roll No. …………………..

BCA–C301
B. C. A. (Third Semester)
EXAMINATION, 2023-24
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1
Time : 22 Hours
Maximum Marks : 60
Note : All questions have to attempted.
Section—A
1. Multiple choice questions : 1 each
(a) What is DBMS ? (CO1, BL-1)
(i) DBMS is a collection of queries
(ii) DBMS is a high-level language
(iii) DBMS is a programming language
(iv) DBMS stores, modifies and retrieves data
(b) In which of the following formats data is stored in
the database management system ? (CO1, BL-1)
(i) Image
(ii) Text
(iii) Table
(iv) Graph

P. T. O.
 [2] BCA–C301

(c) The values appearing in given attributes of any

tuple in the referencing relation must likewise
occur in specified attributes of at least one tuple
in the referenced relation, according to
.................. integrity constraint. (CO2, BL-1)
(i) Referential
(ii) Primary
(iii) Referencing
(iv) Specific
(d) The ability to query data, as well as insert, delete,
and alter tuples, is offered by ................... .
(CO2, BL-1)
(i) TCL (Transaction Control Language)
(ii) DCL (Data Control Language)
(iii) DDL (Data Definition Language)
(iv) DML (Data Manipulation Language)
(e) .................. is a set of one or more attributes taken
collectively to uniquely identify a record.
(CO2, BL-1)
(i) Primary key
(ii) Foreign key
(iii) Super key
(iv) Candidate key
 [3] BCA–C301

(f) Which of the following set should be associated

with weak entity set for weak entity to be
meaningful ? (CO2, BL-1)

(i) Neighbour set

(ii) Strong entity set

(iii) Owner set

(iv) Identifying set

(g) ........................ operations do not preserve non-

matched tuples. (CO3, BL-1)

(i) Left outer join

(ii) Inner join

(iii) Natural join

(iv) Right outer join

(h) Which of the following key is required in to

handle the data when the encryption is applied to
the data so that the unauthorised user cannot
access the data ? (CO2, BL-1)

(i) Primary key

(ii) Authorised key

(iii) Encryption key

(iv) Decryption key

P. T. O.
 [4] BCA–C301

(i) Dates must be specified in the format :

(CO2, BL-1)
(i) mm/dd/yy
(ii) yyyy/mm/dd
(iii) dd/mmlyy
(iv) yy/dd/mm
(j) SELECT ................. .
FROM instructor
WHERE dept name = ‘Comp. Sci.’;
Which of the following should be used to find the
mean of the salary ? (CO3, BL-1)
(i) Mean(salary)
(ii) Avg(salary)
(iii) Sum(salary)
(iv) Count(salary)
(k) SELECT name .................. instructor name,
course Id
FROM instructor, teaches
WHERE [Link] = [Link];
Which keyword must be used here to rename the
field name ? (CO3, BL-1)
(i) From
(ii) Rename
(iii) As
(iv) Join
 [5] BCA–C301

(l) For select operation the .................. appear in the

subscript and the ............... argument appears in
the paranthesis after the sigma. (CO2, BL-1)
(i) Relation, Operation
(ii) Relation, Predicates
(iii) Operation, Predicates
(iv) Predicates, Relation
2. Attempt any four of the following : 3 each
(a) What are the different types of Mapping
Constraints in three architecture ? (CO1, BL-1)
(b) Define loss less join decompositions.
(CO5, BL-2)
(c) Explain different of aggregate function in Sql
with proper example. (CO3, BL-2)
(d) You have a table named students with the
following columns, write down the query for
following question. (CO3, BL-6)
student_id (unique identifier for each student)
name (name of the student)
grade (the grade of the student, which can be ‘A’,
‘B’, ‘C’, or ‘D’)
(i) Write an SQL query to count the number of
students in each grade.
(ii) Add new column student id and student
name.
(iii) Write query to insert 5 values in Student
Table.
(e) Explain different types anomaly in DBMS.
(CO1, BL-2)

P. T. O.
 [6] BCA–C301

Section—B
3. Attempt any two questions : 6 each
(a) What is algebraic operations in DBMS. Consider
a relational database with two tables : Students
and Courses. The Students table has attributes :
StudentID, FirstName, LastName, and GPA. The
Courses table has attributes : CourseID,
CourseName, and Instructor. (CO3, BL-6)
(i) Write a relational algebra expression to find
the names of students (i.e., FirstName and
LastNanie) who have a CPA greater than
3.5.
(ii) Write a relational algebra expression to
retrieve a list of courses (i.e., CourseName)
taught by an instructor named ‘Smith’.
(b) Case Study : In a university, a Student enrolls in
Courses. A student must be assigned to at least
one or more Courses. Each course is taught by a
single Professor. To maintain instruction quality,
a Professor can deliver only one course.
Create an ER Diagram of the following case
defining all the step. (CO2, BL-6)
(c) What are the different types of keys in SQL ?
Explain all keys with proper example.
(CO2, BL-2)
 [7] BCA–C301

4. Attempt any two questions : 6 each

(a) Create two tables : uscs_employee and
uscs_department. (CO2, BL-6)
The employee table has employee’s Id,
employee’s name and employee’s department
number.
The department table has department number,
department name and department location. Solve
the following queries :
(i) Display the structure of the uscs_employee
table.
(ii) Display the structures of uscs_department
table.
(iii) Insert at least three department details in the
uses_department table.
(iv) Insert employee details working in the
corresponding departments as in the
uscs_department table.
(v) Display the data uscs_department and
uscs_employee table.
(vi) Examine the error message by inserting a
value in employee_department_no which is
not there in uscs_department table
deprtment_no, write error message and
reason.

P. T. O.
 [8] BCA–C301

(b) Discuss the concept of functional dependencies in

the context of database normalization. Explain
what functional dependencies are and how they
are related to the process of normalizing a
relational database. Provide examples to illustrate
different types of functional dependencies.
(CO4, BL-2)
(c) Discuss the two main approaches to deadlock
handling in a DBMS : deadlock prevention and
deadlock detection and resolution. Compare and
contrast these approaches, highlighting their
advantages and disadvantages. (CO5, BL-6)
5. Attempt any two questions : 6 each
(a) Explain the concept of ACID properties in the
context of database management systems
(DBMS). Define each of the four ACID
properties (Atomicity, Consistency, isolation, and
Durability) and discuss their significance in
ensuring data integrity and reliability in a
database. (CO5, BL-6)
(b) Explain three tier architecture in DBMS.
(CO1, BL-2)
(c) You’ve been tasked with designing and managing
a database for an online bookstore. The database
will store information about books, authors,
customers, orders, and shipments. You need to
create a database schema and develop SQL
commands to perform various tasks for the online
bookstore. (CO3, BL-6)
 [9] BCA–C301

Requirements and Entities :

• Books : Each book has a unique BookID, a
title, an ISBN, a publication year, a price, and
an inventory quantity. Books can belong to
specific categories (e.g., Fiction, Non-
Fiction).
• Authors : Authors are identified by a unique
AuthorID and have a first name, last name,
and a bio.
• Customers : Customers have a unique
CustomerlD, a first name, a last name, an
email address, and a shipping address.
• Orders : Orders have a unique OrderID, a
creation date, and are associated with a
specific customer.
• Order Details : Each order may contain
multiple books. For each book within an
order, you need to track the quantity ordered,
the book’s price at the time of the order, and
any discounts applied.
• Shipments : Shipments have a unique
ShipmentID, a tracking number, and a status
(e.g., Shipped, Delivered). Each shipment
corresponds to a specific order.

P. T. O.
 [ 10 ] BCA–C301

Tasks :
SQL Commands for Database Setup :
Write an SQL command to create the tables for
the database, incorporating the schema you
designed.
Specie’ the data types and constraints for each
column as needed.
Data Population :
Insert sample data for two books, three authors,
two customers, one order, and one shipment.
Book Inventory Update :
Write an SQL command to update the inventory
quantity of a specific book, decreasing it by 5.
Customer Order :
Create a new order for a customer, including
order details for two books.
Calculate the total cost of the order.
Order Tracking :
Write an SQL query to retrieve the order details
for a specific customer’s order, including the
book titles, quantities, and total cost.
Author Search :
Create an SQL query to find authors whose last
name contains ‘Smith’ and list their book titles.
 [ 11 ] BCA–C301

Shipment Status Update :

Update the status of a specific shipment to
‘Delivered’ using an SQL command.
Data Deletion :
Write SQL commands to delete a book, an author,
and a customer, ensuring that any related records
(e.g., orders) are handled appropriately.
Please provide SQL commands for each task,
along with explanations where necessary. Use
your designed database schema and populate the
database with the provided sample data.

BCA–C301

P. T. O.