CH2216B Tutorial 4 12 September 2025
RESIDUAL PROPERTIES
Question 1
Estimate the 𝑉 𝑅 , 𝐻 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑅 of 1,3 Butadiene at 500 K and 20 bar using the generalized second-
virial coefficient correlations.
Question 2
Estimate the 𝑉 𝑅 , 𝐻 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑅 of n-Pentane at 564 K and 6.7 bar using the Lee\Kesler correlations.
VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM
Question 3
Calculate the bubble point pressure and the vapor composition of a binary mixture of benzene and
ethylbenzene at 90 oC.
Question 4
For a mixture of 10 mole % methane, 20 mole % ethane, and 70 mole % propane at 10°C (283.15
K), determine the
a. Dewpoint pressure,
b. Bubble point pressure
1
SOLUTION
Question 1
Estimate the 𝑉 𝑅 , 𝐻 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑅 of 1,3 Butadiene at 500 K and 20 bar using the generalized second-
virial coefficients correlations.
Tc = 425.2 K, Pc = 44.77 bar and 𝜔 = 0.190
𝑇 500 𝐾
𝑇𝑟 = = = 1.176
𝑇𝑐 425.2 𝐾
𝑃 20 𝑏𝑎𝑟
𝑃𝑟 = = = 0.467
𝑃𝑐 44.77 𝑏𝑎𝑟
0.422 0.422
Bo = 0.08 − = B o
= 0.08 − = −0.331
Tr1.6 1.1762.6
0.179 0.179
B1 = 0.139 − 4.2
= B1 = 0.139 − = 0.0484
Tr 1.1764.2
Finding VR
RTc o
VR = (B + ωB1 )
Pc
83.14 × 425.2
VR = (−0.331 + (0.190 × 0.0484) = −282 𝑐𝑚3 /𝑚𝑜𝑙
42.77
Finding HR
dBo 0.675 0.675
= 2.6 = = 0.4
dTr Tr 1.1762.6
And
dB1 0.722 0.722
= 5.2 = = 0.311
dTr Tr 1.1765.2
2
dB1 0.722
= = 0.311
dTr 1.1765.2
Then
HR will be...
HR o
dBo 1
dB1
= Pr [B − Tr + ω (B − Tr )]
RTc dTr dTr
HR
= 0.467[(−0.331) − (1.176 × 0.4113) + (0.190)(0.0484 − (1.176 × 0.311) )]
RTc
= −163.16
Taking R = 8.314 J/mol.K
H R = −163.16 × 𝑅𝑇𝑐 = −163.16 × 8.314 × 425.2 = −1356.5 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Finding SR
SR dBo dB1
= −Pr (Tr +ω )
R dTr dTr
SR
= −0.467[(1.176 × 0.4113) + (0.190 × 0.311)] = −0.2535
R
S R = −2.107 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾
Question 2
Estimate the 𝑉 𝑅 , 𝐻 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆 𝑅 of n-Pentane at 564 K and 6.7 bar using the Lee\Kesler correlations.
Tc = 469.7 K, Pc = 33.70 bar and 𝜔 = 0.252
𝑇 564 𝐾
𝑇𝑟 = = = 1.20
𝑇𝑐 469.7 𝐾
3
𝑃 6.7
𝑃𝑟 = = = 0.198 ≈ 0.20
𝑃𝑐 33.7
Finding VR
RT
VR = (Z − 1)
P
We need to find the compressibility factor Z using the formula below:
Z = Z o + 𝜔𝑍1
However, we need to use Zo and Z1, utilizing the Lee/Kesler generalized correlations tables (Tables
D1, D2, D3, and D4), as shown in the attached appendix.
At Tr = 1.20 and Pr = 0.20
𝑍 𝑜 = 0.9611
𝑍1 = 0.0084
Z = Z o + 𝜔𝑍1 = 0.9611 + (0.252 × 0.0084) = 0.963
Therefore,
R
RT 83.14 𝑐𝑚3 𝑏𝑎𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾 × 564 𝐾
V = (Z − 1) = × (0.963 − 1) = −258.95 𝑐𝑚3 /𝑚𝑜𝑙
P 6.7 𝑏𝑎𝑟
Finding HR
Under the same conditions, Tr = 1.20 and Pr = 0.20 use Table D5, D6, D7, and D8.
𝑜
HR
( ) = −0.148
RTc
𝐽
(H R )𝑜 = −0.148 𝑅𝑇𝑐 = −0.148 × 8.314 . 𝐾 × 469.7 𝐾 = −578.0 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙
4
1
HR
( ) = −0.080
RTc
(H R )1 = −312.4 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾
Therefore,
H R = (H R )o + ω(H R )1
H R = −578.0 + (0.252 × (−312.4)) = −656.73 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Finding SR
𝑜
SR
( ) = −0.085
R
(𝑆 𝑅 )𝑜 = −0.707 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾
1
SR
( ) = −0.075
R
(𝑆 𝑅 )1 = −0.624 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾
Therefore,
S R = (S R )o + ω(S R )1 = −0.707 + (0.252 × (−0.624) = −0.864 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙. 𝐾
5
Question 3
Calculate the bubble point pressure and the vapor composition of a binary mixture of benzene and
ethylbenzene at 90 oC.
𝐵
ln 𝑃 𝑠𝑎𝑡 (𝑘𝑃𝑎) = 𝐴 −
𝑇(℃) + 𝐶
6
2726.81
ln 𝑃 𝑠𝑎𝑡 (𝑘𝑃𝑎) = 13.7819 −
90 + 217.572
𝑃𝐵𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 136.0 𝑘𝑃𝑎
𝑃𝐸𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 24.26 𝑘𝑃𝑎
7
Question 4
For a mixture of 10 mole % methane, 20 mole % ethane, and 70 mole % propane at 10°C (283.15
K), determine the
a. Dewpoint pressure,
b. Bubble point pressure
8
9
10
11
Appendix
HR dBo dB1
= Pr [Bo − Tr + ω (B1 − Tr )]
RTc dTr dTr
SR dBo dB1
= −Pr (Tr +ω )
R dTr dTr
0.422
Bo = 0.08 −
Tr1.6
0.179
B1 = 0.139 −
Tr4.2
dBo 0.675
= 2.6
dTr Tr
dB1 0.722
= 5.2
dTr Tr
RTc o
VR = (B + ωB1 )
Pc
H R = (H R )o + ω(H R )1
S R = (S R )o + ω(S R )1
RT
VR = (Z − 1)
P
Z = Z o + 𝜔𝑍1
𝐵
ln 𝑃 𝑠𝑎𝑡 (𝑘𝑃𝑎) = 𝐴 −
𝑇(℃) + 𝐶
𝐵
log10 𝑃 𝑠𝑎𝑡 (𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔) = 𝐴 −
𝑇(℃) + 𝐶
12
