(a) Four-digit positive integers formed from digits {1,2,3,5,6,7,9}.
• If digits may be repeated: total 74=24017^4=240174=2401.
o Even: last digit must be 2 or 6 ⇒ 73⋅2=6867^3\cdot2=68673⋅2=686.
o Odd: last digit one of {1,3,5,7,9}\{1,3,5,7,9\}{1,3,5,7,9} ⇒
73⋅5=17157^3\cdot5=171573⋅5=1715.
(Check: 686+1715=2401686+1715=2401686+1715=2401.)
• If digits must be distinct (no repetition): total = number of permutations
P(7,4)=7⋅6⋅5⋅4=840P(7,4)=7\cdot6\cdot5\cdot4=840P(7,4)=7⋅6⋅5⋅4=840.
o Even (last digit 2 or 6): choose last (2 ways), then arrange the remaining 3
places from the remaining 6 digits: 2⋅P(6,3)=2⋅(6⋅5⋅4)=2402\cdot
P(6,3)=2\cdot(6\cdot5\cdot4)=2402⋅P(6,3)=2⋅(6⋅5⋅4)=240.
o Odd (last digit one of 5 choices): 5⋅P(6,3)=5⋅120=6005\cdot
P(6,3)=5\cdot120=6005⋅P(6,3)=5⋅120=600.
(Check: 240+600=840240+600=840240+600=840.)
(b) Six-letter sequences from {A,B,C,…,G}\{A,B,C,\dots,G\}{A,B,C,…,G} (7 letters) such that
either BD or BG appears together (adjacent, in that order).
We assume letters are used at most once (sequences of length 6 chosen from 7 distinct
letters).
• Count sequences where BD appears as a block: treat BD as one item, choose the
other 4 letters from the remaining 5 (C(5,4)=5C(5,4)=5C(5,4)=5 choices), then
permute the 5 items: 5⋅5!=5⋅120=6005\cdot5!=5\cdot120=6005⋅5!=5⋅120=600.
• Same for BG: 600600600.
• They cannot both occur simultaneously (would require B twice), so total
600+600=1200600+600=1200600+600=1200.
(c) Class has 10 girls and 8 boys; pick two winners who must be of the same sex.
Number of ways = (102)+(82)=45+28=73.\binom{10}{2}+\binom{8}{2}=45+28=73.(210)+(28
)=45+28=73.
(d) Seven different morning courses and five different afternoon courses. If a student
enrolls in only one course, how many choices?
Total choices = 7+5=12.7+5=12.7+5=12.
(e) Select one junior representative and one senior representative where junior class has 52
students and senior has 49.
Number of ways = 52×49=2548.52\times49=2548.52×49=2548.
If you want, I can (1) show the detailed step-by-step work for any part, (2) produce the same
answers under different assumptions, or (3) format these into a neat PDF or worksheet.
Which would you like next?
