- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
1 transverse 1
2 (number of) 1
cycles / vibrations / waves AND
per unit time / second
3(a) S 1
3(b) Q 1
4 2.5 (Hz) (1) 3
25 ÷ 10 (1)
(frequency =)
number of (complete) waves
sent out OR
number of (complete) waves
passing a point in one
second / unit time OR
1 Hz is 1 wave in one second
OR
number of waves time taken
(1)
5 any electromagnetic wave OR 1
an S-wave
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
6 EITHER 2
wavelength (1)
(of) waves (in shallow water) is
shorter / smaller ORA (1)
OR
speed (1)
(of) waves / wavefronts (in
shallow water) is slower ORA
(1)
7(a) wavelength shorter (1) 2
correct refraction (1)
7(b) direction of travel perpendicular 1
to wavefronts
8 horizontal line drawn between 2 1
peaks OR
any 2 adjacent similar points on
the wave
9 longitudinal (vibrations) are 2
parallel to the direction of
propagation (1)
transverse (vibrations) are
perpendicular / at right angles to
the direction of propagation
(1)
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
10 wavefronts semicircles or part 2
semicircles centred on gap (1)
wavelength of waves to right of
barrier same as wavelength of
incident wave (1)
11 (monochromatic light) is light of 1
a single frequency
12(a) one amplitude drawn on the 1
diagram and labelled A
12(b) one wavelength drawn on the 1
diagram and labelled L
13 5.4 × 1014 Hz (3) 3
OR ALLOW
(speed of light =) 3 × 108 (m / s)
(1)
(f = ) v / λ in any form OR 3.0 ×
108 / 5.6 × 10–7 (1)
14 same size (1) 2
upright (1)
15(a) normal (line) 1
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
15(b) correct angle clearly indicated 1
15(c) angle of incidence = angle of 1
reflection
16 EITHER 2
angle of incidence is 0° (1)
(hence) angle of refraction is 0°
(1)
OR
all the wavefront hits the plastic
at the same time (1)
all slows down at the same time
(1)
17 any two from: 2
virtual (1)
upright (1)
same size as object (1)
laterally inverted (1)
18 ray from left hand corner of the 2
mirror to point X (1)
angle of incidence = angle of
reflection (1)
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
19(a) straight line from clock to mirror 2
AND from mirror to eye with
correct arrows (1)
Angle of incidence = angle of
reflection (1)
19(b) Correct position of image 1
19(c) Virtual (no mark) 1
And
Cannot be projected on a screen
/ light doesn’t pass through
image / AW
19(d) 9 o’clock 1
20(a) 62° 1
20(b) reflection 2
total internal (reflection)
20(c) ray refracted away from 1
normal
21 infrared 1
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
22(a) gamma / (rays) on the left 2
hand side (1)
ultraviolet / uv (rays) between
X-rays and visible light (1)
22(b) the same (speed as) (1) 1
23(a) infrared AND microwaves AND 1
radio waves
23(b) radio waves 1
24 remote controls / heat 2
lamps / heaters / thermal
imaging / night vision /
security
cameras / heaters / grills / measuring
blood (1)
oxygen or pulse
oximeters / measuring body
temperature /
thermal thermometer (1)
25 ultraviolet / X-rays / gamma 1
rays
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
26 basic description of use e.g. 2
X-rays for detecting broken
bones (1)
additional detail e.g. X-rays pass
through soft tissue AND not
through bone (1)
27 infrared / microwaves / radio 1
(waves)
28 microwave 1
29 ultraviolet / UV OR 1
X-ray OR
γ / gamma (rays)
30 any two from: 2
imaging / scanning bones /
internal organs owtte (1)
treating cancer (1)
bone density measurements (1)
security scans (of baggage /
parcels / freight at port / airport)
(1)
space telescopes (1)
31 alters genes / DNA OR 1
kills cells OR
(cell) mutations OR
cancer
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
32 (microwaves) 3 × 108 m / s (1) 2
(X-rays) 3 × 108 m / s (1)
33 any three from: 3
- shielding of operator behind
screen / lead apron / out of room
AND to absorb radiation
- shielding of other parts of
patient with lead / shielding of
other parts of patient AND to
absorb radiation
- distance from source AND
reduces intensity / amount of
radiation / exposure
- limit time of exposure / not too
frequent / max number of X-rays
per year AND to limit dose
- limit strength / intensity of X-ray
beam AND to limit dose
34 infrared 1
35 ultrasound 1
36 ultrasound OR 2
sound (frequency) above audible
range (1)
frequency > 20 kHz / 20 000 Hz
(1)
- Mark Scheme /
Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance
37 1000 m / s ≤ value ≤ 2000 m / s 1
38 molecules closer together / water 1
has greater density
39 ( λ =) 7.5 × 10-4 m 3
OR ALLOW
( λ =) v / f OR v = f λ in any
form (1)
( λ =) 1.5 × 103 / 2 × 106 (1)
40 echo 1
[Total: 76]
