History and Geography

INTRODUCTION

The practical work I am presenting is from the subject History and Geography.
I try to explain some aspects regarding one of the smallest continents.
of the planet, which is Oceania.

Firstly, I try to give an etymological definition of the word.

which relates to the topic, which is Oceania. Then to proceed to explain issues that it has.
What about the countries that make up that continent, what are their relief and hydrography?
climate that contains and others.

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 History and Geography

OCEANIA

Oceania is the name that designates

to thecontinentinsular composed of the
continental shelf of Australia,
New Zealand, the islands of New Guinea
and the archipelagos of Melanesia,
Micronesia and Polynesia. This continent, the
smallest on the planet, is located to the south
ofPacific Oceanto the west ofOcean
Indicand to the southeast of theAsian continent.

The name Oceania comes from del

griegookeanos, which translates to ocean, and was
coined in 1812 by the Danish geographer
Conrad Malte-Brun, although it is known from
suspiciousculturesaustronesian natives such
as early as the 2nd century BC. The Spanish and Portuguese navigators were the
first Europeans to arrive in the area, a prelude to a mainly colonization
French, British, and then American.

The human population that inhabits the continent is highly diverse in its customs and
cultures, displaying an interesting diversity despite its very low density rate
population.

COUNTRIES AND DEPENDENCIES OF OCEANIA

The continent of Oceania encompasses the territorial set of fourteen distinct countries, which
Australia, New Zealand, the Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati,
["Nauru","Marshall Islands","Palau","Papua New Guinea","Samoa","Solomon Islands"]
Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.

In addition, it has 17 non-self-governing dependencies belonging to other nations such as

Chile, United Kingdom, Australia or United States. These are: Guam, Hawaii, Island of
Christmas, Easter Island, Norfolk Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Coral Sea Islands,
Northern Mariana Islands, Pitcairn Islands, Minor Outlying Islands of the United States
United, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, New
Caledonia and Tokelau.

RECEIVE AND HYDROGRAPHY

Oceania is the continent of the sea. Although most of its territory is concentrated in
Australia the islands are scattered throughout the Pacific. It is distributed between two plates.
tectonic plates of the Pacific and Australian. At the contact between them, there are the
volcanic origin islands, which have a very pronounced mountainous appearance. For the
on the contrary, the islands far from this contact are of coral origin; due to the

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emergence of large reefs. These are low and very flat islands. Many of them are
at risk due to the rise in average sea level around the planet.

Australia is the country that concentrates the great reliefs of the continent. Its chains
mountainous, they are located near the coast, surrounding the country. Only a few mountains of
At low altitude, they are located in the center. The most important mountain ranges are:

Australian Alps,

Montes Blue,

New England Mountain Range

Great Divide Range, the longest but the lowest in altitude,

Cordillera expedition,

Cordillera Sound

Cordillera Seaview

Gregory Range,

Durack Mountain Range

Cordillera King Leopoldo

Hamersley Range

Stirling Mountain Range

Flindres Mountain Range

Cordillera Barrier

Selwyn Range,

Reynolds Mountain Range,

Macdonnell Range and

Musgrave Range

The highest altitudes are: Jaya (5,029 m) and Wilheim (4,693 m).

El resto de Australia está dominado por las grandes llanuras y desiertos como las de:

Great Australian Basin,

Simpson Desert

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 History and Geography

Meseta Barkly,

Canning Basin, where the Great Sandy Desert is located,

Tanami Desert

Gibson Desert,

Great Victoria Desert and

Nullarbor Plains.

Outside of Australia, only the mountains of New Zealand hold some importance.
New Zealand is divided into two main islands: the North Island and the South Island. The North Island
It features a very complex mountain center. The Southern Island has the Alps.
New Zealanders, where the highest altitudes of the country are, such as Mount Cook (3,764)
m).

Hydrography

In Australia, there are no large rivers. The basins that flow into the sea have very small rivers.
short. The center of Australia is a huge endorheic basin whose lowest point is
Lake Eyre, but the entire territory is dotted with salt lakes: Lake Mackay, lake
Amadeus, Lake Gairdner, Lake Carnegie, and Lake Disappointment.

The longest rivers are those that flow through the central deserts. The main rivers
son:

Murray (3.718 km)

* Darling (2.736 km) and

Murrumbidgie (1.690 km).

Rivers are scarce in flow, as befits a basically desert country.

Nevertheless, the northern rivers, where the equatorial climate predominates, have waters
abundant and regular. However, they are not valid for navigation, or rather
to create a river communication network in the country.

The New Zealand rivers are short, fast, and full of water. There is one in New Zealand a
relative abundance of lakes. The lakes of the South Island are clearly of glacial origin.
Almost all the rivers on the eastern slope have a lake in their upper course. The North Island
It has fewer lakes but here is the largest lake in New Zealand: Lake Taupo.

CLIMATE

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Despite its small size, Oceania presents examples of most of the climates.
of the world, of course the majority of them in Australia. The islands of the Pacific
they present a typical zonal climate, but it is greatly modified by the presence of the sea, which
that makes them have climates with very specific characteristics on each island. In general, the
Islands closest to the equator have an equatorial climate, and those closest to the tropics.
a dry and humid tropical climate, although the dry periods are usually very short.
Above the tropics, the islands tend to the maritime climate of the west coast.

In Oceania, we find up to three large biogeographic empires: the Paleotropical,

that extends over most of the islands, especially in the Pacific, the Australian,
that extends across Australia, Tasmania, and nearby islands, and Antarctica, present in
New Zealand and the southern islands. However, all these differences coalesce in
a single ecozone: the Australian.

Climate:

The tundra climate has a testimonial presence on some islands near the
Antarctica.

The maritime climate of the west coast is found in New Zealand, Tasmania and in the
southeast corner of Australia around the Australian Alps.

The Mediterranean climate is present in the area of Cape Leeuwin, in the angle
southwestern Australia, and around the Spencer Gulf, downwind of the Alps
Australians.

The humid subtropical climate is found in the center of the western coast of
Australia, north of the Australian Alps.

The dry subtropical climate is found in a narrow strip south of Australia.

near the coast.

The dry tropical climate extends over most of Australia, it is the most
represented and occupies the entire center of the country.

The dry and humid tropical climate is found in a narrow strip along the northern coast of
Australia and many of the Pacific islands.

The monsoon climate and the trade winds on the coast are found on the northern coast of
Australia and in the mountainous islands of the Pacific.

CLIMATE

OceaniaIt is a conglomerate of truly fascinating different cultures, which makes it

a continent full of diversity. In its territories, the roots of the
ancient local cultures with those incorporated from the British Empire. The cultures
originating from Oceania consist of the native groups of Aboriginal Australians,
Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia.

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 History and Geography

Within these native groups, there exists a large number of tribal divisions and of
different ethnicities, each with its language, which also implies a wide variety
of customs and cultural traditions. However, among these groups there also exist
common points. Today I want to invite you to learn a little about the
different cultures of Oceania.

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CONCLUSION

The work that I completed was of great importance to me, as it helped me to

understand and comprehend issues related to such a peculiar continent that
exists on the planet and has a climate, hydrology, and cultural issues so
beautiful that until today were unknown to me.

I finish the work with the hope that it will be of help, as it was to me, to the
people what have the opportunity of read it

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Bibliography

1- Basic General Encyclopedia. Europrinter plus S. L. Publishing, Barcelona 2000.

2- Geografía Universal. SALVATORE, Cesar Dario. Editorial La Fuente. Buenos Aires

1996.

3- Wikipedia, Free Encyclopedia. Oceania.

With much love, for my forbidden love. I hope very soon.

I can feel your sexy and delicious lips.