The flag of Vatican City is square shaped.

It is composed of two equal vertical

bands of yellow and white, with national coat of arms centered in the white band.
The national coat of arms comprises the Papal Tiara superimposed on two crossed
keys.
VA

+3

The flag of Venezuela is composed of three equal horizontal bands of yellow, blue
and red. At the center of the blue band are eight five-pointed white stars arranged
in a horizontal arc.
VE

+5

The flag of Vietnam features a large five-pointed yellow star on a red field.
VN

+8

WF

+6

EH

+2

The flag of Yemen is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black.
YE

+9

The flag of Zambia has a green field, on the fly side of which is a soaring orange
African fish eagle above a rectangular area divided into three equal vertical bands
of red, black and orange.
ZM

+2

The flag of Zimbabwe is composed of seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow,
red, black, red, yellow and green, with a white isosceles triangle superimposed on
the hoist side of the field. This triangle is edged in black, spans about one-
fourth the width of the field and has its base on the hoist end. A yellow Zimbabwe
bird superimposed on a five-pointed red star is centered in the triangle.
ZW

+2

AX

+3

01 95 12 34 56
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Country flag
BJ

Search Country Name or Code

The flag of the United Kingdom � the Union Jack � has a blue field. It features the
white-edged red cross of Saint George superimposed on the diagonal red cross of
Saint Patrick which is superimposed on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew.
GB

+44

The flag of the United States of America is composed of thirteen equal horizontal
bands of red alternating with white. A blue rectangle, bearing fifty small five-
pointed white stars arranged in nine rows where rows of six stars alternate with
rows of five stars, is superimposed in the canton.
US

+1

The flag of Australia has a dark blue field. It features the flag of the United
Kingdom � the Union Jack � in the canton, beneath which is a large white seven-
pointed star. A representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of one
small five-pointed and four larger seven-pointed white stars, is situated on the
fly side of the field.
AU

+61
The flag of France is composed of three equal vertical bands of blue, white and
red.
FR

+33

The flag of Canada is composed of a red vertical band on the hoist and fly sides
and a central white square that is twice the width of the vertical bands. A large
eleven-pointed red maple leaf is centered in the white square.
CA

+1

The flag of Germany is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, red and
gold.
DE

+49

The flag of Russia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of white, blue and
red.
RU

+7

The flag of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan has a white field with Arabic
inscriptions � the Shahada � in black across its center.
AF

+93

The flag of Albania features a silhouetted double-headed black eagle at the center
of a red field.
AL

+355

The flag of Algeria features two equal vertical bands of green and white. A five-
pointed red star within a fly-side facing red crescent is centered over the two-
color boundary.
DZ

+213

AS

+1684

The flag of Andorra features three equal vertical bands of blue, yellow and red,
with the coat of arms of Andorra centered in the yellow band.
AD

+376

The flag of Angola features two equal horizontal bands of red and black, with a
yellow emblem at its centre. This emblem consists of a five-pointed star within the
hoist-side facing half of a cogwheel that is crossed on its lower end by a machete.
AO

+244

AI

+1264

AQ

The flag of Antigua and Barbuda has a red field with an inverted isosceles triangle
based on the top edge and spanning the height of the field. This triangle has three
horizontal bands of black, light blue and white, with the light blue band half the
height of the two other bands. The top half of a golden-yellow sun is situated in
the lower two-third of the black band to depict a rising sun.
AG

+1268

The flag of Argentina features three equal horizontal bands of light blue, white
and light blue. A brown-edged golden sun is centered in the white band.
AR

+54

The flag of Armenia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, blue and
orange.
AM

+374

AW

+297

The flag of Austria is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
red.
AT

+43

The flag of Azerbaijan features three equal horizontal bands of blue, red and
green, with a white fly-side facing crescent and eight-pointed star centered in the
red band.
AZ

+994

The flag of the Bahamas is composed of three equal horizontal bands of aquamarine,
yellow and aquamarine, with a black equilateral triangle superimposed on the hoist
side of the field. This triangle has its base on the hoist end and spans about one-
third the width of the field.
BS

+1242
The flag of Bahrain has a red field. On the hoist side, it features a white
vertical band that spans about one-third the width of the field and is separated
from the rest of the field by five adjoining fly-side pointing white isosceles
triangles that serve as a serrated line.
BH

+973

The flag of Bangladesh has a dark green field bearing a large red circle that is
offset slightly towards the hoist side of center.
BD

+880

The flag of Barbados is composed of three equal vertical bands of ultramarine, gold
and ultramarine. The head of a black trident is centered in the gold band.
BB

+1246

The flag of Belarus features a vertical band, with a white and red ornamental
pattern, spanning about one-fifth the width of the field on the hoist side.
Adjoining the vertical band are two horizontal bands of red and green, with the red
band twice the height of the green band.
BY

+375

The flag of Belgium is composed of three equal vertical bands of black, yellow and
red.
BE

+32

The flag of Belize has a royal blue field with a thin red horizontal band at the
top and bottom of the field and the national coat of arms in the center.
BZ

+501

The flag of Benin features a green vertical band on its hoist side that takes up
about two-fifth the width of the field and two equal horizontal bands of yellow and
red adjoining the vertical band.
BJ

+229

BM

+1441

The flag of Bhutan is divided diagonally, from the lower hoist-side corner to the
upper fly-side corner, into an upper yellow and a lower orange triangle. A fly-side
facing white dragon holding four jewels in its claws is situated along the boundary
of the two triangles.
BT

+975
The flag of Bolivia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, yellow and
green, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band.
BO

+591

The flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina has a blue field, at the center of which is a
large yellow hoist-side facing right-angled triangle that is based on the top edge
and spans the height of the field. Adjacent to the hypotenuse of this triangle are
nine adjoining five-pointed white stars with the top and bottom stars cut in half
by the edges of the field.
BA

+387

The flag of Botswana has a light blue field with a white-edged black horizontal
band across its center.
BW

+267

BV

+47

The flag of Brazil has a green field with a large yellow rhombus in the center.
Within the rhombus is a dark blue globe with twenty-seven small five-pointed white
stars depicting a starry sky and a thin white convex horizontal band inscribed with
the national motto 'Ordem e Progresso' across its center.
BR

+55

IO

+246

VG

+1284

The flag of Brunei has a yellow field with two adjoining diagonal bands of white
and black that extend from the upper hoist side of the field to the lower fly side.
The red emblem of Brunei is centered on the field.
BN

+673

The flag of Bulgaria is composed of three equal horizontal bands of white, green
and red.
BG

+359

The flag of Burkina Faso features two equal horizontal bands of red and green, with
a yellow five-pointed star in the center.
BF

+226

The flag of Burundi is divided by a white diagonal cross into four alternating
triangular areas of red at the top and bottom, and green on the hoist and fly
sides. A white circle, with three green-edged red six-pointed stars arranged to
form a triangle, is superimposed at the center of the cross.
BI

+257

The flag of Cambodia features three horizontal bands of blue, red and blue, with a
white depiction of the temple complex, Angkor Wat centered in the red band.
KH

+855

The flag of Cameroon is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, red and
yellow, with a yellow five-pointed star in the center.
CM

+237

The flag of Cape Verde is composed of five horizontal bands of blue, white, red,
white and blue in the ratio of [Link]. A ring of ten five-pointed yellow stars
is centered at three-eighth of the height from the bottom edge and three-eighth of
the width from the hoist end of the field.
CV

+238

BES islands

+599

KY

+1345

The flag of Central African Republic is composed of four equal horizontal bands of
blue, white, green and yellow intersected at the center by a vertical red band of
equal size as the horizontal bands. A yellow five-pointed star is situated on the
hoist side of the blue band.
CF

+236

The flag of Chad is composed of three equal vertical bands of blue, gold and red.
TD

+235

The flag of Chile is composed of two equal horizontal bands of white and red, with
a blue square of the same height as the white band superimposed in the canton. A
white five-pointed star is centered in the blue square.
CL

+56

The flag of China has a red field. In the canton are five yellow five-pointed stars
� a large star and four smaller stars arranged in a vertical arc on the fly side of
the large star.
CN

+86

CX

+61

CC

+61

The flag of Colombia is composed of three horizontal bands of yellow, blue and red,
with the yellow band twice the height of the other two bands.
CO

+57

The flag of Comoros is composed of four equal horizontal bands of yellow, white,
red and blue, with a green isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the
field. This triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth the width
of the field and bears a fly-side facing white crescent and four five-pointed white
stars arranged in a vertical line along the opening of the crescent.
KM

+269

CK

+682

The flag of Costa Rica is composed of five horizontal bands of blue, white, red,
white and blue. The central red band is twice the height of the other four bands.
CR

+506

The flag of Croatia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
blue, with coat of arms of Croatia superimposed in the center.
HR

+385

The flag of Cuba is composed of five equal horizontal bands of blue alternating
with white and a red equilateral triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the
field. The triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth the width
of the field and bears a white five-pointed star at its center.
CU
+53

CW

+599

The flag of Cyprus has a white field, at the center of which is a copper-colored
silhouette of the Island of Cyprus above two green olive branches crossed at the
stem.
CY

+357

The flag of Czechia is composed of two equal horizontal bands of white and red,
with a blue isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. The
triangle has its base on the hoist end and spans about two-fifth the width of the
field.
CZ

+420

The flag of Denmark has a red field with a large white cross that extend to the
edges of the field. The vertical part of this cross is offset towards the hoist
side.
DK

+45

The flag of Djibouti is composed of two equal horizontal bands of light blue and
light green, with a white isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the
field. The triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth the width
of the field and bears a red five-pointed star at its center.
DJ

+253

The flag of Dominica has a green field with a large centered tricolor cross. The
vertical and horizontal parts of the cross each comprise three bands of yellow,
black and white. A red circle, bearing a hoist-side facing purple Sisserou parrot
standing on a twig and encircled by ten five-pointed yellow-edged green stars, is
superimposed at the center of the cross.
DM

+1767

The flag of the Dominican Republic is divided into four rectangles by a centered
white cross that extends to the edges of the field and bears the national coat of
arms in its center. The upper hoist-side and lower fly-side rectangles are blue and
the lower hoist-side and upper fly-side rectangles are red.
DO

+1

The flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo has a sky-blue field with a
yellow-edged red diagonal band that extends from the lower hoist-side corner to the
upper fly-side corner of the field. A large five-pointed yellow star is situated
above the diagonal band on the upper hoist side of the field.
CD
+243

The flag of Ecuador is composed of the horizontal bands of yellow, blue and red,
with the yellow band twice the height of the other two bands. The Ecuadorian coat
of arms is superimposed in the center of the field.
EC

+593

The flag of Egypt is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black, with Egypt's national emblem � a hoist-side facing gold eagle of Saladin �
centered in the white band.
EG

+20

The flag of El Salvador is composed of three equal horizontal bands of cobalt blue,
white and cobalt blue, with the national coat of arms centered in the white band.
SV

+503

The flag of Equatorial Guinea is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green,
white and red with the national coat of arms centered in the white band and an
isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. The triangle is
light blue, has its base on the hoist end and spans about one-fifth the width of
the field.
GQ

+240

The flag of Eritrea comprises three triangles � a large red isosceles triangle with
its base spanning the hoist end and its apex at the midpoint on the fly end, and a
green and blue right-angled triangle above and beneath the red triangle. On the
hoist side of the red triangle is a golden vertical olive branch encircled by a
golden olive wreath.
ER

+291

The flag of Estonia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of blue, black and
white.
EE

+372

The flag of Eswatini is composed of three horizontal bands � a large central

yellow-edged red band, and a light blue band above and beneath the red band. The
red band is three times the height of the blue bands and bears a centered emblem
made up of a large black and white Nguni shield covering two spears and a staff
decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally.
SZ

+268

The flag of Ethiopia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, yellow
and red, with the national emblem superimposed at the center of the field. The
national emblem comprises a light blue circle bearing a golden-yellow pentagram
with single yellow rays emanating from the angles between the points of the
pentagram.
ET

+251

FK

+500

FO

+298

The flag of Fiji has a light blue field. It features the flag of the United Kingdom
� the Union Jack � in the canton and the shield of the national coat of arms
centered in the fly half.
FJ

+679

The flag of Finland has a white field with a large blue cross that extend to the
edges of the field. The vertical part of this cross is offset towards the hoist
side.
FI

+358

GF

+594

PF

+689

TF

+262

The flag of Gabon is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, yellow and
blue.
GA

+241

The flag of Gambia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, blue with
white top and bottom edges, and green.
GM

+220

The flag of Georgia has a white field with a large centered red cross that extends
to the edges and divides the field into four quarters. A small red Bolnur-Katskhuri
cross is centered in each quarter.
GE

+995

The flag of Ghana is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, gold and
green, with a five-pointed black star centered in the gold band.
GH

+233

GI

+350

The flag of Greece is composed of nine equal horizontal bands of blue alternating
with white. A blue square bearing a white cross is superimposed in the canton.
GR

+30

GL

+299

The flag of Grenada features a large central rectangular area surrounded by a red
border, with three five-pointed yellow stars centered on the top and bottom
borders. The central rectangle is divided diagonally into four alternating
triangular areas of yellow at the top and bottom and green on the hoist and fly
sides, and a five-pointed yellow star on a red circle is superimposed at its
center. A symbolic nutmeg pod is situated on the green hoist-side triangle.
GD

+1473

GP

+590

GU

+1671

The flag of Guatemala is composed of three equal vertical bands of light blue,
white and light blue, with the national coat of arms centered in the white band.
GT

+502

GG

+44

The flag of Guinea is composed of three equal vertical bands of red, yellow and
green.
GN

+224

The flag of Guinea-Bissau features a red vertical band on its hoist side that takes
up about two-fifth the width of the field, and two equal horizontal bands of yellow
and green adjoining the vertical band. A five-pointed black star is centered in the
vertical band.
GW

+245

The flag of Guyana has a green field with two isosceles triangles which share a
common base on the hoist end. The smaller black-edged red triangle spanning half
the width of the field is superimposed on the larger white-edged yellow triangle
which spans the full width of the field.
GY

+592

The flag of Haiti is composed of two equal horizontal bands of blue and red. A
white square bearing the national coat of arms is superimposed at the center of the
field.
HT

+509

HM

The flag of Honduras is composed of three equal horizontal bands of turquoise,

white and turquoise, with five small five-pointed turquoise stars arranged in a
quincuncial pattern at the center of the white band.
HN

+504

HK

+852

The flag of Hungary is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
green.
HU

+36

The flag of Iceland has a blue field with a large white-edged red cross that
extends to the edges of the field. The vertical part of this cross is offset
towards the hoist side.
IS

+354

The flag of India is composed of three equal horizontal bands of saffron, white and
green. A navy blue wheel with twenty-four spokes � the Ashoka Chakra � is centered
in the white band.
IN

+91

The flag of Indonesia is composed of two equal horizontal bands of red and white.
ID

+62

The flag of Iran is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, white and
red. A red emblem of Iran is centered in the white band and Arabic inscriptions in
white span the bottom edge of the green band and the top edge of the red band.
IR

+98

The flag of Iraq is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black. In the central white band are Arabic inscriptions in green.
IQ

+964

The flag of Ireland is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, white and
orange.
IE

+353

IM

+44

The flag of Italy is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, white and
red.
IT

+39

The flag of Ivory Coast is composed of three equal vertical bands of orange, white
and green.
CI

+225

The flag of Jamaica is divided by a gold diagonal cross into four alternating
triangular areas of green at the top and bottom, and black on the hoist and fly
sides
JM

+1876

The flag of Japan features a crimson-red circle at the center of a white field.
JP

+81

JE
+44

The flag of Jordan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, white and
green, with a red isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field.
This triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about half the width of the
field and bears a small seven-pointed white star at its center.
JO

+962

The flag of Kazakhstan has a turquoise field, at the center of which is a gold sun
with thirty-two rays above a soaring golden steppe eagle. A thin vertical band
displays a national ornamental pattern � koshkar-muiz � in gold near the hoist end.
KZ

+7

The flag of Kenya is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, red with
white top and bottom edges, and green. An emblem comprising a red, black and white
Maasai shield covering two crossed white spears is superimposed at the center of
the field.
KE

+254

The flag of Kiribati is divided into two halves. While the upper half has a red
field, at the center of which is a yellow frigate bird flying over the top half of
a rising yellow sun with seventeen visible rays, the lower half is composed of six
horizontal wavy bands of white alternating with blue to depict the ocean.
KI

+686

XK

+383

The flag of Kuwait is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, white and
red, with a black trapezium superimposed on the hoist side of the field. This
trapezium has its base on the hoist end and spans about one-fourth the width of the
field.
KW

+965

The flag of Kyrgyzstan features a yellow sun with forty rays at the center of a red
field. At the center of the sun is a stylized depiction of a tunduk.
KG

+996

The flag of Laos is composed of three horizontal bands of red, blue and red. The
blue band is twice the height of the red bands and bears a white circle at its
center.
LA

+856
The flag of Latvia has a carmine-red field with a thin white horizontal band across
the middle of the field.
LV

+371

The flag of Lebanon is composed of three horizontal bands of red, white and red.
The white band is twice the height of the red bands and bears a green Lebanese
Cedar tree at its center.
LB

+961

The flag of Lesotho is composed of three horizontal bands of blue, white and green
in the ratio of [Link]. A black mokorotlo � a Basotho hat � is centered in the white
band.
LS

+266

The flag of Liberia is composed of eleven equal horizontal bands of red alternating
with white. A blue square bearing a five-pointed white star is superimposed in the
canton.
LR

+231

The flag of Libya is composed of three horizontal bands of red, black and green,
with the black band twice the height of the other two bands. At the center of the
black band is a fly-side facing white crescent and a five-pointed white star placed
just outside the crescent opening.
LY

+218

The flag of Liechtenstein is composed of two equal horizontal bands of blue and
red, with a golden-yellow crown on the hoist side of the blue band.
LI

+423

The flag of Lithuania is composed of three equal horizontal bands of yellow, green
and red.
LT

+370

The flag of Luxembourg is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white
and light blue.
LU

+352

MO

+853
The flag of Madagascar features a white vertical band on the hoist side that takes
up about one-third the width of the field, and two equal horizontal bands of red
and green adjoining the vertical band.
MG

+261

The flag of Malawi is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, red and
green. The top half of a red sun with thirty-one visible rays is centered in the
black band.
MW

+265

The flag of Malaysia is composed of fourteen equal horizontal bands of red

alternating with white. A blue rectangle, bearing a fly-side facing yellow crescent
and a fourteen-pointed yellow star placed just outside the crescent opening, is
superimposed in the canton.
MY

+60

The flag of Maldives has a red field, at the center of which is a large green
rectangle bearing a fly-side facing white crescent.
MV

+960

The flag of Mali is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, yellow and
red.
ML

+223

The flag of Malta is composed of two equal vertical bands of white and red. A
representation of the George cross edged in red is situated on the upper hoist-side
corner of the white band.
MT

+356

The flag of Marshall Islands has a blue field with two broadening adjacent diagonal
bands of orange and white that extend from the lower hoist-side corner to the upper
fly-side corner of the field. A large white star with twenty-four rays � four large
rays at the cardinal points and twenty smaller rays � is situated in the upper
hoist-side corner above the diagonal bands.
MH

+692

MQ

+596

The flag of Mauritania has a green field with a thin red horizontal band at the top
and bottom of the field. At the center of the field is a five-pointed yellow star
above an upward facing yellow crescent.
MR
+222

The flag of Mauritius is composed of four equal horizontal bands of red, blue,
yellow and green.
MU

+230

YT

+262

The flag of Mexico is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, white and
red, with the national coat of arms centered in the white band.
MX

+52

The flag of Micronesia has a light blue field, at the center of which are four
five-pointed white stars arranged in the shape of a diamond.
FM

+691

The flag of Moldova is composed of three equal vertical bands of blue, yellow and
red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band.
MD

+373

The flag of Monaco is composed of two equal horizontal bands of red and white.
MC

+377

The flag of Mongolia is composed of three equal vertical bands of red, blue and
red, with the national emblem � the Soyombo � in gold centered in the hoist-side
red band.
MN

+976

The flag of Montenegro features a large red central rectangular area surrounded by
a golden-yellow border. The coat of arms of Montenegro is centered in the red
rectangle.
ME

+382

MS

+1664

The flag of Morocco features a green pentagram � a five-pointed linear star �

centered on a red field.
MA
+212

The flag of Mozambique is composed of three equal horizontal bands of teal, black
with white top and bottom edges, and yellow. A red isosceles triangle spanning
about two-fifth the width of the field is superimposed on the hoist side with its
base on the hoist end. This triangle bears a crossed rifle and hoe in black
superimposed on an open white book which is superimposed on a five-pointed yellow
star.
MZ

+258

The flag of Myanmar is composed of three equal horizontal bands of yellow, green
and red, with a large five-pointed white star superimposed at the center of the
field.
MM

+95

The flag of Namibia features a white-edged red diagonal band that extends from the
lower hoist-side corner to the upper fly-side corner of the field. Above and
beneath this band are a blue and green triangle respectively. A gold sun with
twelve triangular rays is situated on the hoist side of the upper triangle.
NA

+264

The flag of Nauru has a dark blue field with a thin yellow horizontal band across
the center and a large white twelve-pointed star beneath the horizontal band on the
hoist side of the field.
NR

+674

The flag of Nepal is the world's only non-quadrilateral flag of a sovereign

country. It takes the shape of two adjoining right-angled triangles and has a
crimson red field with deep blue edges. Within the smaller upper triangle is an
emblem of the upper half of a white sun resting on an upward facing white crescent.
The lower triangle bears a white sun with twelve rays.
NP

+977

The flag of the Netherlands is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red,
white and blue.
NL

+31

NC

+687

The flag of New Zealand has a dark blue field with the flag of the United Kingdom �
the Union Jack � in the canton and a representation of the Southern Cross
constellation, made up of four five-pointed white-edged red stars, on the fly side
of the field.
NZ

+64

The flag of Nicaragua is composed of three equal horizontal bands of blue, white
and blue, with the national coat of arms centered in the white band.
NI

+505

The flag of Niger features three equal horizontal bands of orange, white and green,
with an orange circle centered in the white band.
NE

+227

The flag of Nigeria is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, white and
green.
NG

+234

NU

+683

NF

+672

The flag of North Korea is composed of three horizontal bands � a large central
white-edged red band, and a blue band above and beneath the red band. On the hoist
side of the red band is a red five-pointed star within a white circle.
KP

+850

The flag of North Macedonia has a red field, at the center of which is a golden-
yellow sun with eight broadening rays that extend to the edges of the field.
MK

+389

MP

+1670

The flag of Norway has a red field with a large white-edged navy blue cross that
extends to the edges of the field. The vertical part of this cross is offset
towards the hoist side.
NO

+47

The flag of Oman features a red vertical band on the hoist side that takes up about
one-fourth the width of the field, and three equal horizontal bands of white, red
and green adjoining the vertical band. At the top of the vertical band is the white
emblem of Oman.
OM

+968

The flag of Pakistan is composed of a white vertical band on its hoist side that
takes up about one-fourth the width of the field and a dark green rectangular area
that spans the rest of the field. A white fly-side facing crescent and five-pointed
star are centered in the dark green area.
PK

+92

The flag of Palau has a light blue field with a large golden-yellow circle that is
offset slightly towards the hoist side of center.
PW

+680

PS

+970

The flag of Panama is composed of four equal rectangular areas � a white

rectangular area with a blue five-pointed star at its center, a red rectangular
area, a white rectangular area with a red five-pointed star at its center, and a
blue rectangular area � in the upper hoist side, upper fly side, lower fly side and
lower hoist side respectively.
PA

+507

The flag of Papua New Guinea is divided diagonally, from the upper hoist-side
corner to the lower fly-side corner, into a lower black and an upper red triangle.
On the hoist side of the lower black triangle is a representation of the Southern
Cross constellation made up of one small and four larger five-pointed white stars.
A golden Raggiana bird-of-paradise is situated on the fly side of the upper red
triangle.
PG

+675

The flag of Paraguay features three equal horizontal bands of red, white and blue,
with an emblem centered in the white band. On the obverse side of the flag
depicted, this emblem is the national coat of arms.
PY

+595

The flag of Peru is composed of three equal vertical bands of red, white and red,
with the national emblem centered in the white band.
PE

+51

The flag of Philippines is composed of two equal horizontal bands of blue and red,
with a white equilateral triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. This
triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth the width of the
field and bears a central golden-yellow sun with eight rays and a five-pointed
golden-yellow star at each vertex.
PH

+63

PN

+64

The flag of Poland is composed of two equal horizontal bands of white and red.
PL

+48

The flag of Portugal is composed of two vertical bands of green and red in the
ratio of 2:3, with the coat of arms of Portugal centered over the two-color
boundary.
PT

+351

PR

+1

The flag of Qatar has a maroon field, on the hoist side of which is a white
vertical band that spans about one-third the width of the field and is separated
from the rest of the field by nine adjoining fly-side pointing white isosceles
triangles that serve as a serrated line.
QA

+974

The flag of the Republic of the Congo features a yellow diagonal band that extends
from the lower hoist-side corner to the upper fly-side corner of the field. Above
and beneath this band are a green and red triangle respectively.
CG

+242

The flag of Romania is composed of three equal vertical bands of navy blue, yellow
and red.
RO

+40

The flag of Rwanda is composed of three horizontal bands of light blue, yellow and
green. The light blue band is twice the height of the other two bands and bears a
yellow sun with twenty-four rays on its fly side.
RW

+250

RE
+262

BL

+590

Saint Helena

+2

The flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis features two large five-pointed white stars
within a yellow-edged black diagonal band that extends from the lower hoist-side
corner to the upper fly-side corner of the field. Above and beneath this band are a
green and red triangle respectively.
KN

+1869

The flag of Saint Lucia has a light blue field, at the center of which are two
triangles which share a common base � a small golden-yellow isosceles triangle
superimposed on a large white-edged black isosceles triangle.
LC

+1758

MF

+590

PM

+508

The flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is composed of three vertical bands of
blue, gold and green. The gold band is twice as wide as the other two bands and
bears three green diamonds arranged to form the letter V at its center.
VC

+1784

The flag of Samoa has a red field. A blue rectangle, bearing a representation of
the Southern Cross made up of five large and one smaller five-pointed white stars,
is superimposed in the canton.
WS

+685

The flag of San Marino is composed of two equal horizontal bands of white and light
blue, with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center.
SM

+378

The flag of Saudi Arabia has a green field, at the center of which is an Arabic
inscription � the Shahada � in white above a white horizontal sabre with its tip
pointed to the hoist side of the field.
Saudi

+966

The flag of Senegal is composed of three equal vertical bands of green, golden-
yellow and red, with a five-pointed green star centered in the golden-yellow band.
SN

+221

The flag of Serbia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, blue and
white. The coat of arms of Serbia is superimposed at the center of the field
slightly towards the hoist side.
RS

+381

The flag of Seychelles is composed of five broadening oblique bands of blue,

yellow, red, white and green, which extend from the hoist side of the bottom edge
to the top and fly edges of the field.
SC

+248

The flag of Sierra Leone is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green,
white and blue.
SL

+232

The flag of Singapore is composed of two equal horizontal bands of red and white.
On the hoist side of the red band is a fly-side facing white crescent which
partially encloses five small five-pointed white stars arranged in the shape of a
pentagon.
SG

+65

SX

+1721

The flag of Slovakia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of white, blue and
red. The coat of arms of Slovakia is superimposed at the center of the field
slightly towards the hoist side.
SK

+421

The flag of Slovenia is composed of three equal horizontal bands of white, blue and
red. The national coat of arms is situated in the upper hoist side of the field
centered on the boundary between the white and blue bands.
SI

+386
The flag of Solomon Islands features a thin yellow diagonal band that extends from
the lower hoist-side corner to the upper fly-side corner of the field. Above and
beneath this band are a blue and green triangle respectively. Five white five-
pointed stars arranged in an X shape are situated on the hoist side of the upper
blue triangle.
SB

+677

The flag of Somalia features a large five-pointed white star centered on a light
blue field.
SO

+252

The flag of South Africa is composed of two equal horizontal bands of red and blue,
with a yellow-edged black isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the
field. This triangle has its base centered on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth
the width and two-third the height of the field, and is enclosed on its sides by
the arms of a white-edged green horizontally oriented Y-shaped band which extends
along the boundary of the red and blue bands to the fly end of the field.
ZA

+27

GS

+500

The flag of South Korea has a white field, at the center of which is a red and blue
Taegeuk circle surrounded by four black trigrams, one in each corner.
KR

+82

The flag of South Sudan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, red
with white top and bottom edges, and green. A blue equilateral triangle which spans
about two-fifth the width of the field is superimposed on the hoist side with its
base on the hoist end of the field. At the center of this triangle is a five-
pointed yellow star.
SS

+211

The flag of Spain is composed of three horizontal bands of red, yellow and red,
with the yellow band twice the height of the red bands. In the yellow band is the
national coat of arms offset slightly towards the hoist side of center.
ES

+34

The flag of Sri Lanka features two large adjacent but separate rectangular areas,
centered on a golden-yellow field. The smaller hoist-side rectangle is divided into
two equal vertical bands of teal and orange, and the larger fly-side rectangle is
maroon with a centered golden-yellow lion holding a Kastane sword in its right
fore-paw and four golden-yellow Bo leaves, one in each corner.
LK
+94

The flag of Sudan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black, with a green isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side. The green
triangle spans about two-fifth the width of the field with its base on the hoist
end.
SD

+249

The flag of Suriname is composed of five horizontal bands of green, white, red,
white and green in the ratio of [Link]. A large five-pointed yellow star is
centered in the red band.
SR

+597

SJ

+4779

The flag of Sweden has a blue field with a large golden-yellow cross that extend to
the edges of the field. The vertical part of this cross is offset towards the hoist
side.
SE

+46

The flag of Switzerland is square shaped. It features a white Swiss cross centered
on a red field.
CH

+41

The flag of Syria is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black. At the center of the white band are two small five-pointed green stars
arranged in a horizontal line.
SY

+963

The flag of South Sudan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, red
with white top and bottom edges, and green. A blue equilateral triangle which spans
about two-fifth the width of the field is superimposed on the hoist side with its
base on the hoist end of the field. At the center of this triangle is a five-
pointed yellow star.
ST

+239

TW

+886

The flag of Tajikistan is composed of three horizontal bands of red, white and
green in the ratio of [Link]. A golden-yellow crown surmounted by an arc of seven
five-pointed golden-yellow stars is centered in the white band.
TJ

+992

The flag of Tanzania features a yellow-edged black diagonal band that extends from
the lower hoist-side corner to the upper fly-side corner of the field. Above and
beneath this band are a green and light blue triangle respectively.
TZ

+255

The flag of Thailand is composed of five horizontal bands of red, white, blue,
white and red, with the central blue band twice the height of the other four bands.
TH

+66

The flag of Timor-Leste has a red field with two isosceles triangles which share a
common base on the hoist end. The smaller black triangle, which bears a five-
pointed white star at its center and spans one-third the width of the field, is
superimposed on the larger yellow triangle that extends to the center of the field.
TL

+670

The flag of Togo is composed of five equal horizontal bands of green alternating
with yellow. A red square bearing a five-pointed white star is superimposed in the
canton.
TG

+228

TK

+690

The flag of Tonga has a red field. A white rectangle bearing a red Greek cross is
superimposed in the canton.
TO

+676

The flag of Trinidad and Tobago has a red field with a white-edged black diagonal
band that extends from the upper hoist-side corner to the lower fly-side corner of
the field.
TT

+1868

The flag of Tunisia has a red field. A white circle bearing a five-pointed red star
within a fly-side facing red crescent is situated at the center of the field.
TN

+216

The flag of Turkey has a red field bearing a large fly-side facing white crescent
and a smaller five-pointed white star placed just outside the crescent opening. The
white crescent and star are offset slightly towards the hoist side of center.
TR

+90

The flag of Turkmenistan has a green field. It features a red vertical band,
bearing five carpet guls stacked above two crossed olive branches, near the hoist
end of the field. Just to the fly side of the vertical band near the top edge of
the field is a hoist-side facing white crescent and five small five-pointed white
stars placed just outside the crescent opening.
TM

+993

TC

+1649

The flag of Tuvalu has a light blue field with the flag of the United Kingdom � the
Union Jack � in the canton. A representation of the country's nine Islands using
nine five-pointed yellow stars is situated in the fly half of the field.
TV

+688

The flag of Uganda is composed of six equal horizontal bands of black, yellow, red,
black, yellow and red. A white circle bearing a hoist-side facing grey red-crested
crane is superimposed in the center of the field.
UG

+256

The flag of Ukraine is composed of two equal horizontal bands of blue and yellow.
UA

+380

The flag of United Arab Emirates features a red vertical band on its hoist side
that takes up about one-fourth the width of the field and three equal horizontal
bands of green, white and black adjoining the vertical band.
AE

+971

VI

+1340

The flag of Uruguay is composed of nine equal horizontal bands of white alternating
with blue, with a white square superimposed in the canton. In the white square is a
yellow sun bearing a human face � the Sun of May � from which sixteen rays extend.
The sun's rays alternate between triangular and wavy.
UY

+598

The flag of Uzbekistan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of turquoise,

white with red top and bottom edges, and green. On the hoist side of the turquoise
band is a fly-side facing white crescent and twelve five-pointed white stars
arranged just outside the crescent opening in three rows comprising three, four and
five stars.
UZ

+998

The flag of Vanuatu is composed of two equal horizontal bands of red and green,
with a black isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. This
triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about two-fifth the width of the
field and is enclosed on its sides by the arms of a thin black-edged yellow
horizontally oriented Y-shaped band which extends along the boundary of the red and
green bands to the fly end of the field. A yellow boar's tusk encircling two yellow
crossed namele leaves is centered in the triangle.
VU

+678

The flag of Vatican City is square shaped. It is composed of two equal vertical
bands of yellow and white, with national coat of arms centered in the white band.
The national coat of arms comprises the Papal Tiara superimposed on two crossed
keys.
VA

+3

The flag of Venezuela is composed of three equal horizontal bands of yellow, blue
and red. At the center of the blue band are eight five-pointed white stars arranged
in a horizontal arc.
VE

+58

The flag of Vietnam features a large five-pointed yellow star on a red field.
VN

+84

WF

+681

EH

+2

The flag of Yemen is composed of three equal horizontal bands of red, white and
black.
YE

+967

The flag of Zambia has a green field, on the fly side of which is a soaring orange
African fish eagle above a rectangular area divided into three equal vertical bands
of red, black and orange.
ZM
+260

The flag of Zimbabwe is composed of seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow,
red, black, red, yellow and green, with a white isosceles triangle superimposed on
the hoist side of the field. This triangle is edged in black, spans about one-
fourth the width of the field and has its base on the hoist end. A yellow Zimbabwe
bird superimposed on a five-pointed red star is centered in the triangle.
ZW

+263

AX

+35818

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Web [Link]

I NOMI E COGNOMI DEGLI ITALIANI E LA LORO STORIA

Tutti i nomi e cognomi in ordine alfabetico e relative informazioni: ( Le pagine

sono in lavorazione, tuttavia se desiderate sapere anticipatamente informazioni sul
cognome desiderato, potrete richederlo inviando una E-mail a: cognomi@[Link] )
Cognomi italiani con relative informazioni: a - b- c - d - e - f - g - h - i - j -
k - l - m - n - o - p - q - r - s - t - u - v - w - x - y - z
Nei tempi antichi, quando la popolazione scarseggiava e non censita era presente
solo il nome, il quale spesso era preso dalla natura, da animali, regioni
geografiche, territori, da mestieri, o dalla localit� di provenienza. Un primo
tentativo di dare una regola lo troviamo al tempo dell'Antica Roma, dove si usava
avere tre nomi, ovvero "tria nomina": il nome individuale "preanomen", seguito dal
nome "nomen" e dalla famiglia di appartenenza detta "gens" e cio� il "cognomen", e
in caso di omonimia si aggiungeva un quarto nome, detto "agmomen". A volte anche di
pi� tra gli altolocati che si aggiungevano una moltitudine di nomi a proprio
piacimento.
Attorno al quinto secolo, con la caduta dell'Impero Romano, l'avvento del
Cristianesimo e con l'arrivo di numerose genti diverse con nomi nuovi la scelta si
amplia, si diffonde l'uso di semplificare le cose ritornando cos� ad avere un solo
nome, il quale diventa unico e personale facendo riferimento alle caratteristiche
della persona, alle sue capacit� o altro comunque personalizzato, non copiato ne
ereditato: signa o supernomia. Un altro importante cambiamento si avr� dopo l'anno
mille; la popolazione aumenta e cos� l'omonimia, sorge cos� nuovamente l'esigenza
di appaiare al proprio nome personale, quello del paese di appartenenza o quello
paterno. L'uso del secondo nome si diffonde in tutta Europa divenendo sistema di
uso comune e resistendo fino ai tempi di oggi.
Nel 1564 con il Concilio di Trento si stabiliscono delle regole, secondo le quali
il secondo nome, ovvero il futuro cognome deve essere ereditario d'obbligo, il
compito di registrare le nascite e catalogare cos� le famiglie di appartenenza
generazione per generazione toccher� ai parroci dei comuni al momento del
battesimo. Nello stesso tempo con la fine del feudalesimo, i comuni seguiranno a
catalogare e cos� censire in modo capillare, parallelamente alla Chiesa, tutta la
popolazione.
Il sistema del cognome ereditario con il tempo porter� alla scomparsa di molti
cognomi, questo fenomeno gi� si riscontra in paesi o villaggi che sono stati a
lungo isolati dove la variet� dei cognomi si riduce drasticamente. Un classico
esempio � ci� che � avvenuto in Cina, dove a differenza del mondo occidentale l'uso
del cognome ereditario da un solo genitore � in uso da millenni, con la conseguenza
che milioni di persone portano tutti lo stesso cognome, ma � ancora presto per noi
occidentali ovviare a questo problema.
Oltre al fenomeno dell'isolamento, un altra causa di una massiccia scomparsa di
cognomi sui territori meridionali � avvenuta a partire dagli anni 1870 fino ai
primi del novecento, quando si assistette ad una vera e propria "evaporazione" sul
territorio del sud di molti cognomi, dovuta ad una massiccia emigrazione verso i
paesi americani in seguito alla nota "Questione Meridionale". Un esempio classico �
il cognome "Mastropolo" (da Fossalto, Campobasso), che come quest'ultimo sono
presenti attualmente solo negli USA o in sud America.
Da notare che nel nostro Paese ogni singolo cognome � presente in diverse regioni,
quasi sempre sparso in modo omogeneo indipendentemente dal meridione o
settentrione, nord o sud, est o ovest, segno evidente di un processo di
omogeneizazione nel corso degli ultimi secoli; infatti storicamente � noto che nel
periodo precedente alla nascita ufficiale dell'"Italia Unita" c'era una relativa
forte immigrazione di genti del nord verso il ricco Regno delle due Sicilie, e una
inversione di tendenza a partire dal 1870 circa fino ai tempi di oggi di genti del
sud verso un nord industrializzato.

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